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6 Cards in this Set
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fauvism
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headquarters: Paris and the South of France
lifespan: 1905-1908 Quote: "Donatello amnong the wild beasts!" (Donatello chez les fauves!) ~ uttered at the Salon d'Automne by an anonymous art critic upon catching sight of an old-fashioned Italianate bust in a room full of Matisses Central figures: Henri Matisse, Andre Derain, Maurice de Vlaminck, all painters spiritual fathers: Paul Gaugin, Henri "Le Douanier" Rousseau Salient features: raw, vibrant-to-strident color within bold black outlines; moderately distorted perspective; an assault on the Frenchman's traditional love of order and harmony that today reads as both joyous and elegant; healthiest metabolism this side of soft-drink commercials keepers of the flame: None (though Matisse is a big, ongoing, influence on everybody) |
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futurism
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headquarters: Milan
Life span: 1909-1918 quotes: "A screaming automobile is more beautiful thatn the 'Victory of Samothrace.'" "Burn the museums!Drain the canals of Venice!" ~Filippo Tommaso Marinetti Central figures: Marinetti, poet and propagandist; Giacomo Balla and Fino Severini, painters; Umberto Boccioni, sculptor and painter; Antonio Sant'Elia, architect spirtual father: Georges Seurat salient features: dynamism, simultaneity, lines of force; vibration and rhythm more important than form; exuberant, optimistic, anarchic, human behavior as art. Had an immediate impact bigger than Cubism's- on constructivism, Dada, and Fascism keepers of the flame: performance artists (who likewise stress the theatrical and the evanescent) |
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constructivism
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headquarters: Moscow
life span: 1913-1932 quotes: "Engineers create new forms." ~ VLadimir Tartlin "Constructivism in the Socialism of vision." ~:aszlo Moholy Central figures: Tartlin, sculptor and architect; Aleksandr Rodchenko, painter and typographer; El Lissitzky, painter and designer; Naum Gabo and Antoine Pevnser, sculptors Spiritual fathers: Kaimir Malevich, Lenin, Marinetti salient features: art as production rather than elitist imaginings, and squarely in the service of the Left; abstract forms wedded to utilitarian simplicity; rivets, celluloid, and airplane wings; the State as a total work of Art keepers of the gate: None: the State ultimately squashed it |
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De Stil ("The Style")
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headquarters: Amsterdam
life span: 1917-1931 quote: "the square is to us as the cross was to the early Christians." ~ Theo van Doesburg Central figures: Van Doesburg and Piet Mondrian, painters; Geritt Rietveld and J.J. P. Oud, architects Spiritual fathers: Kandinsky Salient features: vertical and horizontal lines and primary colors, applied with a sense of spiritual mission; Calvinist purity, harmony, and sobriety; purest of the abstract movements Keepers of the flame: Minimalsists |
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Dada
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headquarters: Zurich (later Berlin, New York, and Paris)
life span: 1916-1922 quotes: "Like everything in life, Dada is useless." Anti-art for the anti-art's sake." ~Tristan Tzara Central figures: Zurich: Tzara, poet and Jean Arp, painter and sculptor. New York and Paris: Marcel Duchamp, artist; Francis Picabia, painter; Man Ray, photographer. Berlin: Max Ernst, George Grosz, Kurt Schwitters Spiritual father: Marinetti salient features: anarchic, nihilistic, and disruptive; childhood and chance its two most important sources of inspiration; the name itself of a nonsense, baby-talk word; born of disillusionment, cult of a nonart that it became, in Berlin, overly political keepers of the flame: Performance artists, "happenings" and assemblages people, conceptualists |
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surrealism
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headquarters: Paris (later New York)
life span: 1924- WWII quote: "As beautiful as the chance of meeting on a dissecting table of a sewing machine and an umbrella" ~ Comte du Lautreamont central figures: Andre Breton, intellectual; Louis Aragon, Paul Eluard, writers; Jean Cocteau, writer and filmmaker; Luis Bunuel, filmaker. Abstract wing: Joan Miro, painter. Explicit wing: Salvador Sali, Yves Tanguay, Max Ernst, Rene Magritte, painters spiritual father: Sigmund Freud, Giorgio de Chirico, Leon Trotsky salient features: anti-bourgeois, but without Dada's spontaneity; committed to the omnipotence of the dream and the unconscience; favored associations, juxtapositions, concrete imagery, the more bizarre the better keepers of the flame: Abstract expressionists, "happenings" people |