Art Final

Front 1

additive sculpture processes

Back 1

sculptor builds the work, adding material as the work proceeds (modeling, assemblage, construction)

Front 2

subtractive sculpture process

Back 2

sculptor begins with a mass of material larger than the finished work ans removes from that mass until the work achieves its form

Front 3

replacement sculpture processes

Back 3

term for casting, in which wax is replaced by bronze

Front 4

what are the four roles of the artist?

Back 4

1-record the world
2-give tangible or visual form to ideas
3-reveal hidden/universal truths
4-help see the world in a new or innovative way

Front 5

3 levels of iconography

Back 5

1 pre-iconic (primary or natural subject matter;what you see)
2-convention (president-bring in more meaning)
3-taken account of time and place image was made

Front 6

Methodologies of analyzing art

Back 6

1-Expressionism (tangible form to ideas and emotions)
2-Formalism (atonomy, line, shape, color)
3-Instrumentalism (serves a purpose)
4-Marxism (political interests)
5-Activist

Front 7

two categories of drawing materials

Back 7

wet media and dry media

Front 8

3 categories of site specific installations

Back 8

1- physical (respond or conforms to physical limitations of actual space)
2-symbolic (responds to or employs the symbolic meaning or history of space)
3-time and place (responds to particular moment in time at/in specific place

Front 9

Tolstoys conditions for omthing to be art

Back 9

1-individuality
2-clearness
3-sincerity

Front 10

In Joseph Beuys, I Like America and America Likes Me, the coyote was comparable to what?

Back 10

comparable to Americans in Vietnam (performance piece-put in cage with coyote for weeks-coyote symbolized people we stereotype as beasts)

Front 11

What is significant about Fred Wilson's work?

Back 11

work brought out truths and exposed ugliness (shackels and arrangement of african work and white western)

Front 12

encaustic

Back 12

one of the oldest painting media- combination of piagments with hot wax

Front 13

mimesis

Back 13

imitation

Front 14

pigment

Back 14

powdered colors

Front 15

medium or binder

Back 15

holds particales of pigment together

Front 16

support

Back 16

surface painting on

Front 17

ground

Back 17

artists often prime (pre-treat) a support with a paint-like material that allows for easy application and support of paint

Front 18

what is the "decisive moment" in photography?

Back 18

Henry Cartier Bresson- the pure moment that a photographer can capture out of all the rest (ex:right before guy hits the water)

Front 19

what are the different types of dry media?

Back 19

metalpoint, chalk, charcoal, graphite, and pastel

Front 20

what are the different types of wet media?

Back 20

pen and ink, oil paint, brush wash, watercolor and acrylic

Front 21

A mixture of chalk, colored pigment, and a non-greasy binder creates a dry media known as

Back 21

pastel

Front 22

The word ________ describes the materials and the process that artists use in their paintings, sculptures, ceramics and glassware.

Back 22

medium

Front 23

Charcoal, because of its tendency to smudge easily, was primarily used during the Renaissance for _________.

Back 23

sinopie

Front 24

basic printmaking processes: relief

Back 24

any process in which any area of the plate not to be printed is carved away, leaving only the original surface to be printed

Front 25

basic printmaking processes: intaglio

Back 25

any form of printmaking in which the line is incised into the surface of the printing plate, including aquatint, drypoint, etching, engraving, and mezzotint

Front 26

basic printmaking processes: lithography

Back 26

a printmaking process in which a polished stone, often limestone, is drawn upon with a greasy material, the surface is moistened and then inked, the ink only sticks to the greasy lines of the drawing, and the design is tansferred to a moistened paper usually on a printing press

Front 27

basic printmaking processes: silkscreen

Back 27

a stencil printmaking process in which the image is transferred to paper by forcing ink through a mesh; areas not meant to be printed are blocked out

Front 28

basic printmaking processes: monotype

Back 28

a printmaking process in which only one impression results. in a top layer of paint is over a bottom layer of paint, when printed, the bottom layer will be the top and vise versa

Front 29

elements of art

Back 29

line, shape, space, color, texture

Front 30

principles of design

Back 30

unity, emphasis, balance, contrast, proportion, movement, variety, rhythm

Front 31

content

Back 31

the meaning of an image, beyond its overt subject matter, as opposed to form

Front 32

woodcut

Back 32

relief process in which a wooden block is carved so that those parts not intended to print are cut away, leaving the design raised

Front 33

If an artist pushes the point of a burin across a metal plate, forcing the metal up in slivers in front of the burin, it is an intaglio process called

Back 33

engraving

Front 34

In the process of drypoint, why is it unusual to find an edition number higher than 25?

Back 34

the burrs which hold the ink wear down after 25 prints

Front 35

________ is the process which assures that the colors of a woodcut print will align perfectly.

Back 35

registration

Front 36

_________ is an intaglio technique that creates tonal areas of light and dark instead of relying upon line.

Back 36

aquatint

Front 37

________ is the process where the printing surface is completely flat.

Back 37

lithography

Front 38

The earliest type of printmaking became very refined in the late nineteenth century in a process called __________.

Back 38

wood engraving

Front 39

In aquatint,_________ adheres the resin to the plate.

Back 39

heat

Front 40

encaustic

Back 40

A method of painting with molten beeswax fused to the support after application by means of heat

Front 41

fresco (buon fresco and fresco secco

Back 41

pigment is mixed with a limeater and then applied to a lime plaster wall
(buon=wet) (secco=dry)

Front 42

tempera

Back 42

A painting medium made by combining water, pigment, and, usually, egg yolk

Front 43

watercolor

Back 43

A painting medium consisting of pigments suspended in a solution of water and gum arabic

Front 44

gouache

Back 44

watercolor mixed with chinese white chalk (colors display light reflecting brillance, difficult to blend brush strokes)

Front 45

mimesis

Back 45

The concept of imitation, involving the creation of representations that transcend or exceed mere appearance by implying the sacred or spiritual essence of things

Front 46

trompe l'oeil

Back 46

A form of representation that attempts to depict the object as if it were actually present before the eye in three-dimensional space; literally "eye-fooling"

Front 47

denotation

Back 47

The direct or literal meaning of an image, as distinguished from its connotations

Front 48

connotation

Back 48

The meaning associated with or implied by an image, as distinguished from its denotation

Front 49

________ is described as "—applying oil paint directly from the tube, with no thinner at all, to be molded and shaped to create three-dimensional surfaces."

Back 49

impasto

Front 50

high (haut) relief

Back 50

A sculpture in which the figures and objects remain attached to a background plane and project off of it by at least half their normal depth

Front 51

low (bas) relief

Back 51

A sculpture in which the figures and objects remain attached to a background plane and project off of it by less than one-half their normal depth

Front 52

ponderation

Back 52

The principle of the weight shift, in which the relaxation of one leg serves to create a greater sense of naturalism in the figure

Front 53

Which type of ceramics is fired at very high temperatures and gains a glossy shine after firing?

Back 53

porcelain

Front 54

One of the most important results of mixed media has been to ________ what might be called “the space of art.”

Back 54

extend

Front 55

The art and design style characterized by undulating, curvilinear, and organic forms that dominated popular culture at the turn of the century, and that achieved particular success at the 1900 International Exposition in Paris

Back 55

Art Nonveau

Front 56

A popular art and design style of the 1920s and 1930s associated with the 1925 Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes in Paris and characterized by its integration of organic and geometric forms

Back 56

Art Deco

Front 57

Historically, "crafts" have been produced to provide a specific _________ need.

Back 57

utilitarian

Front 58

Wedgwood’s crowning achievement was his replication of the famous _________.

Back 58

Partland Vase

Front 59

An American architect who felt compelled to design furniture to match the interiors of his houses was _________.

Back 59

Frank Lloyd Wright

Front 60

Le Corbusier made a very famous declarative statement about modern architecture when he said, "The house _________."

Back 60

is a machine for living

Front 61

Le Corbusier made a very famous declarative statement about modern architecture when he said, "The house _________."

Back 61

Charles Eames and Eero Saarinen

Front 62

Historically, "crafts" have been produced to provide a specific _________ need.

Back 62

utilitarian

Front 63

Wedgwood’s crowning achievement was his replication of the famous _________.

Back 63

Partland Vase

Front 64

An American architect who felt compelled to design furniture to match the interiors of his houses was _________.

Back 64

Frank Lloyd Wright

Front 65

Le Corbusier made a very famous declarative statement about modern architecture when he said, "The house _________."

Back 65

is a machine for living

Front 66

Le Corbusier made a very famous declarative statement about modern architecture when he said, "The house _________."

Back 66

Charles Eames and Eero Saarinen