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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ancient Egyptian conventions
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highly stylized,
religious and focused on the dead- meant to provide company to the dead. symbols, order composite pose (showing bodies in profile with head straight forward) monumental works |
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1.7: Woman of Willendorf (c. 24,000 BCE)
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subject: Woman made of limestone. Subtractive & miniature 4 ¾”
distorition of proportion symbolic of health and fertility-style: wide hips, vulva is exposed, large breasts, conventions of its representative artistic movement: Prehistoric art. Driving force behind prehistoric art→spirituality. relevant key terms: stylized, curvilinear line, closed form, subtractive (and uses the natural curvature for the belly button),in the round prehistoric miniature stone figurine, from Austria implied texture=soft, pillowy. Actual: rough hard, dimples in her knees ad rear. |
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3.9: Mankaure and a Queen (2490-2472 BCE)
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subject: subtractive sculpture made from greywacke
style: pharaoh context: created to show power of ruler and religion of culture. Politically had dynasties different families took over so had to be portrayed as powerful. conventions of its representative movement: Egyptian. Rigidity of figures stiff and geometric linear in line with the highly regulated hierarchical structure of ancient Egypt. Conformity to rules and conventions. Male looks hard- her softness makes him look harder kilt/headdress/false beard/ half nude (conventions of Egyptian art) used to show he’s pharoah Woman has soft curvature of her body, feminine to make him look more masculine. Idealized (youthful) bc your soul will go into it. Physically connected to stone and each other to show unity stylized, geometric life-size youth, athleticism, and traditional royal clothing |
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5.31: Parthenon (447-432 BCE)
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Greek orders, doric on outside
ionic on inside made of marble by perikles. With relief scultures decorating it classical Greece- monumental, relief sculptures of Athena and battle scenes- overall composition: Classical- unity, balance, repetition- important to classical Greek art. In this was Athena→ Classical and classical Sense of permanence, |
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Spear Bearer / Doryphoros, Polykleitos (c. 450-440 BCE)
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Greek classical and Classical period (as opposed to Hellenistic)
Classical= counter pose- (one knee locked, the other leg bent), stoic face, male nudity CANONICAL- took best parts from different models & combined them into one man that’s our cannon (book of rules) . Context: glory, defeated the Persians- won and felt so good about themselves created Perfect man. naturalistic, athletic bodies. Rhythmos: symettria: body responds to movement. In the art of the High Classical period, symmetria, encompassed a sense of proportion and balance and an exercise in contrasts. Contraposto weight rests on his right leg, freeing his left leg to bend. In the process the right hip shifts up and the left down; the left shoulder raises and the right drops. |
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Augustus of Primaporta (early 1st Century CE)
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classical ROMAN using Classical greek style –looking back at Classical Greece- copying those conventions- counter pose
Octavian becomes ruler at a young age, end of the republic, beginning of the Empire republic is replaced by emperial Rome & chooses not to use veristic style and harkens back to Classical Greek style. Naturalistic, monumental, Romanitas- ideals that inspired roman empire- what I meant to be roman and live in imperial times- its an idea Cupid on a dolphin-aligning himself with the gods Relief sculpture rhythmos, symettria, |
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Colosseum / Flavian Amphitheater (70-80 CE)
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Roman art
CONCRETE-cheap labor Rounded arches allow you to take weight and concrete at the bottom is heavier than concrete at the top (rocks are at the bottom), balanced repeated artistic element Has Barral vaults build over Nero’s garden public arena for where gladiators- I’m building this for you so worship me and love me Greek orders: greek conventions columns, arches….saw themselves as inheritors of ancient Greece that they conquered. Doric-bottom, ionic-middle, Corinthian-top |
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Hinged Clasp (early 7th century CE)
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HIberno-saxon medieval culture
Conventions: curvilinear lines, patterning, animal imagery (snakes, and boars) stylized, wearer takes on connotations you would make from a wild boar. Found in a burial ship So different from Romanesque Inlayed glass Celtic,- knots, British isles art UK |
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Chartres Cathedral (c. 1194 CE)
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classical Romanesque style (has rounded) and Gothic style (pointed) influences on towers from overall it is a Gothic work…decorative, flying buttresses, (not barrel vaults) ribbed vaulting, monumentality- pointed arches. Stained glass-tree of jessse-descendants leading up to Jesus- didactic imagery
relief sculpture on doorways- didactic imagery- bc they cant read teaching about bible/morality. STONE masonry (no concrete) Relic- Mary’s robe mantel of virgin Mary |
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School of Athens, Raphael (c. 1510-1511 CE
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Italian renaissance-
Conventions : fresco- painted onto wet plaster-dried & becomes piece of the wall. Commisioned in the Vatican (but secular) classical figures with conventional figures Plato and Aristotle- classical figures in the italian renaissance Michelangelo is painted into work Raphael makes self portrait of self Coifered, barrel vaulted cieling. Sculptures depicting Greek gods (bc Greek inspired) Contraposto- musculature- idealization of wise man Deep space |
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David, Michelangelo (1501-1504 CE)
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Renaissance, Italy= means rebirth of Greek and roman classical antiquity (art and also cultural-humanism)
Contrapasto- one locked the other bent (classical time= counterpoise) Humanism=cultural looks back to the classical past-rediscover texts, use Naturalistic, idealized, Nude Monumental 17 ft. floor bc meant to be placed on Florence cathedral actually went to Nor proportional. Hands/face are larger-long legs Shepard boy that takes down a giant- you’d vote for giant goliath-David is the symbol of the underdog who fights and is triumphant city states- constantly trying to take each other over- long beach take over seal Florence-philosophers don’t know how to fight, not militaristic…they adopt David bc he’s the underdog BUT he’s triumphant in the end. Unlikely hero-secular symbol- interest in science, humanity-humanistm- driving force in Renaissance, looking back to man. Using many male models muscular system Stoic face taking from Classical Greek ideal Before the battle- looking out and challenging Goliath- just like Florence would challenge city states is they tried to come over. |
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composite pose
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rigid stance Composite pose- Egyptian- stylized (sacrifices naturalism to show everypart of human body)
movement: Egyptian Art example: Palette of Narmer (c. 2950), Stele of Naram-Sin (2254-2218 BCE) |
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hieratic scale:
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representing the sizes of things according to their importance, rather than how they would appear in reality. Relative size indicated relative importance.
movement: ancient world. Ancient Near east (or Egyptian?) example: Palette of Narmer (c. 2950), Stele of Naram-Sin (2254-2218 BCE) |
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Greek orders
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systems of proportions
Doric (simple), Ionic (scrolls), Corinthian (leaves) movement: Greek art example: Kallikrates and Iktinos, Parthenon (447-432 BCE) |
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classical
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pertaining to anything from ancient Greece and Rome
movement: ancient Greek and ancient Roman art example: Augustus of Primaporta (early 1st Century CE) and AND Spear Bearer / Doryphoros, Polykleitos (c. 450-440 BCE) |
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Romanitas
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what it means to be Roman. Man as a citizen/soldier/farmer, dedication to Rome- patriotism.
movement: Roman art example: Augustus of Primaporta (early 1st Century CE) |
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verism
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realism from latin word verus= truth. Artists concern themselves with articulate likeness to individual details on the human head, warts and all.
movement: Roman art example: Patrician Carrying Portrait of Two Ancestors (1st C BCE of 1st Century) |
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vault
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An arched masonry structure of an arrangement of arches that spans an interior space, usually forming a ceiling or roof.
movement: Medieval art; Romanesque example: Chartes Cathedral |
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flying buttress
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Arched bridge above the aisle roof that extends from the upper nave wall, where the lateral thrust of the main vault is greatest, down the wall.
movement: Medieval Art: Gothic example: Chartes Cathedral |
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Humanism:
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Cultural and intellectual movement of the Italian renaissance that emphasizes importance of the individual and the rediscovery and study of things from the classical past
movement: Renaissance example: School of Athens |
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contrapposto
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An Italian term meaning “set against” used to describe the pose that results from setting parts of the body in opposition to each other around a central axis.
movement:Renaissance example: David, Michelangelo |
