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106 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Scott Tyler
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American Freedom vs. Freedom of Speech
Ex. American Flag on the ground |
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retrospective
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looking back at an artists career
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3 types of art destruction
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1. Willful destruction
2. Unintentional destruction 3. By nature |
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4 cases of art destruction
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1. Mondreon- guy throwing up
2. Pieta- attacked with hammer 3. David- attacked with hammer 4. The Arc- Cut by Federal workers |
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iconoclasm
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image breaking/destruction
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graphic
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a picture used specifically for illustrating
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graphic design
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commercial art with intention to buy a product, combines images and text, also used to covey a message quickly
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logo
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visually represents a company
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typeface
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Font
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layout
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the blueprint or design
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illustrations
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can be drawn, painted, or digitally created
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comic books
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had a story, combined text and illustrations, American version in 1930's
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graphic novels
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in 1980's, longer story, intended for a mature audience
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Arkham Asylum
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Hard back graphic novel, combined text and oil paintings
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factors that increased graphic design
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1. Printing press
2. Industrial Revolution 3. Revolution in travel and communication |
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function
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purpose of a work
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additive process
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material is added as the artist works
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clay
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earthen substance found everywhere, usually used for modeling
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kiln
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fireplace to bake clay
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terra cotta
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baked clay
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assembling
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individual pieces are attached
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maquette
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a clay study for a work in another material
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found objects
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artist has scavenged these items
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casting
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usually with bronze, can be poured into a mold
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patina
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surface on a metal that oxides
Ex. Bronze |
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low wax casting
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involves a mold that is destroyed afterward
Ex. Perseus |
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subtractive process
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artist removes material as he works
Ex. wood and marble |
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self supporting material =
non-self supporting material = |
Bronze
Marble |
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freestanding or In the Round
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must walk around the piece to get full view
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relief sculpture
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is not sculpted on all sides, 1 primary view
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low relief
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image projects slightly
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high relief
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image projects half of its depth
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contrapposto
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relaxed stance that humans take in sculptures
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3 factors of environmental sculpture
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1. goes outside
2. large enough to create its own environment 3. part of the landscape |
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earth art
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part of the earth
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Christo and Jeanne-Cleaude
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site specific work and all work was temporary
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crafts
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made to be used, functional
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earthen ware
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red or brown in color, lowest kiln temperature
Ex. Flower pot |
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glaze
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makes earthen ware waterproof
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stone ware
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brown or gray in color
Ex. Dinnerware |
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pinching
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first hollowing technique, use just your hands
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slab construction
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second hollowing technique, roll out the clay, cut it, score and wet it
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coiling
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last hollowing technique, pile one on top of another, produces very thin items
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extruder
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how coiling is done, makes snake like clay shapes
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potters wheel
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fastest way to hollow, vertical shaft which holds a disc that spins
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throwing
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a term potters use to say they are making something on a potters wheel
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glass
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most fragile, doesn't change chemical properties, can be heated indefinitely
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blowpipe
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dipped into molten glass, blows air and pushes bubble out
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stained glass
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glass and paint
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canes
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sheets of glass fitted together with strands of lead or copper
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armature
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custom made iron frame for a particular place in a building
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repousse
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cold hammering, doesn't require heat
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enamel
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adds color, pigment and powdered glass
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cloisonne
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raised areas of strips of metal filled with enamel
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fiber
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narrow strand of material, can be cotton, wool or silk
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weaving
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most common way to work with fiber
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warp
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set of vertical fibers held tight
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weft
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loose horizontal fibers
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tapestry
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the weft is freely manipulated, the back is finished
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embroidery
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colored yarn is sown into an existing fabric, back is NOT finished
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quilt
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sowing between layers connects front and back
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The Dinner Party
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triangle shape, equal representation, honored women
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architecture
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how space is defined
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shell system
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one building material provides structural support
Ex. brick and timber |
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skeleton and skin
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skeleton= supporting system, usually steel
skin= external material |
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tensile strength
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ability to span horizontal distances with minimal support
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load bearing construction
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simplest construction, stone and bricks
Ex. Pyramids of Giza |
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post and lintel
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vertical pieces
Ex. Stonehenge |
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1st Greek Order-Doric
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oldest, no base, wide shaft
Ex. Parthenon |
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2nd Greek Order- Ionic
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curled capital
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3rd Greek Order- Corinthian
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most decorative, most slender shaft
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optical refinements
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adjustments made to counteract optical illusions
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entasis
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when columns are wider in the center
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arch
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tension-pulls apart
compression-pushes back when the 2 combine the arch is stable |
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voussoirs
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wedge shaped stones that make up the curve
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key stone
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once in place, it balances tension and compression, very top stone
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barrel vault
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the arch is pulled through space, good for large interior spaces
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flying buttress
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support outside the structure, goes right to the ground
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dome
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half a hemisphere, sits on a drum (the wall that holds it up)
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crown
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top of the dome, thins as it gets higher
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coffers
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recessed panels, reduces the amount of material needed, reduces weight
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oculus
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opening in the rotunda, allows light to pass through
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portico
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deep porch attached to the building
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rotunda
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round building with a dome
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Hagia Sophia
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has a square bottom rather than a rectangular one
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pendentives
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triangles that hold the dome
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cast iron construction
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iron as main support
Ex. Crystal Palace, Eiffel Tower |
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balloon frame construction
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wood, timber, and nails for skeleton,
brick is the skin |
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steel
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blend of iron and carbon, strongest tensile strength
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steel frame construction
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skeleton is visible, incorporates classical art
Ex. Wainwright Building |
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International Style
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clean lines, lots of glass
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suspension bridges
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built on the idea of tension, pylons made of steel that go into water, cables and pylons made of steel
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Seagram Building
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built in the international style
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Postmodern architecture
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lines are irregular, layering of shapes, bright colors, has to be walked around completely
Ex. Team Disney Building |
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Domestic architecture
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where people live
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cantilever
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beam supported only at one end
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Frank Lloyd Wright
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organic, very open space, furniture is built in
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Rural Studio, Bryant House
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plaster, timber, and hay bales
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Environmental Design
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large scale planning to improve and control the aesthetic experience and functional qualities of the space we live
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ferroconcrete
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iron or steel rods within a structure
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geodesic domes
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bubbles with networks of rods, natural light can come in easily, can control climate
Ex. Epcot |
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artdecco
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geometric patterns, use of metals, very stylized
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green architecture
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sustainable development, provide for today's needs without compromising the needs of future generations
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Conde Nast Building
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insulated glass, UV protection, non toxic, 65% of scraps recycled, water recycling system
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Japan Pavilion
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100% recycled materials, 90% of this was paper
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Vietnam Memorial
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equal representation of soldiers
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