Arp Church History

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Council of Nicea

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325 AD
Covened under Constantine to settle the Arian controversy. Was the Son co-eternal with the father or the first created being. The nicean council arued for the co-eternality of the Son.

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Council of Chalcedon

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AD 451
Confirmed the two natures of Christ verses Christ having one nature. Through the Chalcedon creed affirmed that scripture declares Jesus to be truly God and truly man, with each nature remaining intact with the person of Jesus Christ.

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Reformation

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1517-1648
Martin Luther nailed 95 theses to the door of the wittenberg church. The initail goal was to reform the church from within, bringing back to the doctrines contained within scripture. The refusal of the church heiarchy to acknowledge corruption and false doctrine ked to reformers sperating themselves from the Catholic church.

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Counter reformation

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Began with the Council of Trent 1545
. It was the Roman Catholic’s response to the calls of reform. The council of Trent refuted all concerns presented by the protestants, upholding the structure of the church and its councils and attempting to add greater discipline within its own body.

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Heildelberg Catechism

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Elector Frederick III, commissioned the composition of a new Catechism for his territory. Zacharius Ursinus is commonly regarded as the catechism's principal author. The great Synod of Dort of 1618-1619, which adopted it as one of the Three Forms of Unity, together with the Belgic Confession and the Canons of Dort

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Second Helvetic Confession

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Written by Bullinger in 1562 and revised in 1564. It came to the notice of Elector Palatine Frederick III, who had it translated into German and published. It gained a favorable hold on the Swiss churches, who had found the First Confession too short and too Lutheran. It was adopted by the Reformed Church not only throughout Switzerland but in Scotland (1566), Hungary (1567), France (1571), Poland (1578), and next to the Heidelberg Catechism is the most generally recognized confession of the Reformed Church.

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Synod of Dort

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1618-1619 National synod of Holland. It was sought to deal with political intrigue as well as the arctles of the remonstrants. The Remonstrants opposed specific doctrines of the Belgic confession and teachings of Calvin and Beza. The synod wrote the Canons of Dort refuting the Remonstrants, and ordered them to cease from proclaiming them or ministering within the confines of the reformed church.

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Westminster assemby

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Brought together by the English parliament with the original goal of refining the 39 articles of the Anglican Church. The goal changed with the start of the civil war and the parliament’s signing of the solemn league and covenant. Oct. 12 1643 parliament told the divines to cease work on the 39 articles and form a framework for common church government for the United Kingdom. Church of Scotland approved the confession in 1647 and the English parliament approved in in 1648. With the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 the Standards were revoked in England. In Scotland it continued to be accepted within the Presbyterian Church.

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Pietism

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Pietism began in the 17th century within lutherianism. it was a reaction to what was percieved as dead orthodoxy. Phillip Jakob Spener is seen as the founder of the movement. Pietism stressed that Christianity was cheifly a changed heart and a holy life stemming from a changed heart. It has had a significant influence within protestantism, especially evangelicalism.

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Great Awakening

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1730's-1743
A time of vast church growth within the 13 colonies. George Whitfield, Gilbert Tennent and Jonathan Edwards are regarded as prominent leaders.

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Old side-New side debate

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A presbyterian debate that was centered around the Great awakening. Beginning around 1737 the three issues were: ecclesiastical government-what authority did the synod have? itenerant preaching- could the pulpit be filled without the permission of the presbytery?; anddoctrine of convictions-what was the proof of conversion?. This led to a formal seperation from 1741-1758.

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Old school-New School Debate

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A debate stemming from the plan of union. The old school held to traditional Presbyterianism as defined they the WCF, while the new school supported the merger with congregationalists and revivialism.The split occured is 1837.