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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who were the first people to occupy Australia and when? |
50000 years ago by Anatomically modern humans Note:Anatomicallymodern humans have already expanded to multiple continents |
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What is the Pleistoceneépoque |
The epoque in whichtemperatureis lower and sea levels are lower… people could walk to Australia using Beringia |
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What were the three hypothesized pathways to Australia and New Guinea |
-Sahul - The land mass of "Greater Australia" including Australia proper, New Guinea, and Tasmania -Sunda - The combined land mass of the modern lands of Java, Sumatra, Bali and Borneo -Wallace Trench - an undersea chasm located between New Guinea/Australia and Java/Borneo |
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What are Petroglyphs |
- Carvings on stone surfaces |
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What is the significance of Lake Mungo? |
Male skeleton found, definitely an intentional burial : 40,000 years old |
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What is Beringia? |
Northeast Asia and Northwest North America, was exposed during periods of lowered sea level, expansion of glacial ice during the Pleistocene |
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What is the extent of Glaciaton during the Upper Paleolithic? |
Most of North America and Europe were covered on ice and they were unable to migrate More extreme between the seasons |
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What is the PleistoceneMegafauna ? |
-Term commonly used to describe large, now extinct herbivores of the Pleistocene world - 34 large mammals that went extinct in his region - Climate change speculated to be the cause |
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What is a clovis? |
fluted point type of the paleoindians, leaf shaped stone blade |
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What is Clovis First? |
-Supporterssuggest that Clovis culture (13,500-12,500 years ago) -represents that initialhuman occupation of the Americas |
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What is Pre-Clovis? |
-Holds that human occupation of the Americas predates 13,500 years ago -A number of sites appear to pre-date Clovis including: Monte Verde, Chile Meadoweroft Rockshelter, Pennsylvania - 15,000-18,000 YA |
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What is Beringland bridge hypothesis |
-Beringia -Land bridge from Russia to Alaska due to glaciers, they crossed between the Mackenzie Corridor, which opened 15,000 to 25,000 years ago -Clovis people also travelled back and forth through this corridor |
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What is NorthAtlantic ice edge (Solutrean) |
ArchaeologistsStanford and Bradley proposed that rather coming from Asia, the earliestAmerican inhabitants could have came from Europe, specifically France andSpain. |
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What is the evidence for relationship between Asian andAboriginal populations |
-Physical characteristics such as dental morphology -DNA Analysis -Mitochondrial DNA and comparison of Y-chromosomes of living northeast Asian and New World populations show a shared genetic inheritance |
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Importance: Anzick Site- Montana |
-This 130,000 year old site has the only confirmed Clovis Burial -Clovis artifacts found lots of stone tools, Clovis points, red ochre - Found accidentally when construction workers were cutting sandstone in the region |
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When was Beringia exposed and open for travel? |
Span of existence: 35,000-11,000years ago |
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When was eastern Siberia first inhabited? |
No more than about 20,000 years ago |
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Define haplogroup |
group of genes in an organism that are inherited together from a single paren |
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What is Folsom |
-spear point, similar to clovis but much longer -point is broader - Associated to bison -dates to 11,000 -10, 000 years ago |
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Earliest Arctic site: When were these sites dated -SK (Sapochnaya Karya) - Mammoth Site -Mamontovaya Kurya Site -Yana RHS Site - |
-SK (Sapochnaya Karya) - Mammoth Site - 45,000 ya - Mamontovaya Kurya Site - 40,000 ya - Yana RHS Site - 32,000 ya |
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Who is the KennewickMan |
-9,300 year old skeletal remains from Washington State -Another skeleton was also found that is 13,600 ya from Yucatan, Mexico (Earliest skeleton) |
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What is Native American Grave Protection RepatriationAct (NAGPRA) |
Law which requires that materials must be returned to owners after excavated They are still able to do scientific research on the material but must be returned |
