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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anthropology
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The study of humans
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Biological/Physical Anthropology
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Study of bones, forensics- A subdiscipline of anthropology dealing with the study of human biological or physical characteristics and their evolution
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Cultural/Social Anthropology
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Study of living people
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Ethnography
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studying living cultures singular (1 group in one place)
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Ethnology
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The comparative study of living cultures (plural)
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Archaeology
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The past tense of cultural anthropology; studying dead humans; the study of the past through its material culture
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Linguistics
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Studying human language to understand human culture (if under anthropology) Sometimes not under anthropology
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Material Culture
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The buildings, tools, and other artifacts that constitute the material remains of former societies.
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Ethnoarchaeology
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Doing cultural archaeology with the past in mind
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Three Age System
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Developed by the Danish scholar, C.J. Thomsen in 1836; Stone Bronze and Iron Ages; first attempt to organize thing into sequences; important because it established the idea of classifying things
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Typology
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Arranging artifacts in chronological or developmental sequences
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Direct Historical Approach
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Used to describe historical change; trying to trace a modern phenomenon directly into the past; works well with pottery
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Assemblage
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A collection of artifacts; soon understood that an assmblage defines a group of people
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Cultural Ecology
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Study of ways in which adaptation to the enviroment could cause cultural change
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New Archaeology
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Started in the 1960's; a turning point in archaeology; key concepts- explanatory v. descriptive, focus on cultural process v. cultural history, deductive v. inductive, testing v. authority, project design v. data accumulation, quantative v. simply qualitative, optimism v pessimism. Critique- jargony, scientistic- doing faux science
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Salvage Archaeology
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Prevents destruction by developers; the location and recording (usually through excavation) of archaeological sites in advance of highway construction, drainage projects or urban devlopments
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Postprocessual/Interpretive Archaeology
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Developed out of wider social and philosophical fields; no single, correct way to interpret stuff, objectivity is impossible; interest in cognition and religion; interest in the individual (people of the lower class, etc.)
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Androcentrism
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Man oriented
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