Arc 130 Test 1

Front 1

The primary purpose of the building code is to

Back 1

make the public safe.

Front 2

What is ASTM and what do they do?

Back 2

The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is a globally recognized leader in the development and delivery of international voluntary consensus standards. They improved product quality, enhance safety, facilitate market access and trade, and build consumer confidence.

Front 3

How does the ADA affect the construction process?

Back 3

Americans with Disability Act is not an organization, it is a law that set requirements for structures for folks with disabilities.

Front 4

What is sustainability?

Back 4

Sustainability is the practice of designing, constructing, operating, maintaining, and deconstructing buildings and sites to minimize the impact on the opportunity for future generations to have the same or a better quality of life.

Front 5

Area is always in units of

Back 5

length squared

Front 6

Construction project specifications are typically written in a format that follows the template known as

Back 6

Masterformat

Front 7

Why is 1/27 the conversion factor ft 3 to yards 3?

Back 7

3 ft = 1 yd. 9 ft2 = 1 yd2. 27 ft3 = 1 yd 3. So, to convert cubic feet into cubic yard, divide the number of cubic feet you have by 27.

Front 8

What type of organizations are ANSI and UL?

Back 8

American National Standards Institute (ANSI) does a lot of standard variety. Underwriters Laboratories (UL) is a private organization but it is not a non-profit organization.

Front 9

Zoning departments primarily

Back 9

tell what you can and cannot do on a piece of property.

Front 10

What do we mean by nominal dimensions?

Back 10

Nominal basically means approximate, not exact.

Front 11

Masterformat has how many divisions.

Back 11

Prior to 2004 there were 16 divisions, after 2004 there were 50 divisions with 15 reserved (for expansion).

Front 12

Specifications documents and construction drawings are considered to be

Back 12

legal documents

Front 13

What is LEEDs?

Back 13

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is an internationally recognized certification system developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) to designate buildings that are notable for stewardship of resources and for sensitivity to the structure's impacts. LEED's is the acronym for a green building certification system.

Front 14

What is the USGBC and what do they do?

Back 14

United States Green Building Council (USGBC) is the largest certifying organization that develops the content of the LEED rating systems.

Front 15

WWPA, Western Wood Products Association is an example of a

Back 15

Trade (Industrial) Associations

Front 16

What is CSI an what do they do?

Back 16

Construction Standards Institute (CSI) is an organization that maintains and advances the standardization of construction language as pertains to building specifications. CSI published and maintained Masterformat.

Front 17

give two reasons that are used to justify applying sustainability to the construction industry.

Back 17

To minimize the impact on the opportunity for our future generations to have the same or a better quality of life than we do. Justified by economic means.

Front 18

Why are standards important?

Back 18

Improve quality, improve safety, help U.S. companies compete, and level the playing field.

Front 19

What is OSHA and what do they do?

Back 19

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) typically worried about the safety of workers on job sight.

Front 20

Give and explain two benefits of having standards.

Back 20

More widely understood form of environmental policy, a pragmatic approach when there is uncertainty about the effects of pollution on the environment, and political costs of standards are lower compared to market based instruments such as taxes and subsidies as setting standards does not incur direct budgetary implications.

Front 21

Volume is always going to be a length cubed or squared? Explain.

Back 21

Volume measurements are always in the units of some length cubed because that is part of the definition of areas and volumes. Volumes can't have one or two dimension.

Front 22

How do insurance companies affect the construction process?

Back 22

If they are going to insure the structure that is the result of the construction project, they are not going to insure it unless they made certain requirements. Set rules to get their service.

Front 23

What is the EPA and what do they do?

Back 23

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) involves in hazardous materials during construction process.

Front 24

What are five areas that the LEEDs certification for green buildings focuses on?

Back 24

1.) the choice of sustainable sites and managing the site during construction. 2.) water efficiency. 3.) energy and atmosphere. 4.) materials and resources. 5.) indoor environmental quality.

Front 25

What is a board foot?

Back 25

"Board feet" is a volume measurement of wood.

Front 26

Volume measurements are always

Back 26

in the units of some length cubed.

Front 27

Yards are used when

Back 27

dealing with volumes of concrete.

Front 28

Penny is the unit for

Back 28

nails

Front 29

What is OSB?

Back 29

OSB (oriented strand board) is manufactured from rectangular shaped wood strands that are oriented length-wise and then arranged in layers at right-angles to one another, laid up into mats, and bonded together with waterproof, heat-cured adhesives.

Front 30

What is glulam?

Back 30

Glulam, glued laminated timber, is a highly innovative and versatile construction material with many end uses.

Front 31

The first engineered wood product is generally considered to be

Back 31

plywood

Front 32

What is laminated veneer lumber?

Back 32

Laminated veneer lumber is an engineered wood product created by bonding layers of dried and graded wood veneers with waterproof adhesive into blocks of material known as billets.

Front 33

An engineered wood product is typically

Back 33

smaller pieces of wood to make something larger

Front 34

What is a wood I-joist?

Back 34

I-joists are "I" - shaped engineered wood structural members designed for use in floor and roof construction. Wood I-joists are composed of a web and 2 flanges.

Front 35

What is a rim board?

Back 35

Rim board is a specially designed component that is engineered to work in concert with wood I-joists to deliver a complete engineered wood framing solution.

Front 36

Why are engineered wood products generally agreed to be a "green" product?

Back 36

Engineered wood maximizes the resources of a naturally renewable building material.

Front 37

What is plywood?

Back 37

Plywood is manufactured from thin sheets of cross-laminated veneer and bonded under heat and pressure with durable, waterproof adhesives. It is typically composed of layers of veneer alternated in direction.

Front 38

What is a wood structural panel product?

Back 38

Wood structural panel product is both plywood and oriented strand board.

Front 39

S-Dry means

Back 39

surfaced dry

Front 40

S-Grn means

Back 40

unseasoned condition

Front 41

MC-15 means

Back 41

15 percent maximum moisture content (KD). MC-15 lumber is produced to the same standard size as S-Dry.

Front 42

Nominal size is

Back 42

larger than actual size

Front 43

What is toe nailing?

Back 43

Nails are driven at a 30-angle (approximately) to the stud.

Front 44

What is balloon framing?

Back 44

Balloon framing is a form of building in which the wall studs start at the foundation and go all the way up through the second floor and stop at the top plates that support the roof.

Front 45

What is platform framing?

Back 45

Platform framing is where a floor platform is built first and walls are built to make the first floor walls and another platform is built to begin the second floor then the 2nd floor walls are built upon this platform on the roof.

Front 46

What is firestopping?

Back 46

Firestopping is a sealant used to prevent heat, smoke, and flames from passing through a wall or duct penetration. It is usually found around duct and conduits that have been installed through fire rated walls and ducts.

Front 47

In conventional framing what is normal stud spacing in exterior walls?

Back 47

Stud spacing is normally 16 inches in exterior walls, although 24-inch spacing of 2x4 studs is acceptable in one-story buildings if wall sheathing or siding is of adequate thickness to bridge across studs. In three-story buildings studs in the bottom story are at least nominal 3x4 or 2x6 inches and may not exceed 16-inch spacing.

Front 48

What is a vapor retarder used for?

Back 48

Vapor retardant film prevents moisture vapor from moving through the insulated wall and condensing on the backside of sheathing and siding. Such condensation greatly reduces the effectiveness of insulation and causes failures of exterior paints and finishes.

Front 49

What is heartwood?

Back 49

Heartwood is the dense inner part of a tree trunk, yielding the hardest timber.

Front 50

What does quartersawn mean?

Back 50

Quartersawn is a method of cutting log with higher quality.

Front 51

What is the difference between renewable and recyclable?

Back 51

Renewable means that the resource providing the material can be managed in such a way as to ensure a continuous supply for generations to come. Recyclable means that the material can be salvaged from its previous use and after some additional processing be reused in again.

Front 52

What type of trees do softwoods and hardwoods come from?

Back 52

Hardwoods are slower growing, produce harder/tougher/denser wood, and have a more complex micro-structure. Softwoods come from coniferous trees, and hardwoods come from broadleaved trees.

Front 53

What are 5 useful wood characteristics?

Back 53

1.) One of the few truly renewable building materials that exist.
2.) Recyclable.
3.) Comes in a wide variety of species providing a wide variety of characteristics, which satisfy varied aesthetic and functional needs.
4.) On a per unit weight basis is very strong.
5.) Easily worked into a variety of useable shapes and engineered products.

Front 54

What are three troublesome wood characteristics?

Back 54

1. Prone to damage by insects.
2. Prone to decay by moisture.
3. Expands and contracts due to moisture content changes.

Front 55

Explain what a tensile stress is.

Back 55

A tensile stress is created when the loads applied attempt to pull the structural component apart.The loads are perpendicular to the cross sectional area of the structural component.

Front 56

Explain what a shear stress is.

Back 56

Shear stress is created when the loads applied attempt to separate the structural component along its cross section. The loads are not perpendicular to the cross sectional area.

Front 57

Explain what a compressive stress is.

Back 57

Compressive stress is created when the loads applied attempt to push the structural component together. These loads are perpendicular to the cross sectional area of the structural components.

Front 58

Why does bending created a complicated stress situation?

Back 58

Bending stress can cause the beam to deflect downward at the middle where the load is.

Front 59

Compare plain sawn versus quarter sawn wood.

Back 59

Plain sawing maximizes the number of boards that can be cut from a given log, while quarter sawn wood boards are typically of higher quality.

Front 60

Explain what a dead load is.

Back 60

Dead loads are the weigh of the structure itself and any more or less permanently attached objects. Floor kitchen cabinets would be considered a dead load on the floor joist and the weight of the floor joist itself would be an additional dead load.

Front 61

Explain what a live load is.

Back 61

Live loads are the weight of people and objects that move around or are periodically moved around in the structure.

Front 62

What is the equation S = F/A use for?

Back 62

Stress = Applied Force / Cross Sectional Area. Affected by the Applied Force. The calculation for a basic tensile, compressive, or shear stress always involves taking the applied force and dividing it by the appropriate cross sectional area.

Front 63

What are 3 other loads applied to buildings other than dead and live?

Back 63

1.) Wind loads are the forces applied on a structural surface when moving air impacts the surface.
2.) Hydrostatic loads are the forces applied by water or materials that have fluid like consistency such as mud.
3.) Snow loads are loads produced by snow accumulating on an exposed surface such as a roof.

Front 64

Dimensioned lumber is

Back 64

nominally 2 inches thick by 2 inches wide or wider

Front 65

Dimensioned lumber is graded for quality

Back 65

possibly by either method above

Front 66

Grade stamps are placed on lumber primarily for

Back 66

quality issues

Front 67

Nominal size is

Back 67

larger than actual size

Front 68

The mill number on a grade stamp is there for

Back 68

traceability

Front 69

The wood species type is

Back 69

always included on a grade stamp

Front 70

On a grade stamp moisture content is

Back 70

always included

Front 71

Air drying fresh cut lumber instead of kiln drying it would

Back 71

reduce the embodied energy of the lumber

Front 72

Calculating the embodied energy of a building material is

Back 72

a process resulting in inaccurate results.

Front 73

Calculating the embodied energy of a building material requires

Back 73

a long term view

Front 74

Choosing building materials based on embodied energy is cut and dry and

Back 74

does require common sense.

Front 75

Recycled building materials tend to have

Back 75

lower embodied energy

Front 76

The energy required to dispose of a building material at the end of its useful life

Back 76

does contribute to its embodied energy.

Front 77

Two structures that are identical, one in Virginia and one in Maine will have

Back 77

identical total embodied energies

Front 78

Using locally produced building materials help

Back 78

lower the total embodied energy of a structure.

Front 79

Wood/timber typically has a

Back 79

lesser impact on the total embodied energy of a structure than concrete does.

Front 80

All of the FSC principles were

Back 80

ratified at separate time.

Front 81

Based on their principles the FSC is concerned about

Back 81

1. erosion due to forest harvesting
2. forest workers rights
3. exotic species

Front 82

FSC principles are concerned about

Back 82

the affects of forest management on society

Front 83

FSC principles promote

Back 83

non-chemical pest management

Front 84

FSC principles want

Back 84

research and data collection

Front 85

The FSC believes that

Back 85

public awareness is a driving force behind the need for the type of certification FSC promotes.

Front 86

The FSC principles are also concerned with

Back 86

the compensation of indigenous people

Front 87

The FSC principles concentrate on

Back 87

forest management and do involve wildlife such as fisheries.

Front 88

The FSC principles require certified forest owners to

Back 88

abide by all local laws.

Front 89

The FSC does not

Back 89

supports the conversion of natural forests to plantations

Front 90

A calculation of embodied energy of a building material might include

Back 90

1. the energy required to extract the raw material
2. the energy required to process the raw material into a finished product
3. the energy required to transport the product

Front 91

Advanced Framing uses

Back 91

1. more insulation in the wall than typical framing
2. fewer studs in the wall compared to typical framing
3. 2 by 6 studs

Front 92

if rigid foam board insulation replaces plywood sheathing

Back 92

wall rigidity is weakened

Front 93

In Advanced Framing around rough openings metal clips are used to

Back 93

eliminate some studs

Front 94

In Advanced Framing drywall clips are

Back 94

used at the corners

Front 95

In Advanced Framing studs are spaced

Back 95

24 inches apart

Front 96

In Advanced Framing windows should be located on a

Back 96

2 ft layout

Front 97

In wall corner construction, Advanced Framing drops the number of studs used to

Back 97

2

Front 98

Rigid foam insulation in Advanced Wall Framing serves as

Back 98

a thermal break

Front 99

Stacking framing in Advanced Wall Framing means

Back 99

lining up wall studs with ceiling/floor supports

Front 100

The intent of Advanced Wall framing is to

Back 100

1. improve the energy efficiency of a framed wall
2. reduce the number of studs and other wood framing members in a framed wall
3. decrease the amount of thermal bridging in a framed wall

Front 101

The number of sill (bottom) plates used in Advanced Framing is

Back 101

1 sill plate

Front 102

The number of top plates used in a wall with advanced framing is

Back 102

1 top plate

Front 103

Wood is

Back 103

not a good insulator. Wood is a thermal bridge

Front 104

Lumber is considered to be dry when it reaches

Back 104

19% moisture content

Front 105

A glulam beam is made up of

Back 105

glued boards

Front 106

What are some examples of an engineered wood product?

Back 106

1. wood I joist
2. wood truss
3. laminated veneer lumber

Front 107

Dimensioned lumber is graded for quality

Back 107

1. visually by inspectors
2. by machine

Front 108

Sustainability in construction should apply to

Back 108

1. building design and actual construction
2. building operation and maintenance
3. building deconstruction