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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the closest ancestor to modern fish?
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Actinoptergyii
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Two type of muscle in fish and purposes?
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White muscle found in higher quantities for fast movement, Red for slow swimming found in low quantities.
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Define Diadromous?
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fish that move between fresh and sea water
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Define Anadromous?
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live in sea, breed in freshwater
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Define Catadromous?
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live in freshwater, breed in the sea
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The two largest ice shelves in Antarctica
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Ronne-Filchner ice shelf and the Ross ice shelf.
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How does the cold environment support life?
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Low biodiversity but high abundance.
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Toothed whales include?
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Beluga, narwhal and minkees
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Top coping mechanisms for the cold?
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Insulation, Avoidance and antifreeze.
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Define convergent evolution.
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Similar environments which select similar traits.
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Two types of seal classification?
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Otarlidae eared seals with flippers that resemble limbds, more movement on land. Phocidae or earless rear limbs tail like with no land movement and swim with whole body.
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Whale types.
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Toothed whales that eat larger things include killer whales, Baleen whales which feed on lots of small organisms and the teeth like structure filters the water.
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How organisms adapt to staying underwater.
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High concentration of myoglobin, slow heart rate, collapse lungs, SA:R.
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Temperature adaptation to the cold?
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thick fur able to trap air, blubber for insulation, low SA:V, control blood flow to extremities.
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Define mutualism, commensalism and parasitism.
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mutualism is when both organisms benefit, commensalism is when one organism benefits but does not harm the other and parasitism is when when organism harms the other.
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Obligate mutualism
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species cannot live without its partner species
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Facultative mutualism
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relationship is not essential for either species.
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Diffuse mutualism
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associations exist between multiple alternate species
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Symbiogenesis hypothesis
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the formation of a new organism from the merger of more than one organisms (mitochondria, chloroplast)
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Corals can only go to the depth of?
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70M
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Holoplankton
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animals and plants that live their entire lives as plankton
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Meroplankton
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animals and plants that live a stage of their life as plankton
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