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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define the term structural formula.
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Shows the unique arrangement of atoms in a molecule in a simplified form, without showing all the bonds.
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Define the carbon bond in alkanes and alkenes?
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> -enes have a double carbon bond,
> -anes do not |
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Define how many carbons are in alkanes and alkenes?
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>MEPB
1C = Meth 2C = Eth 3C = Prop 4C = But 5C = Pent 6C = Hex 7C = Hep 8C = Oct 9C = Non 10 = Dec |
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Define the prefixes used in organic chemistry to locate branches.
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Prefixes are added to describe changes that have been made to root molecule. yl = the branch
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Define the 4 suffixes used in organic chemistry.
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>Alcohols (-OH) = -ol as in methanol, CH3OH
>Aldehydes (-CHO) = -al as in ethanal CH3CHO >Ketones (-COR) = -one as in propanone CH3COCH3 >Carboxylic acids (-COOH) = -oic acid as in ethanoic acid CH3COOH |
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What is a functional group?
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An atom or group of atoms in an organic molecule that are responsible for the characteristic of that molecule.
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a) What separates numbers?
b) What separates words and numbers? |
a) Commas
b) Hyphens |
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Define an homologous series.
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A set of organic compounds with the same functional group. The compounds differ in the length of their hydrocarbon chains.
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What are structural isomers?
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Molecules that have the same molecular formula but whose atoms are arranged differently.
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What are the three ways in which structural isomerism can occur?
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>Positional isomerism - same functional group attached to main chain at different points
>Functional group isomerism - functional groups that are different >Chain isomerism - different arrangement of hydrocarbon chain (branching) |
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How do you find how many hydrogens make up a branched or unbranched alkene?
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2 x C.
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Define the prefixes learnt in college.
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F - fluoro
Cl - chloro Br - Bromo I - iodo di - two tri - three tetra - four |
