Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Achaemenid Empire |
-First Persian Empire -At peak: spanned from Egypt to India -Efficient Government -Created a cosmopolitan city of Persepolis -became standard for future Persian Empires |
|
|
Cyrus |
-Overthrew the Median Empire and started the Persian Empire -United the Persians into a powerful kingdom -Built an Empire Larger than any yet seen in the world -Ruled from 559 - 530 BCE |
|
|
Darius |
-divided the government into 20 provinces called satrapies (each ruled bu an official called a satrap) -built the city of Persepolis -3rd King of Persian Empire |
|
|
Persian Wars |
-Ionian (ancient region of central coastal Anatolia in present day Turkey) Greeks rebelled against their Persian governors -Major victories i\at the Battles of Marathon and Salamis for the Greek encouraged Greek city states to keep on fighting for 150 years -weakened the Achaemenid empire -Greeks won |
|
|
Zoroastrianism |
-Founder: Zoroaster -Believed that there was one supreme who was he creator of all things -taught that human had the freedom to choose between right and wrong -goodness will triumph in the end -forbade slavery so slavery was practically unheard of in the Persian Empire 1 |
|
|
Liu Bang |
-Formed the Han Dynasty after civil disorder brings down the Qin Dynasty |
|
|
Han Wudi |
-aka: The "Martial Emperor" -increased taxes to fund public works -establishes an imperial university (in order to help form an educated class for bureaucracy) -centralized government -period of rule referred to as Pax Sinica or Chinese Peace |
|
|
Yellow Turban Uprising |
-A major Chinese peasant revolt that began in 184 BCE -helped cause the fall of the Han dynastyt6 |
|
|
Ashoka Maurya |
-Maurya Ruler (Chandragupta's grandson) -Represents the high point of the Mauryan Empire -Expanded empire to include most of India -Buddhist advocate -inscribe administrative policies on rocks and pillars throughout the kingdom |
|
|
Mauryan Empire |
-Founder:Chandragupta Maurya -The first state to unify most of the Indian subcontinent |
|
|
Gupta Dynasty |
-Founded by Chandra Gupta -Smaller than Mauryan Empire - Decentralized leadership |
|
|
Caste system |
-Social Order -structure to society -Hinduisn -Buddhist and Jainist did not practice this |
|
|
Jainism |
- Vardhamana Mahavira left privileged life to lead an ascetic life -Emphasis on selfless living -Concern for all beings -Ahimsa: Extreme nonviolence -Rejected Caste system |
|
|
Bhagavad Gita |
-Indian scared literature -Conversation btw Krishna (vishnu) and arjuna |
|
|
Knosos |
-Sophisticated Society on island of Crete
- Minos , legendary king of ancient Crete - Palaces = Nerve Centers - Palace officials devised Linear A , written symbols -Syllables rather than words |
|
|
Mycenaeans |
Greek civilization created by Indo- Europeans that lasted from 1600- 1100 BCE, during which large palaces were made, wars fought, trade established; earthquakes and invaders caused it to finally collapsesignificance: beginnings of Greece, its fall led to the poleis |
|
|
Minoans |
-arose on the island of Crete i -used Linear A, an untranslated form of writing in which written symbols stood for syllables -the center of Mediterranean commerce between 2200 and 1450 BCE -received early influences from Phoenicia and Egypt - |
|
|
Delian League |
Athens became the leader of an alliance that discouraged further Persian actions in Greecemilitary and financial alliance among the Greek poleis against Persian threatwhen Persian threat subsided, the poleis, other than Athens, no longer wanted to make contributions
|
|
|
Peloponnesian War |
-War between Sparta and Athens -Athens surrendered in 404BCE |
|
|
Philip of Macedon |
-built a powerful military machine and became ruler of Macedon -bought Greece under his control by 33 BCE |
|
|
Alexander of Macedon (the Great) |
-Succeded Philip at 20 years old -controlled Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia by 331 BCE -Invaded Persian homeland and burned down Persepolis - |
|
|
Hellenistic Era |
-era when Greek cultural traditions expanded their influence beyond Greece |
|
|
Antigonid, Ptolemaic, and Seleucid Empires |
-Alexander's empire was divided into the Antigonid, Ptolemaic, and Seleucid empires
-Antigonus took Greece and Macedon, Ptolemy took Egypt, and Seleucus took Bactria to Anatolia -Antigonid and Seleucid empires lasted until the second century BCE; Ptolemaic empire until 31 BCE -Seleucid = largest Hellenistic empire |
|
|
Socrates |
-Athenian philosopher
-driven by an urge to understand human beings and human affairs - encouraged reflection on questions of ethics and morality "The unexamined life is not worth living.": |
|
|
Plato |
-the most zealous disciple of Socrates
-developed the theory of Forms or Ideas,- a world of ideal qualitiesthe world in which we live is an imperfect reflection of the world of |
|
|
Aristotle
|
-was Plato's student
- distrusted the theory of Forms or Ideas 0devised rules of logic to construct powerful argumentsbelieved that philosophers could rely on their senses to provide accurate information |
|
|
Etruscan |
-Lived in Italy 8th-5th centuries B.C.E.
-Probably from Anatolia (modern-day Turkey) -Built cities -Declined -Greeks attacked at sea -Gauls attacked on land |
|
|
Romulus and Remus
|
-Twins-Almost did not survive infancy because their evil uncle abandoned them by the flooded Tiber river expecting them to drown or die from exposure
-She-wolf found them and nursed them to health -In 753 BCE Romulus founded Rome and established himself as the first king |
|
|
Etruscans
|
-Italy underwent rapid political and economic development
-dynamic people who dominated much of Italy between the 8th and 5th centuries BCE -Migrated to Italy from Anatolia -Built thriving cities and established political and economic alliances between their settlements -Manufactured high-quality bronze and iron goods and worked gold and silver into jewelry-Etruscan merchants drew a large volume of traffic to Rome |
|
|
Pax Romana
|
-Within Roman boundaries, long era of peace-1st century C.E.
- middle of 3rd century C.E. -Facilitated trade and communication |
|
|
Stoicism |
philosophical system of the Stoics (person who can tolerate pain) following the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno |
|
|
plebeians |
common, lower class people; were mostly laborers, peasants, artisans, and shopkeepers; had to pay taxes and serve in Roman army |
|
|
Paterfamiliās |
Supreme head of the roman family. Typically the father. |
|
|
Patricians |
higher class citizens and came from a small group of wealthly landowners. |
|
|
Gracchi Brothers |
Two senators, Tiberius and Gaius Helped the landless poor by asking the council of Plebs to pass laws to take back land from the Patricians (Pisistratus) |
|
|
Punic Wars |
a series of wars between Rome and Carthage |
