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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vedas
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A Hindu holy book which is a collection of Aryan hymns that were transmitted orally before being written down in the 6th century BCE.
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Vishnu
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Hindu god called the Preserver. Vishnu is the second member of the triad that includes Brahma the Creator and Shiva the Destroyer.
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Wheel of Life
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important symbol of Buddhism. It represents the endless cycle of life through reincarnation.
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Yin and Yang
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Symbol used to illustrate the natural harmony that exists in the world. Everything must have an opposing force that allows the harmonious universe to exist.
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Torri
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The red gateway entrance to a Shinto shrine.
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tradition
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A long-established custom or belief.
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Tripitka
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The collection of religious writings by Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha.
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Untouchables
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Members of Hindu society thought to have been removed from the Caste System, with no hope of returning to it, due to their misdeeds in previous lives. Work that is deemed unclean for all other Hindus is reserved for these Outcasts. After winning its independence from Great Britain in 1947, India adopted a national constitution which stated that "Untouchability is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden." Since that time many Caste reforms have been enacted to diminish discriminatory practices in India.
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Upanishads
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Hindu holy book from the 8th century BCE.
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Torah
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The holy book of Judaism. It describes the creation of the world, the history of ancient Israel, the Ten Commandments, and contains the Psalms and the prophetic books.
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subcontinent
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Large area that is a separate part of a continent. The area encompassing India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh are considered to be a subcontinent of Asia.
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Talmud
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The collection of Jewish writings that is the basis of Jewish religious law.
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Taoism / Daoism
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The Chinese philosophy of Taoism (or Daoism) developed in the latter part of the Chou Dynasty, during a period of turmoil in which it was not clear that Chinese civilization would survive. It represents a naturalistic ideal of how one should live their life. The Chinese term Tao can be translated into English, meaning "the way." It is a philosophy which teaches that nature has a "way" in which it moves, and that people should passively accept the "way" of nature, rather than resist it.
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Tao-te-Ching
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Collected teachings of Chinese philosopher Lao Tze, the founder of Taoism/Daoism.
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Ten Commandments
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The ten laws given to Moses by God, according to the Bible.
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sacred
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Worthy of or regarded with religious worship, and/or respect.
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Samara
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In Hinduism, the term given to the endless cycle of birth, death, and rebirth.
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Shaman
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Somebody who communicates with the spiritual realms on behalf of the living. Seen in many Animistic types of belief systems.
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Shinto
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Shinto, which means "Way of the Gods," is the traditional religion of Japan that focuses on nature. Many consider Shinto to be a form of Animism due to the many similarities found between them. Shinto teaches that there is a sacredness of the whole universe and that humans can be in tune with this sacredness. Every mountain, river, plant, animal, and all the diverse phenomena of heaven and earth have spirits, or kami, which inhabit them. Reverence is paid to the ancestors through the practice of ancestor worship.
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Shiva
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Hindu god called the Destroyer. Shiva is the third member of the triad that includes Brahma the Creator and Vishnu the Preserver.
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religion
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A person's beliefs concerning the existence and worship of a god or gods, and divine involvement in the universe and human life.
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reverence
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The respect or devotion that others show someone or something
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rigid social class system
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A social class system where there is no mobility. A person remains in the same class their entire life.
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river
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A moving body of water that usually has its source in an area of high ground.
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sacraments
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Religious practices such as baptism, and receiving the Eucharist.
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reincarnation
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The rebirth of a soul into another body.
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polytheism
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The belief in many gods or goddesses.
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Quran
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Islamic holy book.
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Rabbi
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Jewish scholar charged with conducting religious services, ensuring that Jewish laws are observed, and serving as a spiritual guide for the community.
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Ramadan
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The ninth month of the Muslim calendar. All Muslims must fast during daylight hours, except the very young or sick.
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Ramayana
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Hindu epic story about the hero Rama who was the incarnation of the god Vishnu.
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patron
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Someone who provides support to a specific cause and/or person/people.
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peninsula
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An area of land surrounded on three sides by water. Italy, Greece, and the southern part of India are all peninsulas.
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philosopher
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A person who seeks to understand and explain the nature of things around them. A scholar of philosophy.
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philosophy
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A system of thought devoted to the examination of ideas such as truth, existence, reality, causality, religion, and freedom
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pilgrimage
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A religious journey to visit a shrine or other holy site.
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mosque
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A domed Islamic religious building.
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Muezzin
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In Islam, one who issues a call to prayer, causing the faithful to gather at the local Mosque.
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New Testament
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The second half of the Christian Bible. It describes the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, as well as other Christian teachings.
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Nirvana
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In Buddhism, spiritual enlightenment.
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Old Testament
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The first half of the Christian Bible, that describes the creation of the world, the history of ancient Israel, the Ten Commandments, and contains the Psalms and the prophetic books. Also is the Hebrew Torah.
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Moses
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He is considered a founder of Judaism due to his role in the liberation of the Hebrews from Egypt, and his delivery of the Ten Commandments from Mount Sinai sometime around 2000 BCE.
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messiah
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According to the Hebrew Bible, an anointed king who will lead the Jews back to the land of Israel and establish justice in the world. According to the Christians, the Messiah was Jesus Christ.
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Mohammad
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Prophet of Allah; founder of Islam.
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Moksha
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In Hinduism, it is the release from the cycle of reincarnation through unification with Brahma.
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monotheism
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The belief in one god or goddess.
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Kong Fu Zi
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See Confucius
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Lao Tze
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(570-490 BCE?) Chinese philosopher credited with originating Taoism/Daoism. His teachings were collected and published as the Tao-te Ching.
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Mahabharata
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Hindu epic poem that was written in Sanskrit in the 5th century BCE. Its most important part is the Bhagavad-Gita.
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Mecca
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A city in Saudi Arabia where Muslims must make a pilgrimage at least once in their life.
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Mencius
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(371?-289 BCE), Chinese philosopher, who studied Confucianism. He later refined many of the ideas and spread them across China. Also known as Mengzi, or Meng-tzu.
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Islam
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The word Islam, which when translated from Arabic, means "to submit to the will of Allah," is the youngest of the world's major religions. Worshippers of this monotheistic religion are known as Muslims, which means "one who submits to the will of Allah." The Islamic holy book is called the Qurﾒan. Islam is currently the second most practiced religion in the world, and experts predict that it will overtake Christianity as the most popular religion in the world sometime during the 21st century.
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jihad
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Effort in Godﾒs service waged by Muslims in defense of the Islamic faith.
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Judaism
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Judaism is the oldest known monotheistic religion still practiced in the world today. Its fundamental teachings have been influential and are the basis for more recently developed religions such as Christianity and Islam. Judaism teaches that there is one God who is the creator of all things. after the Hebrew exodus from Egypt, many Hebrews began to lose their faith in God. During this time, Moses went atop Mount Sinai and returned with two stone tablets containing laws that all Hebrews needed to follow. These laws, recorded in the Exodus 20
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Kami
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Sacred spirits that are worshipped in the Shinto religion of Japan.
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karma
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Actions in this life resulting from the consequences of a previous lifeﾒs actions. Associated with Hinduism and Buddhism.
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human and physical geography
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The study of the environment, people, and the resources they use to live.
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Imam
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In Islam, the leader of prayers and religious scholar.
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Hirohito
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(1901-1989) Emperor of Japan from 1926 until 1989. He is the last Japanese emperor to be considered divine. Led Japan through World War II.
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Holy Land
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Term given to lands in present day Israel that is significant to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
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