Apush Unit One Key Terms

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PLYMOUTH COLONY

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English Colonial Venture

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MAYFLOWER COMPACT 1620

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First Governing document of Plymouth Colony

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HEADRIGHT SYSTEM

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Legal grant to settlers

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FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNECTICUT 1639

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Orders describing the government set up by the Connecticut River towns

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MERCANTILISM

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Economic theory that holds a the prosperity of a nation dependent upon its resources

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TRIANGULAR TRADE

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Trade route in the Atlantic Ocean

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THE GREAT AWAKENING

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Periods of rapid and dramatic religious revival

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IRON ACT 1750

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seeking to restrict manufacturing activities in British colonies

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INDENTURED SERVANTS

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who were kidnapped for political or religious reasons

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GEORGE WASHINGTON

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commander of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War and served as the first president of the U.S

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PROCLAMATION OF 1763

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issued October 7, 1763, by King George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War.

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SALUTARY NEGLECT

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undocumented, though long standing, British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, which were meant to keep the American colonies obedient to Great Britain.

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STAMP ACT 1765

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a tax imposed by the British Parliament on the colonies of British America

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STAMP ACT CONGRESS

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meeting in the building that would become Federal Hall in New York City on October 19th, 1765 consisting of delegates from 9 of the 13 colonies that discussed and acted upon the recently passed Stamp Act

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SONS OF LIBERTY

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secret organization of American patriots which originated in the Thirteen Colonies during the American Revolution.

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COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE

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bodies organized by the local governments of the Thirteen Colonies before the American Revolution for the purposes of coordinating written communication outside of the colony.

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BOSTON MASSACRE

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incident that led to the deaths of five civilians at the hands of British troops on March 5, 1770, the legal aftermath of which helped spark the rebellion in some of the British colonies in America, which culminated in the American Revolution

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INTOLERABLE (COERCIVE) ACTS 1774

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names used to describe a series of laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 relating to Britain's colonies in North America.

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SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS 1775

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convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that met beginning in May 10, 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, soon after shooting in the American Revolutionary War had begun.

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NORTHWEST ORDINANCE

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an act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States

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DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

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statement adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, which announced that the thirteen American colonies then at war with Great Britain were now independent states, and thus no longer a part of the British Empire. written primarily by Thomas Jefferson

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COMMON SENSE

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ideas tend to relate to events within human experience (such as good will), and thus appear commensurate with human scale

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SHAYS REBELLION

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armed uprising in central and western Massachusetts (mainly Springfield) from 1786 to 1787.Daniel Shays, a veteran of the American Revolution who led the rebels

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IMPLIED POWERS(ELASTIC CLAUSE)

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are those powers authorized by a legal document which, while not stated, are deemed to be implied by powers expressly stated

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GREAT COMPROMISE

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an agreement between large and small states reached during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative structure and representation that each state would have under the United States Constitution.

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Declaratory Act

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an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain in 1766, during America's colonial period, one of a series of resolutions passed attempting to regulate the behavior of the colonies. It stated that Parliament had the right to make laws for the colonies in all matters.

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Quartering Act

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The Quartering Acts were used by the British forces in the American colonies to ensure that British troops had adequate housing and provisions. These acts were amendments to the Mutiny Act, which had to be renewed annually by Parliament.

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Townshend Act

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series of acts passed beginning in 1767 by the Parliament of Great Britain relating to the British colonies in North America. The acts are named for Charles Townshend, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who proposed the program.

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Tea Act

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An act to allow a drawback of the duties of customs on the exportation of tea to any of his Majesty's colonies or plantations in America; to increase the deposit on bohea tea to be sold at the East India Company's sales; and to empower the commissioners of the treasury to grant licences to the East India Company to export tea duty-free.), passed on May 10, 1773.

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Boston Tea Party

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a direct action protest by colonists in Boston, a town in the British colony of Massachusetts, against the British government

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Coercive Acts

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names used to describe a series of laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 relating to Britain's colonies in North America. The acts sparked outrage and resistance in the Thirteen Colonies and were important developments in the growth of the American Revolution.

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Mutiny Act

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an act passed yearly by Parliament for governing the British Army. It was originally passed in 1689 in response to the mutiny of a large portion of the army which stayed loyal to the Stuarts upon William III taking the crown of England

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Samuel Adams

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a statesman, political philosopher, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States

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Ann Hutchinson

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a pioneer settler in Massachusetts, Rhode Island and New Netherlands, and the unauthorized minister of a dissident church discussion group.

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Roger Williams

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an English theologian, a notable proponent of religious toleration and the separation of church and state and an advocate for fair dealings with Native Americans

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King Williams war

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War of the Grand Alliance (1688–97). It was fought between England, France, and their respective American Indian allies in the colonies of Canada (New France), Acadia, and New England.

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Queen Anne’s War:

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known as the Seven Years' War, was a war fought in North America between 1754 and 1763.The conflict, the fourth such colonial war between the nations of France and Great Britain, resulted in the British conquest of Canada

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King William’s War:

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War of the Grand Alliance (1688–97). It was fought between England, France, and their respective American Indian allies in the colonies of Canada (New France), Acadia, and New England.

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Queen Anne’s War:

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known as the Seven Years' War, was a war fought in North America between 1754 and 1763.The conflict, the fourth such colonial war between the nations of France and Great Britain, resulted in the British conquest of Canada

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Peace of Utrecht:

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a series of individual peace treaties signed in the Dutch city of Utrecht in March and April 1713. Concluded between various European states, it helped end the War of the Spanish Succession.

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War of Jenkin’s Ear:

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a conflict between Great Britain and Spain that lasted from 1739 to 1748, with major operations largely ended by 1742. Its unusual name relates to Robert Jenkins, captain of a British merchant ship, who exhibited his severed ear in Parliament following the boarding of his vessel by Spanish coast guards in 1731.

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Paxton Boys:

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a vigilante group that murdered at least twenty Native Americans in events sometimes called the Conestoga Massacre

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Grenville’s Program:

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Headed by George Grenville

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Patrick Henry:

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] served as the first post-colonial Governor of Virginia from 1776 to 1779. A prominent figure in the American Revolution, Henry is known and remembered for his "Give me Liberty, or give me Death!" speech, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Along

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SONS OF LIBERTY:

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secret organization of American patriots which originated in the Thirteen Colonies during the American Revolution. British authorities and their supporters, known as Loyalists, considered the Sons of Liberty as seditious rebels, referring to them as "Sons of Violence" and "Sons of Iniquity."

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Daughters of Liberty:

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a successful Colonial American group that consisted of women who displayed their patriotism by participating in boycotts of British goods following the passage of the Townshend Acts. Using their feminine skills of the time period, they made homespun cloth and other goods to fill the good British people.

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Crispus Attucks:

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one of five people killed in the Boston Massacre in Boston, Massachusetts. He has been frequently named as the first martyr of the American Revolution and is the only Boston Massacre victim whose name is commonly remembered. He is regarded as an important and inspirational figure in American history.

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John Adams:

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an American politician and the second President of the United States (1797–1801), after being the first Vice President (1789–1797) for two terms. He is regarded as one of the most influential Founding Fathers of the United States.

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Carolina Regulators:

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Battle of the Alamance:

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a rebellion in colonial North Carolina over issues of taxation and local control. Some historians consider it the opening salvo of the American Revolution, although the rebellion was against local government, and not against the king or crown. Named for nearby Great Alamance Creek, the battle took place in the central Piedmont about eight miles south of present-day Burlington, North Carolina.

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FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS 1774

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consisted of 56 delegates from twelve of the Thirteen Colonies that would become the United States. Convened in response to the Coercive Acts passed by the British Parliament in 1774, the delegates organized an economic boycott of Great Britain in protest and petitioned the king for a redress of grievances.

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Suffolk Resolves:

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declaration made on September 9, 1774 by the leaders of Suffolk County, Massachusetts, of which Boston is the major city.

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Galloway Plan:

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LEXINGTON AND CONCORD, APRIL 19, 1775:

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Paul Revere, William Dawes:

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SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS:

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Slavery clause in the Declaration of Independence:

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Somerset Case (in Great Britain):

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Quock Walker case- Mass:

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Benedict Arnold:

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Continental Army:

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Native Americans in the Revolutionary War:

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Black Americans in the Revolutionary War:

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