Apush Unit 3

Front 1

Who wins Election of 1816?

Back 1

James Monroe (Dem), the destitution of Feds.

Front 2

Convention of 1818

Back 2

agreement w/ Britain; U.S. got access to Newfoundland fisheries; border fixed at 49th parallel

Front 3

Adams-Onis Treaty

Back 3

(aka Florida Purchase Treaty) of 1819
– Spain ceded FL and Spanish claims to Oregon to U.S.

-- U.S. ceded claims to TX

Front 4

Monroe Doctrine

Back 4

-no interference by Europeans in American affairs
-U.S. would not interfere in European affairs
-deepens isolationist appearance

Front 5

Henry Clay

Back 5

proposed program of protective tariffs, internal improvements, and a national bank

Front 6

Roads

Back 6

Nat’l Road; Lancaster Turnpike extended from Philly to Pittsburgh

Front 7

Steamboats

Back 7

opens West to commercial agric; Robert Fulton’s Clermont (1807) touches off steamboat craze

Front 8

Erie Canal

Back 8

Gov. Clinton to connect Hudson River and Lake Erie; huge success

Front 9

Railroads

Back 9

RRs replaced canals; why? Cheaper to build than canals, not frozen in winter, fast, can go almost anywhere

Front 10

Over impact of the transportation revolution

Back 10

changes in speed/cost of transport and communication; ties country together and fuels a market revolution in which U.S. would develop self-sustaining domestic markets

effects varied by region

Front 11

North and East (Market Revolution)

Back 11

Manufacturing

Front 12

South(Market Revolution)

Back 12

Cotton

Front 13

North and West (Market Revolution)

Back 13

breadbasket

Front 14

Telegraph

Back 14

Samuel Morse

Front 15

Transcontinental Cable

Back 15

Cyrus Field; from Newfoundland to Ireland

Front 16

Pony Express

Back 16

est’d to carry mail from MO to CA in 10 days by series of riders

Front 17

Cotton Gin

Back 17

Eli Whitney; made cotton production more profitable; huge increase in cotton plantations

Front 18

Mechanical Reaper

Back 18

Cyrus McCormick; allowed one man to do work of 5; led to demands for land, commercial farming, and farmers seeking loans to pay for machinery

Front 19

Steel plow

Back 19

John Deere

Front 20

Family size ________ as mechanization _________

Back 20

decreased as mechanization increased

Front 21

Samuel Slater

Back 21

built 1st spinning mill in America(RI); led to construction of factory villages, which later became factory towns

Brings technology to America

Front 22

Francis Cabot Lowell

Back 22

sed English model for factories; helped form Boston Manufacturing Company (Boston Associates), which built a mill at Waltham, MA

Front 23

Lowell factory girls’

Back 23

young, single women were highly supervised; women gained sense of independence

Front 24

Growing ______class and ________ class; women increasingly worked in manufacturing jobs as factory girls

Back 24

Middle & Urban working

Front 25

Northeast dominates

Back 25

industry

Front 26

weak unions form; many strikes in 1830s-40s, but workers generally

Back 26

Lose

Front 27

Commonwealth v. Hunt

Back 27

states that unions are legal if their methods are “honorable and peaceful”

First court case that won for workers

Front 28

Panic of 1819

Back 28

major causes = Over speculation(spending too much $$) in western lands; led to deflation, bankruptcies, bank failures, unemployment, political unrest

Front 29

Tallmadge amendment

Back 29

no more slaves should be brought into MO and gradual emancipation of children born to slaves in MO; southerners defeated this in Senate

Front 30

Clay works out MO Compromise

Back 30

deal w/ admission of MO; MO is slave, ME is carved out of MA as free states, future LA Territory will be free above 36’30 and open to slavery south of that line

Front 31

Irish – came to

Back 31

escape poverty, especially during potato famine;

they settled in port cities(no $$); faced much hardship and discrimination

Front 32

Germans – came for

Back 32

better life and for democracy; generally, arrived w/ more $ so they moved West and settled in Midwestern towns and on farms

Front 33

Manifest Destiny

Back 33

belief that it was American’s purpose/right to expand westward to Pacific and spread their lifestyle/virtues/etc

“city upon a hill” (Puritans)

Front 34

Louisiana Purchase

Back 34

Thomas Jefferson is pres; 1803; Napoleon needs $; France controls New Orleans and therefore Miss River; solution = sell LA territory to U.S.

Front 35

Many people moving to TX

Back 35

as American numbers grow so do conflicts w/ Mexicans; Mexico tries to tighten control sealed border and taxed American goods thus revolution breaks out.

Front 36

Texas Revolution – 1835

Back 36

Americans under Sam Houston and Mexicans under Santa Anna

Front 37

Republic of TX does not become U.S. state until 1845, why?

Back 37

Slavery issue

Front 38

Oregon divides at which parallel?

Back 38

at 49th parallel

Front 39

Slidell Mission

Back 39

troops camp out at Rio leads to skirmish and 9 U.S. die; leads to war

Front 40

Wilmot Proviso

Back 40

proposal to prohibit slavery in any land gained from MX; defeated by southern senators;

Front 41

Results of the MX war:

Back 41

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo- US gets TX, CA, NV, UT, and most of AZ, and parts of NM, CO, WY for $15 mil

sours US/MX relations for real

new military leaders

Front 42

Slavery and westward expansion gives what four issues?

Back 42

Wilmot Proviso, slavery anywhere, pop. sov., extending MO Comp. line

Front 43

Whigs walked out and formed coalition w/ Liberty Party and antislavery Dems = ?

Back 43

Free Soil Party : no more slave areas; Martin Van Buren

Front 44

Aroostook War

Back 44

area disputed between ME and Canada; fighting broke out between lumbermen

Front 45

Webster-Ashburton Treaty

Back 45

also solidified MN border giving U.S. rich iron of Mesabi range

Front 46

Gadsden Purchase

Back 46

wanted to gain more land

expand slavery there

President Pierce sent Ostend Manifesto but it was too unpopular in Congress

used only for RR