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12 Cards in this Set

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Lincoln-Douglas Debates+Freeport Doctrine 1858
A series of seven debates. The two argued the important issues of the day like popular sovereignty, the Lecompton Constitution and the Dred Scott decision. Douglas won these debates, but Lincoln's position in these debates helped him beat Douglas in the 1860 presidential election.

During the Lincoln-Douglas debates, Douglas said in his Freeport Doctrine that Congress couldn't force a territory to become a slave state against its will.
Crittenden Compromise
A desperate measure to prevent the Civil War, introduced by John Crittenden, Senator from Kentucky, in December 1860. The bill offered a Constitutional amendment recognizing slavery in the territories south of the 36º30' line, noninterference by Congress with existing slavery, and compensation to the owners of fugitive slaves. Republicans, on the advice of Lincoln, defeated it.
Charles Sumner
gave a two day speech on the Senate floor. He denounced the South for crimes against Kansas and singled out Senator Andrew Brooks of South Carolina for extra abuse. Brooks beat Sumner over the head with his cane, severely crippling him. Sumner was the first Republican martyr.
James Buchanan
Part of the quadrinneal election and was a southern democratic
Also won the 1856 election. Approved of the Lecompton Constitution
Dred Scott + Roger Taney
As chief justice, he wrote the important decision in the Dred Scott case, upholding police power of states and asserting the principle of social responsibility of private property. He was Southern and upheld the fugitive slave laws.The Fifth Amendment forbade Congress from depriving people of their property without the due process of law.
A Missouri slave sued for his freedom, claiming that his four year stay in the northern portion of the Louisiana Territory made free land by the Missouri Compromise had made him a free man. The U.S, Supreme Court decided he couldn't sue in federal court because he was property, not a citizen.
Jefferson Davis
Davis was chosen as president of the Confederacy in 1861. Stephens was vice-president.
John C. Fremont
Famous for his military experiences in the bear flag revolt. He lost in the election 1856 for the republic party. He was also against the Lecompton Constitution
John Breckenridge
Nominated by pro-slavers who had seceded from the Democratic convention, he was strongly for slavery and states' rights.
Lecompton Constitution
In order to keep the free-soilers from creating a free state, the pro-slavery politicians created the Lecompton Constitution. The document stated that the people were not allowed to vote for or against the constitution as a whole, rather, they could vote on whether the constitution would be "with slavery" or "without slavery." If slavery was voted against, then one of the provisions in the constitution would protect those who already owned slaves in Kansas. Many free-soilers boycotted voting, so the pro-slaveryites voted, approving the constitution to include slavery.
Bleeding Kansas
Also known as the Kansas Border War. Following the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, pro-slavery forces from Missouri, known as the Border Ruffians, crossed the border into Kansas and terrorized and murdered antislavery settlers. Antislavery sympathizers from Kansas carried out reprisal attacks, the most notorious of which was John Brown's 1856 attack on the settlement at Pottawatomie Creek. The war continued for four years before the antislavery forces won. The violence it generated helped percipitate the Civil War.
Panic of 1857
Began with the failure of the Ohio Life Insurance Company and spread to the urban east. The depression affected the industrial east and the wheat belt more than the South.The panic of 1857 broke out due to California gold inflating the currency and over-speculation in land and railroads. The North was the hardest hit, while the South, with its cotton, continued to flourish.
Harper's ferry + John Brown
In 1859, the militant abolitionist John Brown seized the U.S. arsenal at Harper's Ferry. He planned to end slavery by massacring slave owners and freeing their slaves. He was captured and executed.