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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The voters failed to give an elecoral majority to any candidate in 1824, so the House of Representatives had to choose the president from among the top three candidates. T/F?
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T
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The election of 1828 was in some ways a "revolution" of the common people of the West and South against the older, entrenched governing classes of the East. T/F?
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T
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The Jacksonians practiced their belief that the ordinary citizen was capable of holding almost any public office without particular qualifications. T/F?
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T
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One consequence of the spoils system was the buildin of powerful political machines based on favors and rewards distributed to political supporters. T/F?
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T
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In the Hayne-Webster debate, the southerner Hayne defended the doctrine of nullification by the states, while Webster attacked it as contrary to a Union formed by the whole American people rather than by the states. T/F?
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T.
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A new, seemingly more democratic method of nominating presidential candidates was-
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-the national nominating convention.
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The Jacksonian charge of a "corrupt bargain" to gain John Quincy Adams the presidency arose because-
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-Clay was named secretary of state after throwing his support to Adams.
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The New Democracy arose partly because-
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-economic distress and the issue of slavery in Missouri stimulated a heigtened public awareness of politics.
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One political innovation that illustrated the new popular voice in politics was-
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-the rise of national party conventions to nominate presidential candidates.
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Which of the following was not among the factors that made John Quincy Adam's presidency a political failure?-
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-Adam's involvement with correct machine deals and politicians.
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In the battle over the "Tariff of Abominations,"-
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-New England backed high tariffs while the South demanded lower duties.
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Under the surface of the South's strong opposition to the "Tarrif of Abominations" was-
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-a fear of growing federal power that might interfere in slavery.
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John C. Calhoun's theory of "nullification" was based on the idea that-
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-states should be able to declare invalid those laws they deemed unconstitutional.
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The concept of a political "revolution of 1828" rests on-
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-the increased involvement of ordinary voters in the political process.
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The concept of a political "revolution of 1828" rests on-
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-the increased involvement of ordinary voters in the political process.
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One of the central beliefs of the new Jacksonian democracy was that-
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-officeholding should be open to as many ordinary citizens as possible.
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One unfortunate consequence of the spoils system was-
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-an increase in incompetence and corruption in government.
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The Peggy Eaton affair contributed to the bitter, personal political conflict between-
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-Andrew Jackson and John C. Calhoun.
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Jackson's Maysville Road veto signaled his opposition to-
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-Henry Clay's American System.
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In his debate with Hayne, Daniel Webster argued that-
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-the federal government had been formed by the people and the states had no right to nullify federal law.
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New form of Jacksonian government that created boisterous political parties and wide popular involvement in politics.
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New Democracy
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Requirements that were first eliminated in Vermont allowing the common people a larger place in politics.
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old property qualifications
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New, circuslike method of nominatin presidential candidates that involved wider participation but usually left effective control in the hands of party bosses.
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national nominating conventions
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Small, short-lived third political party that originated a new method of nominating presidential candidates in 1831.
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Anti-Masonic party
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Body that chose the president in 1824 after no candidate received an electoral majority.
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House of Representatives
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Contemptuous Jacksonian term for the alleged political deal by which Clay threw his support to Adams in exchange for a high cabinet office.
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"corrupt bargain"
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Office to which President Adams appointed Henry Clay.
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Secretary of State
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Scornful southern term for the high Tariff of 1828.
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"Tariff of Abominations"
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Pamphlet secretly written by John C. Calhoun that bluntly called on the states to nullify the federal tariff law.
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"The South Carolina Exposition"
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Description of Jackson's victory over Adams that defined it as a victory of the poorer masses over the entrenched wealthy classes.
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"Revolution of 1828"
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The popular idea that public offices should be handed out on the basis of political support rather than special qualifications.
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Spoils System
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New professional political organizations that were "greased" by the offices and favors handed out by winning candidates.
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Political machine
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Description of Jackson's victory over Adams that defined it as a victory of the poorer masses over the entrenched wealthy classes.
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"Revolution of 1828"
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President Jackson's informal group of political advisers
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"The Kitchen Cabinet"
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Action led by Denmark Vesey in 1822, raising southern fears of federal power.
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Charleston conspiracy
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One sign of the "New Democracy" was that the presidents were now chosen by democratically elected state legislatures rather than by the Electoral College. T/F?
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F: One sign of the "New Democracy" was that the Presidents were now chosen by democratically elected state legislatures rather than by the electoral college.
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Jackson believed in using the federal government as a powerful instrument of economic activism on behalf of the common people. T/F?
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F: Jackson distrusted the federal government as a bastion of privilege and believed only the states could act for the people.
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Henry Clay disproved the charge of a "corrupt bargain" between himself and President Adams by refusing to accept any favors from the administration. T/F?
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F: Clay provoked the charges by accepting the position of secretary of state after backing Adams.
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An essential cause of the "New Democracy" was -
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-the increased stake in politics felt by ordinary citizens after the panic of 1819 and the Missouri Compromise.
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The South and its leading spokesman, John C. Calhoun, opposed a strong tariff in 1816 but had reversed their position and come to favor a strong tariff by 1828. T/F?
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F: They favored it in 1816 but opposed it in 1828.
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The election campaign of 1828 was notable for its focus on the issues of the tariff and popular democracy rather than on personalities and mudslinging. T/F?
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F: It was notable for mudslinging rather than issues.
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The congressional caucus increasingly replaced the national political convention as the method for nominating a party's presidential candidates. T/F?
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F: National conventions replaced congressional caucuses.
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Both President Jackson and Vice President Calhound fought to maintain a strong nationalism in the face of growing sectionalism. T/F?
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F: They both fed the growing spirit of sectionalism against nationalism.
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Older method by which a party's representatives in Congress nominated its presidential candidate.
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Congressional caucus
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Jackson relied heavily on his strong official cabinet for policy decisions and political advice.
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F: Jackson had a weak cabinet and relied on his informal "Kitchen Cabinet" for political advice.
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The "New Democracy" was based on the ending of property qualifications for the ballot in most states. T/F?
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T
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President Adams attempted to uphold strong nationalistic principles in a time of growing sectionalism. T/F?
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T
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