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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2nd Great Awakening
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Revitalization of religions (Mormons, Baptists, Methodists, Millenialism) due to rationalism
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American Antislavery Society
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Started when Garrison wrote the Liberator; Advocated immediate action of slavery without compensating owners;
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American Colonization Society
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Racist White males wanted to transfer free slaves to an African colony in Liberia
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Antebellum Period
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Period of reform and change; reformers dedicated to causes that would improve society; Due to Jacksonian beliefs
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Brigham Young
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Leader of Mormons; Migrated to W. Frontier where he establish New Zion in Utah
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Burned Over district
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W. New York became "burned-over" district where idea of fear and hell reawakened
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Charles Finney
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Started revivals that appealed to people's emotions and fears of hell;
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Cult of Domesticity
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Men should be concerned with economic and political affairs; Women should concentrate on household and children affairs
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Declaration of Sentiments
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All men and women are created equal; Listed women's grievances against laws and customs that discriminated against them
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Dorothea Dix
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Horrified by the conditions of mental ill institutions; tried to improve conditions of institutions.
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton
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Campaigned for women's rights after being banned from speaking at antislavery convention
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Frederick Douglass
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Spoke about brutality first hand; advocated political and direct action to end slavery
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Harriet Tubman
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Campaigned against slavery
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Henry David Thoreau
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Leader of transcendentalist movement; lived by himself in the woods to discover truths about life and the universe
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Herman Melville
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Wrote Moby Dick (spoke about theological and culture conflicts in the U.S.)
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Horace Mann
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Worked to improve schools, attendance of all children, larger school year, increased teacher preparation
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James F Cooper
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Wrote stories in American settings
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Latter Day Saints
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Mormon faith; Migrated to Utah
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Lucretia Mott
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Along with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, banned from speaking at antislavery convention because she was a woman
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lyceum societies
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Idea of withdrawing from conventional society to create a Utopia
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Maine Law of 1851
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1st state to tax alcohol
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McGuffey Readers
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Books that taught hard work, sobriety, and punctuality
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Millennialism
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World will end with Jesus' second coming on Oct. 21, 1844
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Nat Turner
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Rebel slave who led a revolt and killed master
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Nathaniel Hawthorne
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Writer who wrote Scarlet Letter (Spoke about intolerance and conformity in American life)
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nationalistic literature
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Literature that portrayed American themes and were written by American authors
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North Star
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Antislavery journal created by Frederick Douglass
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On Civil Disobedience
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Novel written by Henry David Thoreau; Showed nonviolent protest (refusing to pay a tax that will be used in an immoral war)
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Oneida Community
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Controversial communal experiment that had economic equity, shared property, shared marriage partners
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Ralph Emerson
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Leader of Transcendentalist movement; popular American lecturer and expressed indiviudalistic mood of the period; Said do not imitate European culture, but create a new American culture
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Robert Owen
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Founded New Harmony, secular answer to problems on inequity of Industrial Revolution
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Seneca Falls Convention
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Convention where women listed grievances and to campaign for women's rights
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Sojourner Truth
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campaigned during the antislavery movement
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Susan B Anthony
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Leader in women's rights movement; Spoke at Seneca Falls Convention
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Temperance movement
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Movement against alcohol drinking
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The Liberator
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Created by Garrison; Start of the antislavery movement
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transcendentalism
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Movement where artistic expression is more important the the pursuit of wealth; Questioned doctrines of est. churches and habits of middle class.
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utopianism
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Perfect society where there is equity among all classes
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Washington Irving
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Used american settings in novels
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William Lloyd Garrison
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Created the Liberator which instigated anti-slavery movement; advocated for immediate abolition of slaves; Burns constitution as proslavery action
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Alamo
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Santa Anna launches troops at Alamo
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Battle of San Jacinto
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Houston's army capture Santa Anna; Santa Anna forced to sign treaty that declares Texas is independent and border is at Rio Grande
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Bear Flag Republic
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Fremont calls Bear Flag Republic because bear is on state flag
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Clayton-Bulwer Treaty
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Great Britain and US agree to build a canal in South America and neither can take exclusive control of the canal
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Elias Howe
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Inventor of the sewing machine
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Gadsden Purchase
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Mexico sells southwestern land to US for $10 million; Land will eventually become New Mexico and Arizona
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Henry Clay
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N/A
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James Polk
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Dark horse of Election of 1844; Powerful slogan of fifty-four Forty or fight;
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John C Calhoun
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Pro Slavery, pro annexation, candidate for election of 1844
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Fifty-four Forty or Fight
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Polk's slogan that portrayed manifest destiny and annexation of texas, oregon, and california. Attracted Southerners and Westerners
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John Fremont
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Captured N. California and called CA Bear Flag Republic
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John Tyler
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President after Harrison; Pushed for succession of Texas
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Lone Star Republic
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Houston, 1st president of Texas, calls Texas Lone Star Republic
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Manifest Destiny
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US has a divine mission to extend its power and civilization across N. America
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Matthew Perry
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Went to Japan to persuade country to open its ports to trade with Americans; Japan agrees to open 2 ports to US vessels
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Mexican Cession
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Former Mexican Provinces (New Mexico and Arizona)
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Zachary Taylor
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General sent by Polk to go to Rio Grande to fight Mexican army
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Ostend Manifesto
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President Pierce adopted prosouthern policies and dispatched 3 US diplomats to Ostend, Belgium to secretley buy Cuba from Spain; Leaked to press and Pierce forced to stop actions
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Panic of 1857
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Serious drop in prices, increased unemployment in N. Cities; South unaffected and leaves them to believe plantation economy is sufficient without union
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Sam Houston
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Led a group of Texan settlers against Mexican army; Declared Texas to be an independent republic
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Samuel Morse
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Inventor of telegraph; Sped up communication and transportation in country
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Spot Resolutions
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N. Whigs didn't believe American blood was spilled on American soil, as Polk suggested, which would be evidence enough to instigate war with Mexico; Whigs wanted Polk provide Congress with the exact location (the "spot") upon which blood was spilt on American soil;
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Stephen Austin
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Brought 300 families into Texas; Steady immigration into Texas
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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
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(1) Mexico should recognize Rio Grande as Southern border; (2) US takes possession of former Mexican provinces (California and New Mexico) for $15 million
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Webster-Ashburton Treaty
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Territory split between Maine and British Canada, and boundary of Minnesota
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Wilmot Proviso
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David Wilmot proposed appropriations bill be amended to forbid slavery in any of the new territories acquired by Mexico;
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Winfield Scott
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War hero from Mexican war; Unsuccessfully ran for presidential election and lost to Pierce
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Abraham Lincoln
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Won presidential election of 1860 as the republican candidate; His victory led to the Deep south's secession
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Abraham Lincoln
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16th President of the US; Won election of 1860 --> South Secedes
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Amnesty Act
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removed voting restriction and office holding restrictions on Confederate and rebelling person
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Bleeding Kansas
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Series of violent events led by abolitionists and pro slavery people; Instigated by the KS-NB Acts
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Compromise of 1850
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Due to Taylor's plan (CA and NM are free states) upsetting southerners; Clay proposed (1) CA is a free state, (2) Divide Mex Cession into Utah and NM (use pop. sovereignity to determine slavery), (3) give disputed land b/w TX and MX to new land, (4) ban slave trade in DC, (5) adopt and enforce Fugitive Slave law in South
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Conscience Whigs
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Opposed Slavery
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