Apush Cards

Front 1

Puritan motive

Back 1

The puritans desired a new land without religious tolerance. They believed the church of England to be corrupt. Return Christianity to roots.

Front 2

Motive of Virginia Settlers

Back 2

Desired to make a profit and return home, encountered harsh conditions. Tobacco was introduced, which saved the economy. Relied on homeland for stability and did not want to create permanent settlement.

Front 3

Great Awakening

Back 3

Time period from 1730s to 40 where religious devotion increased after the rise of the new lights such as George Whitfield and Jonathan Edwards who gave the sermon Sinners in the hand of an Angry god. As a result of the awakening the colonist were united but different sects of Christianity were made.

Front 4

Deism

Back 4

The religious enlightenment in the 18th century. Denied the communication of god but acknowledged his existence.

Front 5

Alabany Congress 1754

Back 5

Ben Franklin's attempt to unite the colonies with the British government to defeat the french, involved bribing Indians for loyalty. Britain and colonies declined a unity plan accepted by the delegates.

Front 6

Legal Rights of Women(colonial Era)

Back 6

Women enjoyed very few legal rights, many women married but enjoyed less freedom than single women, such as owning property. No voting rights or power in government.

Front 7

Stamp Act/Congress

Back 7

27 delegates met from 9 colonies in 1765 in New York.
Colonist enraged from taxation without representation in the stamp act of 1765(tax on newspaper and other official documents to help pay for British 7 years war). Luckily was repealed in 1766 by British government.

Front 8

slavery in pre-independence times

Back 8

Slaves were harshly treated under rough conditions, mostly field workers. Concentrated in south where labor was needed after bacon's rebellion.

Front 9

Indentured Servants

Back 9

People who received transatlantic passage for 4-7 years of work under a person. Severely declined after bacon's rebellion.

Front 10

Proclamation of 1763

Back 10

(King George 3)After the acquisition of the land after the 7 years war with the french forbade the colonist from passing the Appalachian mountains. Wanted to stabilize relations with native Americans but simply angered colonist, whom did it anyway in some cases.

Front 11

Articles of Confederation

Back 11

Agreement between the 13 founding states making the U.S a confederation of sovereign states. Drafted by continental congress from 1776-77 and was passed by all states in 1781. Used during the American revolutionary war. Weak central government and lack of forced taxation lead to U.S constitution.

Front 12

Bill of Rights

Back 12

First 10 amendments created due to the lack of civil rights in the U.S constitution. Proposed to please anti federalist and guaranteed many basic human rights. Adopted in 1789 after presented by James Madison.

Front 13

Attitude of founding fathers toward political parties

Back 13

The founding fathers did not desire any political parties as they believed it would split the nation.

Front 14

Hamilton's economic plan

Back 14

Federal government would pay off all debt and create the national bank of the United States.

Front 15

Shay's Rebellion

Back 15

Massachusetts rebellion(1786-1787) consisted of war veterans and several other protesters who were dissatisfied with post war depression. A lack of hard currency and potential tax and debt collection angered many.

Front 16

XYZ Affair

Back 16

(1797-1798)French agents demanded a bribe to speak to French privateers, who were attacking American ships. Undeclared war between U.S and France(Quasi-War). 250,000 demanded to see Talleyrand.

Front 17

Marbury v. Madison

Back 17

1803 case where John Marshall established the bases for the use of judicial review within the U.S, set boundaries between executive and judicial branch, only executive could execute. Involved William Marbury( appointed justice of peace by John Adams, part of the midnight judges) and his case being declared unconstitutional, he never received his papers as Justice of peace.

Front 18

Louisiana Purchase

Back 18

Thomas Jefferson's purchase of territory from France(under napoleon) in 1803. 15 million dollars spent to double the size of the United states and gain control of Mississippi. Price was 4 cents per acre.

Front 19

Hartford Convention

Back 19

Series of meetings from 1814-1815 consisting of New England Federalist discussing war of 1812, extreme proposals to secede from U.S(New England) were denied due to moderates and the end of the war. Also debated over ending the 3/5 compromise and requiring 2/3 state approval for war, admission of states, and laws constricting trade. Federalist died after major general Andrew Jackson won in New Orleans.

Front 20

Eli Whitney

Back 20

1793 inventor who created the cotton gin, increased viability of American cotton opposed to Indian for British manufacturers. Advocated interchangeable parts for rifles.

Front 21

Henry Clay's American System

Back 21

Plan to strengthen and unite the U.S. Consisted of three parts a Bank of the United States, Federal funding for national improvements such as roads and canals, and a tariff to promote American business.

Front 22

Monroe Doctrine

Back 22

Statement made by James Monroe stating that European countries could no longer colonize or interfere with south american or north american affairs. Term created in 1850 but doctrine issued around 1820s when Latin American countries were close to gaining independence.

Front 23

Andrew Jackson (Indian Removal, Veto Congress Nullification, Bus, West Ward Expansion)

Back 23

17th president of the U.S from 1829-1837, served as general in the war of 1812, defeating British at New Orleans 1815. He opposed bank of America, increased presidential powers. Forced relocation of Native Americans from southwest to west of Mississippi river(Indian removal act of 1830). Followers created modern democratic party 1830-1850(era of Jacksonian democracy). He expanded spoil system, appealing to common man.

Front 24

Trail of Tears

Back 24

(1831)Forced removal of the five civilized tribes(Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee creek, and Seminole) Indians from North Carolina to Georgia(800 miles. more than 4000 died of things such as lack of food, cold, and disease.

Front 25

Nullification, John C. Calhoun, Tariff of Abominations(1828)

Back 25

promoted states rights, limited government, nullification, and free trade. Defended slavery and pushed south toward secession. Defended minority rights( concurrent majority). Calhoun opposed the Tariff of abominations (1828)which was passed under Andrew Jackson to protect american industry.

Front 26

trancendentalists

Back 26

religious and philosophical movement developed in 1820s and 30s. Believed religions were negative and self reliance was more important. Believed in inherent goodness, light, spirit.

Front 27

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Back 27

transcendentalist poet promoted individualism, known internationally. Helped abolitionist with his speech and writing.

Front 28

Wm Lloyd Garrison "The Liberator"

Back 28

Journalist, abolitionist, suffragist, and social reformer who was editor of the Liberator news paper founded in 1831. Co founder of American Anti-Slavery-Society. Promoted immediate emancipation of slaves and later promoted women's suffrage in 1870

Front 29

Harriet Tubman- Underground Railway

Back 29

American abolitionist from a Maryland plantation escaped in 1849. One of the most known advocates of the underground railroad, she led more than 300 slaves to freedom.

Front 30

Dred Scott .v. Sanford(1857)

Back 30

declared that Dredd Scott remained the property of Sanfort and could not sue in court as a slave. chief Justice Taney said Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. More sectionalism and strife between north and south, leading to war.

Front 31

Popular Sovereignty

Back 31

Political theory that the people create and own the government. Promoting the rights of the people to vote and participate and government. The people get the final authority and the government is ruled by the people. associated with republicanism. In 1850's used as a term for declaring that people in states should decide weather or not there is slavery. Lead to Bleeding Kansas.