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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What exactly was the Progressive Movement?
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-a reform movement that lasted for 3 presidential admins
1. T. Roosevelt 2. W. Taft 3. W. Wilson -a reaction to industrialization, urbanization, and immigration -movement to reform capitalism -gov. should be an agency of human welfare -trying to change world of gov. -Populist Movement -> Progressive Movement -curb power of big businesses = bigger, more results |
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With a population of 76 million people, what philosophy had become outdated and why?
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Lassaiz faire
-it is too outdated to be effective |
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What was the real heart of the movement?
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to use the gov.
-gov. must step up |
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where did progressive strength come from?
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middle class americans
-college educated -small business owners -journalists -women |
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What are some evils that progressive reformers waged war on?
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-big businesses
-insafe working conditions -child labor -unequal distritbution of wealth -lack of democracy and political corruption -social evils : alcohol, slum conditions, prostitution, drugs, etc -no consumer protection -plight of black americans : 10 millions blacks; 2/3 in south; sharecropping and tenant farming is unproductive -natural resources are being explored |
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forerunners of the progressive movement
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Greenback Labor Party
Grangers (Patrons of Husbandry) Farmer's Alliance Populist Party Socialist Party |
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Muckrakers
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-journalist reformers who wrote exposes to awaken americans to the evils of society
-Roosevlet claimed they did all the dirty work |
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Ida Tarbell
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"History of Standard Oil"
McClure's Magazine -criticizes Rockefeller and standard oil |
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Lincoln Steffens
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"Shame of the City"
-connects relationships b/w big businesses and gov. political bosses |
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Ray Stannard Baker
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"Following the Color Line"
-10 million black ame. (2/3 in south) -racial division |
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John Spargo
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"The Bitter Cry of the Children"
-child labor -children are sickly, pale, and their growth is often stunted |
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Mary Harris Jones
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"Mother Jones"
-hosted a demo at the White House w/ a bunch of deformed children who had been injured working in factories |
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Jacob Riis
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"How the Other Half Lives"
-slum life in NYC |
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David G. Phillips
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"Treason of the Senate"
Cosmopolitan Magazine -wrote about the corruption of the US senator |
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Frank Norris
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"The Octopus"
-book of fiction -attacks railroads; weak farmers vs. railroad corps -depictions of suffering caused by corrupt and greedy turn-of-the-century corporate monopolies |
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Ida Wells
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"Red Record"
--principle advocate for lynching laws -born a slave -helped organize NAACP -tries to get black women to join reform movement |
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Henry Demarest Lloyd
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"Wealth Against Commonwealth"
-standard oil |
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Dar Harvey Wiley
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-traveled around the country to test his patent treatment for TB
-founding father of the FDA |
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Upton Sinclair
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"The Jungle"
-repulsed ppl due to the grotesque description -capitalism is evil -wants to convince people to conform to socialism |
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most well known muckraker magazines
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Collier's, McClures, Cosmo
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What was the significance of the Armory Show in NY in 1913
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1st expedition of modern art
-shows Ame. breaking away from European influence |
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Ashcan School of Art
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taught realistic art
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Robert LaFollette
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-reform gov. of Wisconsin
-most outstanding leader of progressive movement "Fighting Bob" -believes we don't have to destroy corporations just regulate them through the gov. (adopts secret ballot, initiative, referendum, recall, primary election) |
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what impact did the progressive movement have on women?
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-they play an important role in the movement
-enter work force "Pink Color Profession" -women move in public sphere and get out of the home -demand clean drinking water, trash pick up, fire codes, playgrounds -women club movement: start careers- new women- graduate colleges and more athletic |
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Margaret Sanger
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-advocated birth control (coined the term)
-published article about birth control and was arrested for it |
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Alice Paul
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-organized the National Women's Party
-wants women's suffrage |
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Jane Addams
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-starts settlement house movement
-Hull House |
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Carrie Chapman Catt
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NAWSA
National American Women Suffrage Association |
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Francis Willard
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-temperance movement
-Women's Christian Temperance Union |
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Florence Kelley
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-protection for child labor and women in the work place
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Carrie A. Nation
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-radical temperance advocate
-"hatchetization" : vandalism |
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Muller vs. Oregon
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-Oregon limits women to working no more than 10 hrs a day
-Muller thinks this is a violation of their 14th amendment -Oregon state law is upheld -people are realizing that men and women might have to have separate laws |
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What concept was replacing the dog-eat-dog philosophy of unregulated free enterprise?
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worker compensation laws : if an employee was hurt on the job then they would be compensated for time off
-employers responsibility to society |
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Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
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- atextile factory in NY
-owner of factory loucked up the fire escape b/c he didn't want women loitering about -146 women died -most women jumped out of the building to escape the fire -convinces ppl we need to improve conditions in work environments |
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What was the name of T. Roosevelt's domestic program?
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The Square Deal
-workers don't trust his word b/c the previous pres. always sided with management 1. control of corp. 2. consumer protection 3. conservation of natural resources |
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When did the square deal receive its "acid test"
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Anthracite coal strike
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Anthracite Coal Strike
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-miners ask for a 20% raise and an 8 hr work day
-schools had to be shut down b/c there was no coal for heat - TR invites both parties to the WH to negotiate -TR threatens to sieze the mines -1st time the pres. sides with the workers -10% raise and 8hr work day |
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Elkins Act and Hepburn Act
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-attempt to regulate railroads more closely
-both strengthen interstate commerce act |
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Regarding giant trusts, what was Roosevelt's nickname and why?
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"trust buster"
-he brings 44 suits against trusts |
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Northern Security Company
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-controlled by JP Morgan
-TR went after Morgan Trust and, in the end, Morgan was found guilty and comp. dissolved -TR recognized good and bad trusts and worked to weed out the bad |
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T. Roosevelt was the 1st president to publicize the need for what?
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conservation of natural resources
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Newlands Reclamation Act
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-provided money from selling western land to be put into revolving trust funds- could be used to help irrigate barren lands
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TR Conservation efforts
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-protected acres of forest land on reserve
-protected oil lands -banned Christmas tree in WH |
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Call of the Wild
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Jack London
-young boys come to know the wildnerness of Ame. in an adventure |
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Sierra Club
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dedicated to preserving the wilderness
-founded by Jack Muir |
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What was TR most endurable, tangible achievement
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conservation and reclamation
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what legacies did TR leave on the presidency
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-conservation
- made the public aware -increased power and prestige of pres. power -renamed the executive mansion the White House -square deal -1st pres. that didn't automatically side with management |
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who did Roosevelt hand pick as his successor?
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William H. Taft
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Presidential Election of 1908
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.
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Was pres. Taft a trustbuster? explain
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.
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was he a conservationist? what caused the split between the rupub party?
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.
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what position did pres. taft take on the tariff issue
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.
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what was his foreign policy program known as?
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.
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Presidential Election 1912
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.
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Woodrow Wilson
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.
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What was Wilson referring to when he called for an all out assault on the "triple was" of privilege?
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.
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What progressive measures were passed during th Wilson admin.
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.
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Louis Brandeis
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.
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In what area did progressivism fall short?
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racial equality reform
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