Appendicular Muscles

Front 1

what is the function of the appendicular muscles?

Back 1

to control the movements of the upper and lower limbs, and stabilize and control the movements of the pectoral and pelvic girdles

Front 2

what muscles does this include?

Back 2

muscles that move the pectoral girdle and upper limbs
muscles that move the pelvic girdle and lower limbs

Front 3

the muscles of the pectoral girdle originate on the _____ and insert on the ______

Back 3

axial skeleton, clavicle and scapula

Front 4

what is the function of the muscles of the pectoral girdle?

Back 4

to stabilize the scapula and move it to increase the arm's angle of movements

Front 5

what muscle is a thin, flat, triangular muscle, deep to the pectoralis major muscle

Back 5

pectoralis minor

Front 6

what is the origin of the pectoralis minor muscle?

Back 6

sternal end of upper ribs

Front 7

what is the insertion of the pectoralis minor muscle?

Back 7

coracoid process of the scapula

Front 8

what is the action of the pectoralis minor muscle?

Back 8

protracts and depresses the scapula

Front 9

what is a large, flat fan shaped muscle positioned between the ribs and the scapula, it has a saw-tooth shaped appearance on its origins visible on the upper ribs

Back 9

serratus anterior

Front 10

which muscle is the prime mover of scapular protraction?

Back 10

serratus anterior

Front 11

what is the origin of the serratus anterior muscles?

Back 11

anterior and superior margins of the upper ribs

Front 12

what is the insertion of the serratus anterior muscles?

Back 12

the medial (vertebral) border of the scapula and anterior surface of the scapula

Front 13

what is the action of the serratus anterior muscles?

Back 13

protracts and depresses the scapula, stabalizes the scapula and superiorly rotates the scapula (gleniod cavity moves superiorly)

Front 14

how is the thoracic nerve, which runs anterolaterally along the chest wall usually injured?

Back 14

in masectomys (removal of the breasts)

Front 15

what is the result of a thoracic nerve injury?

Back 15

paralysis of the serratus anterior muscle, thus resulting in winged scapula because the thoracic muscles, which normally oppose the serratus anterior muscle, are unopposed

Front 16

where are the rhomboid major and minor located?

Back 16

deep to the trapezius

Front 17

are the rhomboids visible on the the surface of the muscles

Back 17

no, they are under the trapezius

Front 18

where are the rhomboids located?

Back 18

the rhonboids are parallel bands that run inferolaterally from the vertebrae to the scapula

Front 19

are the rhomboids antagonistic or agonistic to the serratus anterior and pectoralis minor?

Back 19

antagonistic

Front 20

which muscles are the rhomboids antagonistic to?

Back 20

the serratus anterior and the pectoralis minor

Front 21

What is the origin for the pectoralis major?

Back 21

the transverse process of T2- T5

Front 22

what is the insertion point of Rhomboid major?

Back 22

the medial (vertebral) border of the scapula

Front 23

what is the action of Rhomboid Major?

Back 23

to retract (adduct) and elevate the scapula, and inferiorly rotate the scapula

Front 24

what is the origin of the rhomboid minor?

Back 24

the spinous process of C7-T1

Front 25

what is the insertion of the rhomboid minor muscle?

Back 25

the medial (vertebral) border of the scapula

Front 26

what is the action of the rhomboid minor muscle

Back 26

to retract (adduct) and elevate the scapula, and inferiorly rotate the scapula

Front 27

which muscle is a large, flat, diamond-shaped muscle that extends from the skull and vertebral column to the pectoral girdle laterally and is visible on the posterior surface of the body,

Back 27

the trapezius

Front 28

what is the origin of the trapezius

Back 28

the occipital bone (the superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of C7- T12

Front 29

what is the insertion of the trapezius?

Back 29

the clavicle, acromian process, and spine of the scapula

Front 30

what is the action of the trapezius?

Back 30

elevates the head, draws the head back, and retracts (adducts) the scapula

Front 31

which muscle is located on the inferior part of the back and is is the prime arm extensor, often referred to as the swimmers muscle?

Back 31

the latissimus dorsi

Front 32

what is the origin of the latissums dorsi muscles?

Back 32

spinous process of T7-T12, many of the lower ribs, iliac crest, and thoracolumbar facia

Front 33

which muscles insertion is on the intertuburcular groove of the proximal humurous?

Back 33

the latissimus dorsi

Front 34

which muscle is the prime mover of arm extension and its action is to also draw the arm downward and backward while it rotates medially?

Back 34

the latissimus dorsi

Front 35

which muscle is located anteriorly and covers the superior portion of the thorax

Back 35

pectoralis major

Front 36

what is the origin of the pectoralis major?

Back 36

the medial clavicle, the costal cartilages of the upper ribs, and the body of the sternum

Front 37

which muscles insertion is the greater tubrucle and intertubercular groove of the proximal humerous?

Back 37

the pectoralis major

Front 38

which muscle is the prime mover of arm flexion, and adducts and medially rotates the arm?

Back 38

the pectoralis major?

Front 39

which muscles originate on the scapula?

Back 39

the deltoid and the teres major and the rotator cuff muscles

Front 40

what is the muscle that is thick and powerful and functions as the prime abbductor of the arm and forms the rounded countour of the shoulder...also a good place for intermuscular injection

Back 40

the deltoid

Front 41

what is the origin of the deltoid?

Back 41

the acromial end of the clavicle, the acromian, and the spine of the scapula

Front 42

what is the insertion of the deltoid?

Back 42

the deltoid tuberocity on the lateral midregion of the humerous

Front 43

what is the action of the deltoid?

Back 43

the anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm, the middle fibers are the prime mover of arm abduction, and the posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate the arm

Front 44

the teres major muscle works synergistically with the ______ muscle to extend, abduct, and medially rotate the arm

Back 44

latissimus dorsi

Front 45

what is the origin of the teres major muscle?

Back 45

the inferior lateral border and inferior angle of the scapula

Front 46

what is the insertion point of the teres major muscle?

Back 46

the lesser tubercle and the intertubercular groove at the lateral proximal end of the humerous

Front 47

what is the action of the teres major muscle?

Back 47

same at latissimus dorsi...
which muscle is the prime mover of arm extension and its action is to also draw the arm downward and backward while it rotates medially?

Front 48

what are the four rotator cuff muscles that provide strength and stablity for the glenohumeral joint?

Back 48

The subscapularis, the supraspinous, infraspinous, and teres minor

Front 49

what is the origin of the subscapularis muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located on the anterior surface of the scapula between the scapula and the ribs?

Back 49

the subscapular fossa of the scapula

Front 50

what is the insertion of the subscapularis muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located on the anterior surface of the scapula between the scapula and the ribs?

Back 50

the lesser tubrucle of the humerus

Front 51

what is the action of the subscapularis muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located on the anterior surface of the scapula between the scapula and the ribs?

Back 51

medially rotates the arm

Front 52

what is the origin of the supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located superior to the scapular spine?

Back 52

supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Front 53

what is the insertion of the supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located superior to the scapular spine?

Back 53

the greater tubrucle of the humerous

Front 54

what is the action of the supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located superior to the scapular spine?

Back 54

abducts the arm as when you start to execute a pitch of a baseball with your arm fully abducted

Front 55

what is the origin of the infraspinous muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located inferior to the scapular spine?

Back 55

infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Front 56

what is the insertion of the infraspinous muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located inferior to the scapular spine?

Back 56

the greater tubrucle of the humerous

Front 57

what is the action of the infraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located inferior to the scapular spine?

Back 57

abducts and laterally rotates the arm, like when you slow down your arm after pitching a baseball

Front 58

what are the four rotator cuff muscles that provide strength and stablity for the glenohumeral joint?

Back 58

The subscapularis, the supraspinous, infraspinatus, and teres minor

Front 59

what is the origin of the subscapularis muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located on the anterior surface of the scapula between the scapula and the ribs?

Back 59

the subscapular fossa of the scapula

Front 60

what is the insertion of the subscapularis muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located on the anterior surface of the scapula between the scapula and the ribs?

Back 60

the lesser tubrucle of the humerus

Front 61

what is the action of the subscapularis muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located on the anterior surface of the scapula between the scapula and the ribs?

Back 61

medially rotates the arm

Front 62

what is the origin of the supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located superior to the scapular spine?

Back 62

supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Front 63

what is the insertion of the supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located superior to the scapular spine?

Back 63

the greater tubrucle of the humerous

Front 64

what is the action of the supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located superior to the scapular spine?

Back 64

abducts the arm as when you start to execute a pitch of a baseball with your arm fully abducted

Front 65

what is the origin of the infraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located inferior to the scapular spine?

Back 65

infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Front 66

what is the insertion of the infraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located inferior to the scapular spine?

Back 66

the greater tubrucle of the humerous

Front 67

what is the action of the infraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles located inferior to the scapular spine?

Back 67

abducts and laterally rotates the arm, like when you slow down your arm after pitching a baseball

Front 68

what are the most commonly injured muscles of the rotator cuff?

Back 68

ther infraspinatus and the teres minor

Front 69

in what people is rotator cuff injury most common?

Back 69

baseball players

Front 70

what is an almost immediate symptom of rotator cuff injury?

Back 70

a sharp pain in the shoulder region

Front 71

what is the most common type of rotator cuff repair?

Back 71

surgery

Front 72

true or false: most athletes regain full athletic use of their injured shoulder after surgery

Back 72

false, most athletes never regain full athletic use of their injured shoulder after surgery

Front 73

what is the origin of the teres minor muscle, which is located inferior to the infraspinatus?

Back 73

the lateral border of the scapula

Front 74

what is the insertion of the teres minor muscle, which is located inferior to the infraspinatus?

Back 74

the greater tubercle of the humerous

Front 75

what is the action of the teres minor muscle, which is located inferior to the infraspinatus?

Back 75

abducts and laterally rotates the arm, like when you slow down your arm after pitching a baseball

Front 76

which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for abduction of the arm?

Back 76

the latissimus dorsi and the supraspinatus

Front 77

which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for adduction of the arm?

Back 77

the latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, teres major and minor, and infraspinatus

Front 78

which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for extension of the arm?

Back 78

The latissimus dorsi, the posterior fibers of the deltoid, the teres major, and the long head of the triceps brachii

Front 79

which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for flexion of the arm?

Back 79

pectoralis major, the anterior fibers of the deltoid, the long head of the biceps brachii

Front 80

which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for lateral rotation of the arm?

Back 80

infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior fibers of the deltoid

Front 81

which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for abduction of the arm?

Back 81

the latissimus dorsi and the supraspinatus

Front 82

which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for adduction of the arm?

Back 82

the latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, teres major and minor, and infraspinatus

Front 83

which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for extension of the arm?

Back 83

The latissimus dorsi, the posterior fibers of the deltoid, the teres major, and the long head of the triceps brachii

Front 84

which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for flexion of the arm?

Back 84

pectoralis major, the anterior fibers of the deltoid, the long head of the biceps brachii

Front 85

which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for lateral rotation of the arm?

Back 85

infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior fibers of the deltoid

Front 86

which muscles at the glenohumeral joint are responsible for medial rotation of the arm?

Back 86

subscapularis, anterior fibers of the deltoid, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, teres major

Front 87

flexing the forearm is synonymous to flexing the ____ joint

Back 87

elbow

Front 88

the muscles of the arms are divided into two compartments, anterior or _____ compartment, and the posterior or ______ compartment

Back 88

flexor, extensor

Front 89

the biceps brachii is the main _____ of the anterior compartment of the arm

Back 89

flexor

Front 90

the triceps brachii is the main _____ of the posterior department of the arm

Back 90

extensor

Front 91

the ______ is a large two headed muscle on the anterior surface of the humerus

Back 91

biceps brachii

Front 92

what is the origin of the biceps brachii?

Back 92

the long head originates on the supraglenoid tubrucle of the scapula

Front 93

what is the insertion of the biceps brachii?

Back 93

the radial tuberocity and bicipital aponeurosis

Front 94

what is the action of the biceps brachii muscle?

Back 94

flexes the elbow joint and is a powerful supinator of the forearm (tightening a screw with right hand)

Front 95

the ______ is a large three headed muscle on the posterior surface of the humerous

Back 95

triceps brachii

Front 96

the biceps and triceps brachii are ______ to one another

Back 96

antagonistic

Front 97

the origin of the long head of hte triceps brachii is....

Back 97

the infraglenoid tubrucle of the scapula

Front 98

the origin of the lateral head of the triceps brachii is....

Back 98

on the posterior humerous above the radial groove

Front 99

the origin of the medial head of the triceps brachii is....

Back 99

on the posterior humerous below the radial groove

Front 100

the flexor retinaculum

Back 100

holds tendons close

Front 101

what is the insertion of the triceps brachii

Back 101

the olecranon of the ulna

Front 102

what is the action of the triceps brachii?

Back 102

it is the primary extensor of the elbow joint

Front 103

the long head of the _____ crosses the glenohumeral joint where it helps extend the humerous

Back 103

triceps brachii

Front 104

the long head of the _______ goes through the intertubercular groove

Back 104

biceps brachii