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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chemical change
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a charge that alters the make-up of the element or molecules of a substance
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Physical change
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a change that affects the appearance but not the chemical makeup of a substance
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diffusion
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the random motion of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
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osmosis
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The tendency of a solvent to travel across a semi permeable membrane into areas of higher solute concentration
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Isomers
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Two different molecules that have the same chemical formula
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Monosaccharides
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Simple carbohydrates that contain 3 to 10 carbon atoms
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Hydrolysis
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Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water
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Saturated fat
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A lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms
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Gene
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A section of DNA that codes for the production of a protein or a portion of protein,thereby causing a trait
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Chromosome
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A strand of DNA coiled around and supported by proteins,found in the nucleus of the cell
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Diploid cell
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A cell with chromosomes that come in homologous pairs
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haploid cell
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A cell that has only one representative of each chromosome pair
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Virus
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A non-cellular infectious agent that has two characteristics:
1. It has genetic material (RNA or DNA) inside a protective coat 2. It cannot reproduce on it's own |
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Absorption
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The transport of dissolved substances into cells
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Digestion
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The breakdown of absorbed substances
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Respiration
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The breakdown of food molecule with release of energy
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Excretion
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THe removal of soluble waste materials
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Egestion
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The removal of non-soluble waste materials
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Secretion
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THe release of biosynthesized substances
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Mitochondria
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THe organelle in animal cells responsible for hydrolysis reactions that break down proteins, polysaccharides, disaccharides and some lipids
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Ribosomes
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Non-membrane-bound organelles responsible for protein synthesis
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Rough ER
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ER that is dotted with ribosomes
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Smoothe ER
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ER that hs no ribosomes
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Golgi bodies
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The organelles in which proteins and lipids are stored and then modified to suit the needs of the cell
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Chromoplasts
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Organelles that contain pigments used in photosynthesis
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Hypersonic solution
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a solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell that resides in the solution
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Hypotonic solution
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A solution in which the concentration of solutes is less than that of the cell which resides in the solution
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Leucoplasts
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Organelles that store starches of oils
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