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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Absorption
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The transport of dissolved substances into cells
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Activation energy
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Energy necessary to get a chemical reaction going
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Active transport
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Movement of molecules through the plasma membrane (typically opposite the dictates of osmosis or diffusion) aided by a chemical process
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Anticondon
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A three-nucleoctide sequence on tRNA
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Cell wall
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A rigid substance on the outside of certain cells, usually plant and bacteria cells
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Central vacuole
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A large vacuole that rests at the center of most plant cells and is filled with a solution which contains a high concentration of solutes
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Chromatin
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Clusters of DNA and proteins in the nucleus
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Chromoplasts
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Organelles that contain pigments used in photosynthesis
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Codon
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A sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that refer to a specific type of amino acid
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Cytology
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The study of cells
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Cytolysis
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The rupturing of a cell due to excess internal pressure
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Cytoplasm
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A jelly-like fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
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Cytoplasmic streaming
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The motion of the cytoplams which results in a coordinated movement of the cell's organelles
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Digestion
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The breakdown of absorbed substances
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Egestion
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The removal of non-soluble waste materials
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Endoplasmic reticulum
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An organelle composed of an extensive network of folded membranes which perform several tasks within a cell
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Excretion
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The removal of soluble waste materials
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Golgi bodies
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The organelles where proteins and lipids are stored and then modified to suit the needs of the cell
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Homeostasis
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Maintaining the status quo in a cell
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Hypertonic solution
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A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell which resides in the solution
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Ions
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Substances in which at least one atom has an imbalance of protons and electrons
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Isotonic solution
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A solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution
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Leucoplasts
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Organelles that store starches or oils
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Respiration
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The break-down of food molecules with a release of energy
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Secretion
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The release of biosynthesized substances for use by other cells
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Reproduction
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Producing more cells
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