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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the 3 cause of aplastic anemia? which is most common?
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- idiopathic: most common
- secondary - inherited |
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what is aplastic anemia?
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a disorder of stem cell failure leading to pancytopenia in the absence of splenomegaly
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what is the criteria for severe aplastic anemia?
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- < 25% cellularity in the bone marrow
or - < 50% cellularity in the bone marrow and 2 of the following 1. absolute retic count <40,000 2. absolute granulocyte count < 500 3. platelet count < 20,000 |
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what is the prognosis of a patient with aplastic anemia?
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poor. 70% will die within 1 year unless successfully treated
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what are the main treatment options for a person with aplastic anemia?
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- immunosuppressive therapy
- bone marrow transplant |
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what is the major concern with a bone marrow transplant?
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graft vs host disease
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T or F: there is no concerns with giving a blood transfusion to a patient who is a potential bone marrow recipient.
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false; you should avoid giving potential transplant recipients transfused blood at all costs
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T or F: the majority of patient who relapse after immunosuppressive therapy will respond to a 2nd course.
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true
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T or F: the earlier the patient responds to immunosuppressive therapy, the lower the risk of a relapse.
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false; the earlier they respond, the higher the risk of a relapse
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describe the ideal bone marrow transplant patient.
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a young person, with no history of a blood transfusion, and a higher absolute granulocyte count
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what is the major predictor of 20 year survival in bone marrow transplant recipients?
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the presence or absence of graft vs host disease
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what are the long term complications of bone marrow transplants?
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- myelodysplastic syndromes
- acute leukemias - non-hodgkins lymphoma - solid tumors |
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what will patients with aplastic anemia present with?
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pancytopenia
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what are the major bone marrow finding in aplastic anemia?
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- decrease in all blood elements
- marrow space composed primarily of fat cells and marrow stroma - residual hemopoietic cells that are normal |
