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160 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the minimum shell thickness for hot tapping a 10" nozzle into the first course of an AST?
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3/8"
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A peripheral seal of an IFR shall be designed to accommodate ___ inches of local deviation between the floating roof and the seal?
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+/- 4
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What rod must be used to make hot taps or for reconstruction of an AST?
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7018: 653 9.14.1.3
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The new nameplate for a reconstructed API 653 tank shall be placed_______________? |
Adjacent to the existing nameplate
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Radiographs for reconstructed tanks shall be_________? |
retained for at least 1 year |
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Brittle fracture is not a consideration if the tank shell thickness is_______?
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______Welds do not need a welder certification.
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Roof plate
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Roof plates of AST's shall be repaired or replaced if the average thickness is _________.
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less than .09" in 100 sqin area.
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If a jurisdiction's requirements are more stringent than API 653 then__________?
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the requirements of the jurisdiction shall govern
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An organization removed a door sheet from a 650 AST. They want to replace it with different metallurgy. They should_____________.
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Obtain written approval from the AI or an experienced tank engineer
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API 650 tanks are designed for internal pressure ~ atmospheric or _________.
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internal pressure not exceeding the weight of the roof plates
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3 types of external inspections of AST's are _____?
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Routine in service, Formal external VT & UT on shell
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The permissible out of plumb for a reconstructed 48' tall, 100' diameter tank is_________?
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5", 1/100 of the height or max 5" cause its reconstructed. 1/100 on new tank.
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With unknown corrosion rate the tank bottom actual thickness shall be determined by internal inspection within the first _______ years.
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10 years
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In 7 years the following inspections should be made on an AST:
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Formal VT/External UT |
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API 653 specifies what minimum temperature for preheat on plate over 1.5"
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200F
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Routine visual in service inspections of ASTs from the ground may be done by _______________.
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Owner/User Personnel other than AI |
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A formal visual external inspection by an AI shall be made at least every ______ years or at RCA / 4n years, whichever is less.
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5 years
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External, UT measurements of a new tank shell when corrosion rate is unknown shall be made not later than ____ years after commissioning.
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5 years
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_____ hydrogen rods are not required for bottom welds.
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low hydrogen |
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When a full hydrostatic test is required on an API 653 tank, it shall be held for ____ hours. |
24
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On an API 653 tank, a full hydrostatic is always required on ______.
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a reconstructed tank
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The max acceptable undercutting on horizontal butt welds of a reconstructed tank is _____ inches.
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1/32
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The min number of settlement points around a tank is____.
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8 |
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The max spacing of settlement points is ______'. |
32 feet
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__________ is not considered shell distortion?
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Uniform tank settlement
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If API 653 is in conflict with any regulation that is more stringent, _________________.
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The regulation governs. |
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If a contractor relocates or reconstructs an AST, the limit of responsibility is defined by _______.
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The owner operator. |
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If a weld is made on an in-service, reconstructive tank shell thicker than 1" the base metal within three inches shall be heated to a temp of ______. |
140F |
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Widely scattered pits may be ignored provided (no pit depth is...)_______ and the sum of their dimensions along a vertical line does not exceed 2" in an 8" length.
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no pit depth is greater than 1/2 tmin exclusive of the corrosion allowance.
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The critical zone is that portion of the bottom or annular plate within _________" of the inside edge of the shell, measured ___________.
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3" radially inward |
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What repairs are allowed within the critical zone of repair of a tank bottom? (3)
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widely scattered pits, pinholes and cracks |
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In addition to API 650 requirements, API 653 requires _________ radiographs for a repaired vertical weld joint.
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1 |
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When a weld fails RT on an API 650 tank how many additional radiographs are required.
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2 spots adjacent to the unacceptable weld. |
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On a reconstructed tank, with a horizontal sweep board, 36" long, peaking shall not exceed _______".
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1/2"
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What is the max out of plumbness on a reconstructed 48' high tank with 127 diameter?
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1/100 or 5" max
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What is the main factor in determining the efficiency of a rivet joint in a tank? |
The number of rivet rows.
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A new 100 feet diameter tank must have at least ______ thick shell plates.
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1/4" |
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Welders are qualified to what standard or code?
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ASME section IX |
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Radiographs of repaired work and their records shall be marked with____________.
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R(rrrrr matey!)
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All leaks in pontoons or compartments of double deck floating roofs shall be repaired by ______.
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rewelding the leaking joints or using pack plates. |
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Acceptance criteria for a radiograph of a repaired weld on a new tank is found in _____.
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Section VIII of the ASME code |
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API Standard 653 requires new welds of shell to bottom plate to be inspected :
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their entire length by right-angle vacuum box and solution film or by applying light diesel oil. |
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Subsequent internal inspection of AST must not be greater than____years.
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30 years |
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How many UT measurements are required on tank shell?
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Owner/operator judgment |
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A lump of clay in the sand foundation under a tank can cause _____.
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Can cause corrosion and bottom leakage. |
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API requires RT procedures evaluated in accordance with ______.
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ASME section V
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New tank bottom joints shall be VT for defects. They also shall be tested using a vacuum box and solution film or by means of _______. (2)
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Tracer gas and detector. |
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Formal in-service external VT must be conducted by_____. |
Inspector qualified in accordance with API 653
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UT testing inspection of the shell plate for laminations in the effected area is mandatory when _____. |
A reinforcement plate is added to an existing unreinforced shell penetration.
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Which type of repair of a crack is allowed in the tank shell to bottom weld?
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Remove the entire crack and repair the weld. |
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Distortion of anchor bolts and excessive cracking of the concrete structures may be indications of:
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over pressure uplift
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Guidance for evaluation of an existing EFR shall be based on the criteria in____.
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API 650 appendix C
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The recommended procedure for assessing the risk of failure due to brittle fracture is based on ____.
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A decision tree analysis and appropriate factors. |
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Penetrations using insert plates shall have butt weld examined by means of ______.
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Full radiograph |
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Certification that a tank has been reconstructed in accordance with API 653 is normally done by_____. |
reconstruction organization |
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The following must be included in a general inspection report: (3)
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metal thickness Settlement measurements |
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Who has the ultimate responsibility for complying with API 653?
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Owner-Operator |
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radiographs of a reconstructed tank shall be retained for _______(how long?). |
1 year |
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The critical zone is ______" from the inside edge of the tank shell. |
3" |
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For recommended tank with unidentified material, the material shall be _____.
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identified by chemical analysis and sharpy V-notch tested. |
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Foundation settlement shall be measured during filling and when the water reaches _____ % full.
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100 % |
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The max vertical and horizontal dimension of a lapped repair plate is ______ and _____".
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48 and 72 |
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Stress relieved assemblies of shell penetrations shall be examined by VT MT or PT_______. |
After stress relief but before hydrostatic test |
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If it is necessary to replace a roof rim, the new roof rim shall be a min thickness of ____.
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3/16" |
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to minimize evaporation losses and reduce potential hazards to workers no more than _____ of the roof seal should be out at one time.
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1/4 |
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Welding procedure specifications, welders and welding operators shall be qualified in accordance with ____. |
Section IX of the ASME code |
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On a reconstructed tank the welder identification mark shall be stamped in _______ intervals. |
3' |
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The out of roundness caused by tank out of plane settlement may also affect internal roof structures such as ____.(3) |
Columns, rafters and girders |
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The min dimension of a lapped patch shell repair plate is _____". |
4" |
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Relocated tank thickness shall be based on measurements taken within ______ days prior to relocation.
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180 days |
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Tank bottom plate projection must be at least ____". |
3/8" |
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If a tank shell has a thickness no greater than ____" the risk of failure due to brittle fracture is minimal.
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1/2" |
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Where concrete ring walls are provided under the shell the top of the wall shall be level within ____ in any 30' measured from the average elevation. |
+/- 1/8"
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When design and construction details are not given the current edition of ____ must be used.
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API Standard 650 |
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Excess settlement during a hydro test shall be cause to _______. (3)
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Stop the test, investigate and repair foundation. |
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Impact testing is not required for a design temperature of ______. |
greater than 60F |
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The top of a ring wall shall be level within +/- _____ on 30' of circumference and +/-____ in total circumference. |
1/8" and 1/4"
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Maximum bottom settlement is ______ feet between elevation points across the diameter.
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10
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Stress relief assemblies shall be examined by ____ or ____ after stress relieving but before hydro test.
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MT or PT
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_____ additional radiographs shall be taken for new replacement shell plates to existing shell plates.
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1
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A reconstructed tank name plate shall have ______.
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Design conditions listed |
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The min length of readable RT film according to API 653 is _____. |
6" |
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When the corrosion rate of a tank is known the interval between UT thickness shall be the smaller of RCA/2N or ______years.
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15 years
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If the corrosion rate is not known, what is the in-service UT interval?
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5 years |
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______ is considered a major alteration.
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Addition of a 14" nozzle or larger. |
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Hydrostatic stress is based on _____.
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The lesser of 3/4 Sy or 3/7 St |
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If the number of elevation points is N=d/10 how many measurement points are necessary on a 50' diameter tank?
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8 - trick question! The minimum is always 8. |
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The joint between the new material of an insert plate and old material shall be _______.
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butt welded |
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Prior to Magnetic Particle examination, surfaces and adjacent areas within____ must be clean
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1 foot
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When taking ultrasonic thickness readings at high temperatures, for every ____ degrees F. the reading should show an additional 1% of thickness over the actual thickness.
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55
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When performing a Fluorescent Magnetic Particle examination on a tank fabricated in an environment with high humidity, salt content, and low temperatures, how long should you allow your eyes to adapt to the darkness?
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5 minutes
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Loose flaky scales covering an area is associated with what type of corrosion?
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CUI
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When monitoring density limitations of radiographs, either a ____ or a step wedge comparison film shall be used for judging film density. |
densitometer
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An AST was constructed in 1983 with a bottom course thickness of 1 inch. An UT inspection was made in 2009 and the thickness was .81 inches. When should the next UT inspection be done?
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2019
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API 653 covers minimum requirements for maintaining the integrity of above ground storage tanks:
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after placed in service
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In the evaluation of fixed roofs for continued service, attention must be given to:
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the possibility of internal corrosion of pipe columns
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What should the minimum thickness of the bottom plates of a tank designed to have leak detection and containment system at the next inspection be?
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0.5"
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The maximum vertical and horizontal dimension of a lapped patch repair plate is____ inches and ____ inches?
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48,72
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Cavities from grinding and gouging must be examined visually and by:
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magnetic particle or liquid penetrant methods
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Corrosion that occurs when two metals with different compositions are connected in an electrolyte is called:
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galvanic corrosion
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What two systems of cathodic protection are normally used for corrosion control?
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Galvanic and impressed current
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When calculating "L" and determining the min. thickness "t2" of an area of a tank shell, the critical length cannot be more than what?
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40 inches
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What is the minimum length of a vapor tight rim extending above the liquid at the design floatation levelon the periphery of an internal floating roof?
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12 inches
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Tanks that have been physically moved, jacked, or lifted should be:
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retested hydrostatically or subjected to an engineering evaluation.
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An internal floating roof should be designed to support how many personnel?
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2
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Visual inspection should have a light of at least:
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100 Watt halogen light
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What are two likely areas of corrosion on the internal tank shell?
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areas near heating coils and agitators.
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A properly selected and applied bottom lining should be expected to provide a minimum service life of ___ years?
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20
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_____ is an electrode of an electrochemical cell where oxidation (corrosion) occurs
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an anode
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Radiographs for an evaluated, repaired, or reconstructed tank shall be retained for: |
1 year
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In regards to installation of primary and secondary seals, the roof rim thickness is found to be 0.07" to 0.08" thick, it should be
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left as is because it is thick enough
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If a geodesic dome is installed on an external floating roof tank,
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the tank shell must be checked by the manufacture's engineer to make sure it can support the geodesic dome.
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The minimum thickness of new roof plates shall be:
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3/16" plus any corrosion allowance
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To minimize evaporation losses and reduce potential hazards to workers, no more than:
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1/4 of the roof seal system should be out of an in-service tank at one time
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If rook live loads exceed 25Ibs per square foot, the plate thickness shall be:
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1/4" plus corrosion allowance
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Where tank foundations true to a horizontal plane are specified and concrete ringwalls are not provided, the tolerance are as follows:
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the foundation under the shell shall be level with plus or minus 1/4" in any 10 feet of circumference and w/I plus or minus 3/4"in the total circumference measured from average elevation
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When a tank is reconstructed, the welder's identification mark shall be hand or machine stamped adjacent to intervals along the completed weld not exceeding:
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3' along the completed welds
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In lieu of stamping complete welds:
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a record must be kept that identifies the welder or welding operator employed for each welded joint
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What type of tank settlement can often be predicted in advance, with sufficient accuracy from soil tests?
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Uniform settlement
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What type of tank settlement generally rotates the tank in a tilted plane?
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Out-of-plane settlement
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What type of tank settlement does not induce stresses in the tank structure?
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Uniform settlement
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What type of tilt of a tank will cause an increase in the liquid level and, therefore, an increase in the hoop stress in the tank shell?
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Differential settlement
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What type of tank settlement is characterized by settlement of a tank at different rates and locations?
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Out-of-plane settlement
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What type of tank settlement leads to lack of circularity at the top of the tank, and may induce improper functioning of the floating roof? |
Out-of-plane settlement
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What is the allowable stress for computing acceptable thickness for riveted shells using the formula of paragraph 4.3.3.1 of API Standard 653?
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21000 psi.
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The minimum permitted dimension of a lapped patch shell repair plate is:
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12"
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When calculating the maximum allowable hydrostatic test pressure for a new tank shell, "t" is the:
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min. measured plate thk., less any corrosion allowance, shall be used in calculation.
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When the service of an aboveground storage tank is changed:
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the effects on normal and emergency venting shall be considered
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The thickness to be used for each shell course when checking the design for a reconstructed and relocated tank shall be based on measurements taken within ____ days prior to relocation |
180
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What type of corrosion is associated with paint coating failure and heavy iron oxide scale being present?
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atmospheric corrosion |
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Measurements to verify the dimensional tolerances of a reconstructed aboveground storage tank shall be taken:
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before the hydrostatic test of the tanl
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The most common stray current and the potentially most damaging to aboveground storage tank bottom is:
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alternating current
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An example of galvanic reaction that could lead to corrosion is:
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when a stainless steel or copper material is connected to a carbon steel tank
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Current, in galvanic corrosion, is considered to flow:
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from the less active metal (anode) to the more active metal (cathode)
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What would be the highest acceptable Brinell hardness limit 9Cr-1M0 material?
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200
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What provides the same advantages as a concrete cushion for reducing corrosion and eliminating the need for cathodic protection?
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asphalt
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The projection of the bottom plate beyond the outside toe to the shell-to-bottom weld of an AP-653 tank shall be at least ____ inch
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.3750
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Corrosive soil beneath a high resistivity foundation material may be contaminate foundation fill by:
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capillary action
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In certain cases when considering protecting a tank bottom, internal cathodic protection in conjunction with a ___ may be applicable
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lining
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If large particle sizes are used in the cushion beneath a tank bottom, differential aeration ____ may result at points where the large particles or debris contract the bottom
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corrosion
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Tank-to-soil potential measurements are typically taken with:
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the current applied
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What is generally considered the normal service life of a properly selected and applied internal tank bottom lining?
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15-25 years
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A thin film tank bottom lining is considered to be less than ____mils
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20
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A thick film bottom lining is considered to be ____mils or greater
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20
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Define Forced-curving of an internal tank lining
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An acceleration of curing by increasing the temp. above ambient, accompanied by forced air circulation
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Define holiday in relation to a tank internal lining
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Discontinuity in a coating film that exposes the metal surface of the environment
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Thin-film may be applied to:
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new tanks and to bottoms of storage tanks that have experienced minimal corrosion
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If caustic is stored in an aboveground storage tank, what would be the most likely problem found and where?
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Pitting on the tank bottom and shell near internal heating coils
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What flashlight beam gives the best result when checking for pits, bulges, and depressions during an internal inspection of the shell?
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thirty degrees to approximately perpendicular to the surface to be inspected
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Abrasive blasting prior to installation of an internal tank lining should not be performed if the temperature of the steel surface is less than____ above the dew point
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5 degrees F
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Prior to determining the need for cathodic protection of an aboveground storage tank:
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a full evaluation of tank history is advised
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Lapped patch repair plates are an acceptable form of repair for butt-welded, lap-welded, and riveted tank shells, but only when:
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specified by the tank owner
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Which of the following welding electrodes is NOT low hydrogen
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E7048
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A deep anode groundbed uses impressed current anodes installed in a single vertical hole typically:
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50 feet or more
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The minimum height of the tank liquid above the hot tap location shall be at least ____ feet during the hot tapping operation
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three
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Cathodic protection surveys are recommended to ensure effectiveness every:
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36 months
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A tank has a thickness of .83 inch on its bottom course, the minimum thickness of the bottom course is .75 inch. What is the remaining life of the tank if its corrosion rate is .007 inch per year?
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11.43 years
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How much minimum overlap beyond the seam is required, if a lapped repair plate crosses any butt-welded vertical or horizontal shell seam that has been ground flushed?
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6 inches
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External leaks on aboveground storage tank shells are often marked by a:
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discoloration or the absence of paint in the area below the leak
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