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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the 4 main areas of the brain related to language processing? |
Broca's area Wernicke's area Arculate fasciculus Angular gyrus |
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What is an aphasia? |
Language disorders are typically called aphasia and are the result of neurological damage causing damage to comprehension or production of language |
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What might result in aphasia? |
Neurological damage like trauma, infections or vascular disease |
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Tell me what you know of hemispheric damage and language disorders. What is the test called? |
90%-95% of language disorders are left hemispheric Wada test can determine hemispheric damage |
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What is agrammatic aphasia? What does it influence? |
Difficulty producing or understanding the structure of sentences |
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What is broca's aphasia and what does it result in and from? |
Damage to broca's area, damage to part of brain responsible for planning speech. Patients have difficulty producing speech |
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What is wernicke's aphasia, and what does it result from and in? |
Damage to wernicke's area which is responsible for speech comprehension. Patients have trouble understanding speech |
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What is conduction aphasia? What area is damaged and what parts of language are affected? |
Damage to connection between broca's and wernicke's area: Arculate fasciculus Problems producing spontaneous speech and repeating speech |
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What is apraxis? |
Results from lesion to insula Difficulties pronouncing words |
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What is global aphasia? |
Global damage to areas involved in speech Non - fluent aphasia with severe impairment in producing and comprehending speech. Unable to say or write more than a few words |
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What is transcortical sensory aphasia? |
Results in poor auditory comprehension. Similar to wernicke's but strong ability to repeat words and phrases (ecolalia) |
Similar to wernicke's |
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What is transcortical motor aphasia |
Non fluent aphasia similar to broca's but with preserved repetition Generally good auditory comprehension but reduced speech and difficulties producing spontaneous speech |
Similar to broca's |
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Name 3 common speech traits in aphasia |
Paraphrasia Neologism Ecolalia |
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What is paraphrasia? |
substitution of a word or sound with an incorrect or unintended word |
"Paraphrase" |
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What is neologism? |
Paraphrasia with a completely novel word |
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What is ecolalia? |
Automatic repetition of vocalisations made by another person |
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Give an example of a speech trait you might see in broca's aphasia |
Paraphrasia (incorrect substitution of word) |
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Give an example of a speech trait you might see in wernicke's aphasia |
Neologism (substitution of a novel word) |
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Give an example of a speech trait you might see in conduction aphasia |
Paraphrasia ( substitution of a incorrect or unintended word) |
Similar to broca's |
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Give an example of a speech trait you might see in transcortical sensory aphasia (tsa) |
Paraphrasia and ecolalia |
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Give an example of what speech traits you might see in transcortical motor aphasia |
Ecolalia |
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What kinds of neuro imaging might you use to detect damage to language areas in brain? |
PET scans ERP method |
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