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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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one party controls the White House and another party controls on or both houses on Congress
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divided government
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the same party controls the White House and both Houses of Congress
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unified government
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the inability of the government to act because rival parties control different parts of the government
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gridlock
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the people chosen to cast each state's votes in a presidential election
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electoral college
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How many electoral votes does a state have?
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Can cast one electoral vote for each senator and representative it has
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a president's subordinates report to him through a clear chain of command headed by a chief of staff
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pyramid structure
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several of the president's assistants report directly to him
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circular structure
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several subordinates, cabinet officers, and committees report directly to the president on different matters
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ad hoc structure
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the heads of the fifteen executive brnch departments of the federal government
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cabinet
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the president's use of his prestige and visibility to guide or enthuse the American public
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bully pulpit
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a message from the President to Congress stating that he will not sign a bill it has passed. Must be produced within ten days of the bill's passage
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veto message
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an executive's ability to block a particular provision in a bill passed by the legislature
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line-item veto
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the authority of Congress to block a presidential action after it has taken place
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legislative veto
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The Supreme Court says that Congress can't use this kind of veto
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legislative veto
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charges against a president approved by a majority of the House
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impeachment
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a person still in office after he or she has lost a bid for reelection
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lame duck
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What are three major differences between the president and the prime minister?
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The Presidents are Outsiders
The Presidents choose cabinet members outside of office The President has no guaranteed majority in legislature |
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Is gridlock necessary?
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Yes, it helps balance all sides of the view when passing legislation for the nation
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When did the "no name" president result?
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When Congress re-established power
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What are the three structures of a president's office?
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Pyramid, Circular, and Ad hoc
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Who used a pyramid structure?
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Eisenhower, Nixon, Reagan, and Bush
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Who used a circular structure?
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Carter
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Who used an ad hoc structure?
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Clinton (temporarily)
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What are the problems of each structure?
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pyramid- isolate or misinform president
circular- confusion and conflicting assistants ad hoc- cuts off from government officials |
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What is the most important office in the White House? What does it do?
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Office of Management and Budget.
Works on the National Budget |
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Who are the three audiences of the President?
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Washington Colleagues
Party activists and officeholders outside DC The public |
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What protects executive privilege?
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Separation of powers
Right to candid and confidential adivce |
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What are two ways President's can make their programs?
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Have a policy on everything
Concentrate on major parts leave everything to everyone else |
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What are the two key issues Presidents have to deal with?
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State of economy
Foreign affairs |
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Who were the Presidents that were impeached but not convicted?
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Nixon and Johnson
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What are the powers of the President?
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-serve as commander in chief
-grants reprieves and pardons to federal offences (except impeachment) -Convene special Congress sessions -Receive ambassadors -Wield "executive power" -Appoint officials to lesser offices |
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What is the strength and weakness of using Interest Groups as a source?
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Strength: Will have specific plans and ideas
Weakness: Will have narrow views of public interest |
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What is the strength and weakness of using Aides and Campaign Advisors as a source?
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Strength: Will test new ideas for their political soundness
Weakness: Will not have many ideas to test, being inexperienced in government |
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What is the strength and weakness of using Federal Bureaus and Agencies as a source?
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Strength: Will know what is feasible in terms of governmental realities
Weakness: Will propose plans that promote own agencies and will not have good information on whether plans will work |
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What is the strength and weakness of using Outside, Academic, and other Specialists and Experts?
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Strength: Will have many general ideas about criticisms of existing programs
Weakness: Will not know the details of policy or have good judgement as to what is feasible |
