Dogs Dogs Dogs

Front 1

Define ecology

Back 1

Study of how organisms interact with one another and with their nonliving environment

Front 2

What is meant by sustainable yield?

Back 2

The highest rate at which a renewable resource can be used

Front 3

Explain the difference between point and nonpoint pollution

Back 3

Point sources are single, identifiable sources.

Nonpoint sources are dispersed and difficult to identify

Front 4

What is meant by positive feedback loop?

Back 4

Causes a system to change further in the same direction

Front 5

How is a biome defined?

Back 5

Large regions with distinct climates and certain species adapted to them.

Most defining factor is climate

Front 6

What is being compared at each level in a pyramid of biomass, a pyramid of energy and a pyramid of numbers?

Back 6

Pyramid of biomass shows the mass transferred, Pyramid of energy shows the energy transferred, and pyramid of numbers shows how many organisms are on each level

Front 7

Source of hydrologic cycle

Back 7

Powered by energy from the sun

Front 8

What are the adaptations of humans that have made them so successful?

Back 8

Opposable thumbs, walking upright and a complex brain

Front 9

How many mass extinctions of 25-70% of species have occurred?

Back 9

5

Front 10

Define species richness

Back 10

The abundance of individuals within each species

Front 11

What are the differences between generalist and specialist species?

Back 11

Generalists have broad niches and specialists have narrow niches

Front 12

Identify and explain which of the following species would be considered a specialist species- Raccoon, Giant Panda, Cockroach

Back 12

Giant Panda is a specialist species because it only eats bamboo and has a low birth rate

Front 13

List the specific roles species can play within an ecosystem

Back 13

Native, invasive, indicator, keystone or foundation

Front 14

A species in an ecosystem that plays a central role in the health of that ecosystem and whose removal may cause the collapse of the ecosystem, is called what?

Back 14

Keystone

Front 15

Define foundation species

Back 15

Creates or enhances their habitat to help other species

Front 16

Give an example of interspecific competition

Back 16

Humans take native species trees

Front 17

A tapeworm is an example of what

Back 17

Parasite

Front 18

Multiple species cannot share the same ecological niche for an extended period of time due to what principle

Back 18

Competitive Exclusion Principle

Front 19

Give an example of coevolution

Back 19

Bats and Moths

Front 20

A classic example of __________ is the relationship between a clownfish and a sea anenome

Back 20

Mutualism

Front 21

What is the biotic potential of a population?

Back 21

Capacity for population growth under ideal conditions

Front 22

What are the age structure categories?

Back 22

Pre-Reproductive, Reproductive and Post-Reproductive

Front 23

When a population has grown to a point at which its habitat can no longer be sustained without degradation, that population likely has reached its ____________

Back 23

Carrying Capacity

Front 24

On a population vs time graph, a J-shaped curve represents what type of growth

Back 24

Exponential

Front 25

Native prairie grasses show strong ______, as they are able to survive brush fires and moderate disturbances

Back 25

Resilience

Front 26

Define tipping point

Back 26

Any additional stress will cause the system to change in an abrupt way

Front 27

Differentiate between climate and weather

Back 27

Weather is short-term while climate is based off of long periods of time

Front 28

What is the primary limiting factor for rain forests?

Back 28

Soil Nutrients

Front 29

Describe the relative biodiversity of marine species in the coastal, euphotic, bathyal and abyssal zone

Back 29

Coastal-90% of all marine species, Euphotic-has many producers, Bathyal-Zooplankton and smaller fish, Abyssal-Decomposers/Filter Feeders

Front 30

How are the 3 types of lakes different?

Back 30

Oligotrophic have a small supply of plant nutrients, Eutrophic has a large supply of nutrients and Mesotrophic is in between these

Front 31

What is background extinction?

Back 31

Continuous low level of extinction

Front 32

What is the difference between instrumental and intrinsic value?

Back 32

Instrumental is what the species provides and intrinsic is its right to exist

Front 33

What are the threats to species?

Back 33

HIPPCO

Front 34

What is the effect of habitat fragmentation?

Back 34

Will have less species and less adaptations to survive there

Front 35

Describe the overall purpose of CITES and ESA

Back 35

CITES aims to reduce international trade of many threatened animals and the ESA identifies and protects endangered species

Front 36

What are the two types of forest fires?

Back 36

Surface and Crown. Crown is more dangerous

Front 37

Define deforestation and the 3 major methods

Back 37

The temporary of permanent removal of large expanses of forests. Burning, Clear Cutting, Logging.

Front 38

Describe how rangelands and pastures are different from each other and savannas

Back 38

Rangelands are unfenced grasslands and pastures are managed grasslands. Savannas encompass both of these

Front 39

What are issues affecting national parks in the US?

Back 39

They are too popular, nonnative species, native species are killed illegally and there is polluted air

Front 40

Define wilderness

Back 40

Area where the earth and its ecosystems have not been seriously disturbed by humans

Front 41

What does HIPPCO stand for?

Back 41

Habitat destruction, Invasive species, Population and resource growth, Pollution, Climate change and Overexploitation

Front 42

What impact do trawlers have on ocean-floor ecosystems?

Back 42

They destroy coral reef habitats and the animals that live there and disturb the ocean floor.

Front 43

What is the difference between biological and commercial extinction?

Back 43

Commercial extinction is when an area is no longer making a profit and biological extinction is when the animals die.

Front 44

What countries still practice whaling today?

Back 44

Japan, Norway, Iceland and Russia

Front 45

Evolution

Back 45

Evolution is the change in the genetic characteristics from one generation to the next.

Front 46

Natural Selection

Back 46

Natural Selection is when some individuals have enhanced traits.

Front 47

Genetic Drift

Back 47

Genetic Drift is the change of the frequency of a genetic trait.

Front 48

Geographic Isolation

Back 48

Geographic isolation is when genes are separated physically.

Front 49

Importance of Mutations

Back 49

Mutations are important because they bring new genetic traits which can help a individual to have better survival chances

Front 50

Hydrosphere

Back 50

Hydrosphere is the water.

Front 51

Biosphere

Back 51

Biosphere is where life exists.

Front 52

Lithosphere

Back 52

Lithosphere is the outer part of the earth.

Front 53

Geosphere

Back 53

Geosphere is the inside of the earth.

Front 54

Atmosphere

Back 54

Atmosphere surrounds the earth

Front 55

Autotroph

Back 55

Autotrophs are producers.

Front 56

Herbivore

Back 56

Herbivores eat plants.

Front 57

Carnivore

Back 57

Carnivores eat meat

Front 58

Omnivore

Back 58

Omnivores eat plants and meat

Front 59

Detritrove

Back 59

Detritivores feed on the wastes or dead bodies of organisms

Front 60

Decomposer

Back 60

Decomposers break down dead bodies

Front 61

Habitats

Back 61

The place where a population normally lives

Front 62

Populations

Back 62

Group of individuals of the same species living in the same place at the same time

Front 63

Communities

Back 63

All of the populations that live in a single place

Front 64

Ecosystems

Back 64

Community interacting with each other and with the abiotic factors