Apes 5

Front 1

inland wetland

Back 1

Land away from the coast, such as a swamp, marsh, or bog, that is covered all or part of the time with fresh water

Front 2

benthos

Back 2

Bottom-dwelling organisms

Front 3

coastal wetland

Back 3

Land along a coastline, extending inland from an estuary that is covered with salt water all or part of the year. Examples are marshes, bays, lagoons, tidal flats, and mangrove swamps

Front 4

lake

Back 4

Large natural body of standing fresh water formed when water from precipitation, land runoff, or groundwater flow fills a depression in the earth created by (1) glaciation, (2) earth movement, (3) volcanic activity, or (4) a giant meteorite

Front 5

open sea

Back 5

The part of an ocean that is beyond the continental shelf

Front 6

coral reef

Back 6

Formation produced by massive colonies containing billions of tiny coral animals, called polyps, that secrete a stony substance (calcium carbonate) around themselves for protection. When the corals die, their empty outer skeletons form layers that cause the reef to grow. They are found in the coastal zones of warm tropical and subtropical oceans.

Front 7

freshwater life zones

Back 7

Aquatic systems where water with a dissolved salt concentration of less than 1% by volume accumulates on or flows through the surfaces of terrestrial biomes. Examples are (1) standing (lentic) bodies of fresh water such as lakes, ponds, and inland wetlands and (2) flowing (lotic) systems such as streams and rivers

Front 8

decomposer

Back 8

A heterotroph that obtains energy by chemically breaking down the remains, products, or wastes of other organisms. Decomposers help cycle nutrients to producers in ecosystems. Certain fungi and bacteria are examples

Front 9

coastal zone

Back 9

Warm, nutrient-rich, shallow part of the ocean that extends from the high-tide mark on land to the edge of a shelflike extension of continental land masses known as the continental shelf.--

Front 10

estuary

Back 10

Partially enclosed coastal area at the mouth of a river where its fresh water, carrying fertile silt and runoff from the land, mixes with salty seawater

Front 11

euphotic zone

Back 11

Upper layer of a body of water through which sunlight can penetrate and support photosynthesis.

Front 12

euphotic lake

Back 12

Lake with a large or excessive supply of plant nutrients, mostly nitrates and phosphates

Front 13

mesotrophic lake

Back 13

Lake with a moderate supply of plant nutrients

Front 14

barrier islands

Back 14

Long, thin, low offshore islands of sediment that generally run parallel to the shore along some coasts

Front 15

intertidal zone

Back 15

The area of shoreline between low and high tides

Front 16

nekton

Back 16

Strongly swimming organisms found in aquatic systems

Front 17

plankton

Back 17

Small plant organisms (phytoplankton) and animal organisms (zooplankton) that float in aquatic ecosystems

Front 18

oligotrophic lake

Back 18

Lake with a low supply of plant nutrients

Front 19

runoff

Back 19

Fresh water from precipitation and melting ice that flows on the earthUs surface into nearby streams, lakes, wetlands, and reservoirs

Front 20

surface water

Back 20

Precipitation that does not infiltrate the ground or return to the atmosphere by evaporation or transpiration

Front 21

watershed

Back 21

Land area that delivers the water, sediment, and dissolved substances via small streams to a major stream (river