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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The structure and location of things without mention of what they actually do or how they do it...
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Anatomy
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The function of things and how they perform these functions...
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Physiology
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Anatomy vs. physiology
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the structure of an organ or other body part is based on the function....structure matches function and function matches structure.
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Surface area
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absorption of nutrients occurs actoss a surface....organs that are involved with absorption tend to be structured in a way that maximizes the surface area
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common atom found in organic molecules...
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carbon atom
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atoms are assembled into what?
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molecules
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what is the fundamental unit of life?
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cell
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cells are assembled from what?
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molecules
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What is the first level of organization that can be an actual living thing?
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cell
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Some organisms like........are single cells.
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bacteria
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Cells and their products make up what?
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tissue
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Name examples of tissue in the human body....
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muscle tissue
nerve tissue connective tissue |
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these are assembled from multiple tissues....
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organ
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examples of organs in the human body...
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stomach
liver spleen muscle |
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How many organ systems are there in the human body?
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eleven
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can an organ within the body belong to more than one organ system?
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yes
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Name the 11 organ systems.
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Integumentary
Lymphatic Nervous Endocrine Muscular Skeletal Digestive Renal/Urinary Reproductive Cariovascular Respiratory |
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Function of integumentary system.
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the skin which protects the body and also plays a role in vitamin D production, excretion, and thermoregulation
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Function of the lymphatic system.
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produces many of our immune cells and helps drain fluids from our tissues.
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Function of the nervous system.
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controls the orhter systems...communication system and uses electric signals that travel very rapidly
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function of the endocrine system.
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a communication system that uses hormones instead of electric signals.
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Function of muscular system.
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allows movement of the body and materials within the body.
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Function of the skeletal system.
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provides a framework that the body is built around...also plays a role in blood cell production and calcium homeostasis
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function of the digestive system.
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breaks down and absorbs nutrients that we eat and drink...solid waste is eliminated.
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function of the renal/urinary system.
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removes dissolved waste from our body fluids, excretion from the body
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function of reproductive system
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allows for reproduction
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function of cardiovascular system.
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moves dissolved solutes and liquids around the body
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function of the repiratory system
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brings in gaseous nutrient ( oxygen) and eliminates gaseous waste ( carbon dioxide)....also involved in the control of blood ph
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the maintenance of a constant internal environment
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homeostasis
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examples of body regulations kept wihin narrow range for homeostasis
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body temperature
blood calcium blood sugar |
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some structure will always be in charge of detecting deviations from homeostasis...called what?
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receptors
ex. hot cold receptors pain receptors |
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this will take the information provided by the receptors and use it to determine if something needs to be done to maintain homeostasis
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control center
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What will take the information from receptors and activate effectors to correct the problem?
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hypothalamus
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If the body is too warm....
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blood vessels in the skin dilate and increase blood flow the the skin, this allows more increased heat loss. sweat glands will activate to allow sweating which removes heat from the body...
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if body is tooo cold....
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shivering mechanism is activated, blood vessels in skin vasoconstrict...the blood vessels of the skin and skeletal muscles would be the effectors in this example
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receptors in our major arteries will determine if blood pressure is elevated....then if blood pressure is too high...
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they send signals to the brain stem
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Control center Cardiovascular in the brainstem wil decide to take measures aimed at lowering blood pressure
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effectors....hear rate will decrease and many blood vessels will vasodilate,...the heart and blood vessels would be the effectors in this example.
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