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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What caused separation of "have" and "have not" countries?
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The Industrial Revolution
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The Industrial Revolution began in
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Britain
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Why was there an Agricultural Revolution in Britain and how did this contribute to the Industrial Revolution?
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-there were experiments with new techniques in farming, which led to new machines
- less agricultural laborers were needed, so they could work in the cities and contribute to the Industrial Revolution |
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Josiah Wedgewood
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developed a mold for pottery; led to mass production of dishes (key invention of Industial Revolution)
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How did Britain's political stability affect the Industrial Revolution?
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no major internal upheavals allowed a concentration to new machines,
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John Kay
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invented the flying shuttle: increased a weaver's productivity
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James Hargreaves
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invented the spinning jenny: allowed spinners to keep up with weavers
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Richard Arkwright
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invented a water-powered spinning jenny
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Samuel Crompton
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invented machine to use water frame to make thread
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Britain's demand for _____ was first met by India in 1700s, then met by the American south
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cotton
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James Watt
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perfected the steam engine
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_____ revolutionized Britain because it was a cheap way to transport goods, created new jobs, led to new inventions, and transported people
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railroads
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Industrialization later spread to: Europe, the US, Russia and _______, even though British officials forbade the export of machinery
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Japan.
The Japanese and Russian governments both pushed for Industrialization, including railroads. |
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Less industrialized countries provided ______, which were necessary to industrialized countries that produced manufactured products
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raw materials
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What was built by the British and French and connected Mediterranean and Red Seas
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Suez Canal, built in 1850s
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What was built to connect Atlantic and Pacific, and when was it completed?
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Panama Canal, completed 1913
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What caused an increase in population of the Western Hemisphere while the population in Eastern Hemisphere did not decrease
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migration of people from Europe and Asia to the Americas
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Why did wage labor become cheaper than slave labor
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sugar became less profitable, while the prices of slaves remained high
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Toussain L'Overture
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Leader in liberation of Haiti's slaves
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Social Darwinism
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idea that because of natural selection, the "inferior" individuals were those in poverty
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For the US middle class, what was a symbol of success?
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stay-at-home wives
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What lead to political change and revolutions by the late 19th century?
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Ideals of the Enlightenment, and the frustrations of the bourgeoisie, who had economic power, but little political power
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Was the American Revolution or the French Revolution a civil war?
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The French Revolution was a civil war.
The bourgeoisie led a rebellion against the First and Second Estates, or the upper class. |
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Why did King Louis XVI call the Estates-General for the first time in 160 years?
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The country was in economic crisis because of many wars and unhappiness in the lower classes
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Why was the National Assembly created?
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So the bourgeoisie could reform France and write the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
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Who were the Jacobins?
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They were a radical group that wanted to execute those who disagreed with the new government of France. The time period that they guillotined thousands is known as the Reign of Terror.
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Who took control of France in this time of chaos?
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Napoleon Bonaparte
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Why was Napoleon's invasion of Russia unsuccessful?
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The invasion was done in winter and Tsar Alexander I burned the cities before the French armies could arrive, leaving them without food.
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A European alliance defeated ______ at Waterloo in 1815
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Napoleon Bonaparte
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