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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Brahman |
Hindu creative principle which lies realized in the whole world, universal soul |
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Atman |
Atman is part of the universal brahman, with which it can commune or even fuse. So fundamental was the atman deemed to be that certain circles identified it with brahman. |
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Vedas |
A large body of texts originating in ancient India in Vedic Sanskrit the texts, the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest scriptures of Hinduism. |
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Sanskrit |
Primary sacred language of Hinduism, a philosophical language in Buddhism, Hinduism and Jainism. |
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Aryans |
Vedic Indic people who migrated into the Indian subcontinent about 1500 BCE. |
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Dharma |
Religious and moral law governing individual conduct and is one of the four ends of life |
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Karma |
Spiritual principle of cause and effect where intent and actions of an individual influence the future of that individual. |
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Reincarnation |
The religious or philosophical concept that the soul or spirit, after biological death, can begin a new life in a new body. |
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Varna |
Sanskrit word which means character, quality or nature, describing the division of classes |
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Brahmin |
Highest caste in the brahman caste system, representative of the mouth of Brahma meant to carry out religious word |
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Kshatriya |
Second highest caste within the brahman caste system, representative of the arms of Brahma and meant to carry out warrior duty |
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Vaishya |
Third highest caste within the brahman caste system, representing the thighs of Brahma,Indian traders were widely credited for the spread of Indian culture to regions as far as southeast Asia. |
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Sudra |
Fourth highest caste within the Brahman caste system Sudras are said to come from the feet of Brahma and are meant to carry out labour |
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Untouchable |
Not even within the caste system, meant to manage dead bodies |
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Buddhism |
Religion based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama and the principle that all life is suffering |
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Nirvana |
The major goal of Buddhism, maximum level of enlightenment, transcending |
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4 Noble Truths |
The foundation of Buddhism. The truths are:The truth of suffering (dukkha)The truth of the cause of suffering (samudaya)The truth of the end of suffering (nirhodha)The truth of the path that frees us from suffering (magga) |
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8 Fold Path |
How to end suffering according to Buddha |
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Ashoka |
Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from c. 269 to 232 BCE, introducing the relevance and important widespread of Buddhism |
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Stupa |
Place of meditation and worship for Buddhist monks typically with a round structure |
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Edict |
Legally binding command or decision. |
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Veneration of Ancestors |
Beliefs that the dead have a continued existence, and may possess the ability to influence the fortune of the living. |
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Mandate of Heaven |
Ancient Chinese belief and philosophical idea that heaven granted emperors the right to rule based on their ability to govern well and fairly. |
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Dao |
Tao or Dao is a Chinese concept signifying 'way', 'path', 'route', or sometimes more loosely, 'doctrine' or 'principle'. |
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Zhou |
An Ancient Chinese dynasty that lived by legalist morale. |
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Confucianism |
A system of philosophical and "ethical-sociopolitical teachings" sometimes described as a religion, based on the teachings of Confucius, highly relevant in Ancient China. |
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Analects |
Collection of sayings and ideas attributed to the Chinese philosopher Confucius and his contemporaries, traditionally believed to have been written by Confucius' followers |
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Filial Piety |
Virtue of respect for one's father, elders, and ancestors. |
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Legalism |
Strict adherence, or the principle of strict adherence, to law or prescription, especially to the letter rather than the spirit. |
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Daoism |
A philosophical, ethical or religious tradition of Chinese origin, or faith of Chinese exemplification, that emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao. |
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Yin/Yang |
Opposite chi energies that can't exist without each other, maintaining balance of nature |
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Qin |
First imperial dynasty of Ancient China, lasting from 221 to 206 BCE. |
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Eunuch |
A castrated male, tended to be guards |
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Polis |
Literally means city in Greek. It can also mean citizenship and body of citizens. |
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Hoplites |
Citizen-soldiers of Ancient Greek city-states who were primarily armed with spears and shields. Their main tactic was the phalanx formation. |
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Phalanx |
Rectangular mass military formation, usually composed entirely of heavy infantry armed with spears, pikes, sarissas, or similar weapons. |
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Tyrant |
A cruel and absolute ruler. |
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Oligarchy |
A small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution. |
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Tyranny |
Rule by persons who lack legitimacy, whether they be malign or benevolent. |
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Helots |
Subjugated population group that formed the main population of Laconia and Messenia (areas ruled by Sparta). |
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Sophists |
A paid teacher of philosophy and rhetoric in ancient Greece |
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Rhetoric |
The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing |
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Socratic Method |
Form of inquiry and discussion between individuals, based on asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to illuminate ideas. |
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Epicurianism |
System of philosophy based upon the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus |