Ap World History Chapter 25 Vocabulary

Front 1

Mataram

Back 1

Kingdom that controlled interior regions of Java in 17th century; Dutch East India Company paid tribute to the kingdom for rights of trade at Batavia; weakness of kingdom after 1670s allowed Dutch to exert control over all of Java.

Hint 1

Controlled

Front 2

Sepoys

Back 2

Troops that served the British East India Company; recruited mainly from various warlike peoples of India.

Hint 2

Troops

Front 3

British Raj

Back 3

British political establishment in India; developed as a result of the rivalry between France and Britain in India.

Hint 3

Political

Front 4

Plassey

Back 4

Battle in 1757 between troops of the British East India Company and an Indian army under Siraj ud-daula, ruler of Bengal; British victory marked the rise of British control over northern India.

Hint 4

Battle

Front 5

Robert Clive

Back 5

(1725-1774) Architect of British victory at Plassey in 1757; established foundations of British Raj in northern India (18th century)

Hint 5

Architect

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Presidencies

Back 6

Three districts that made up the bulk of the directly ruled British territories in India; capitals at Madras, Calcutta, and Bombay.

Hint 6

Ruled

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Princely Stages

Back 7

Domains of Indian princes allied with the British Raj; agents of East India Company were stationed at the rulers' courts to ensure-compliance; made up over one-third of the British Indian empire.

Hint 7

Domains

Front 8

Nabobs

Back 8

Name given to British representatives of the East India Company who went briefly to India to make fortunes through graft and exploitation.

Hint 8

Fortunes

Front 9

Lord Charles Cornwallis

Back 9

Reformer of the East India Company administration of India in the 1790s; reduced power of local British administration; checked widespread corruption.

Hint 9

Reformer

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Ram Mohun Roy

Back 10

Western-educated Indian leader, early 19th-century; cooperated with British to outlaw sati.

Hint 10

Educated

Front 11

Isandlwana

Back 11

Location of battle fought in 1879 between the British and Zulu armies in South African; resulted in defeat of British; one of few victories of African forces over western Europeans.

Hint 11

Location

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Tropical Dependencies

Back 12

Colonies with substantial indigenous populations that are rule by small European political and military minorities with the assistance of colonized bureaucrats, soldiers, clerks, and servants.

Hint 12

Small European

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Settlement Colonies

Back 13

Areas, such as North America and Australia, that were both conquered by European invaders and settled by large numbers of European migrants who made the colonized areas their permanent home and dispersed and decimated the indigenous inhabitants.

Hint 13

Colonized

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White Dominions

Back 14

Colonies in which European settlers made up the overwhelming majority of the population; small numbers of native inhabitants were typically reduced by disease and wars of conquest; typical of British holdings in North America and Australia with growing independence in the 19th century.

Hint 14

Majority

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White Racial Supremacy

Back 15

Belief in the inherit mental, moral, and cultural superiority of whites; peaked in acceptance in decades before World War I; supported by social science doctrines of social Darwinists such as Herbert Spencer.

Hint 15

Superiority

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Natal

Back 16

British colony in South Africa; developed after Boer trek north from Cape Colony; major commercial outpost at Durban.

Hint 16

Colony

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Boer Republics

Back 17

Transvaal and Orange Free State in southern Africa; established to assert independence of Boers from British colonial government in Cape Colony in 1850s; discovery of diamonds and precious metals caused British migration into the Boer areas in 1860s.

Hint 17

Independence

Front 18

Cecil Rhodes

Back 18

British entrepreneur in South Africa around 1900; manipulated political situation in South Africa to gain entry to resources of Boer republics; encouraged Boer War as means of destroying Boer independence.

Hint 18

Entreprenuer

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Anglo-Boer War

Back 19

Fought between 1899 and 1902 over the continued independence of Boer republics; resulted in British victory, but began the process of decolonization for whites in South Africa.

Hint 19

Independence

Front 20

Captain James Cook

Back 20

Made voyages to Hawaii from 1777 to 1779 resulting in opening of islands to the West; convinced Kamehameha to establish unified kingdom in the islands.

Hint 20

Hawaii