Ap Us History Test 1

Front 1

Who dominates the American colony first?

Back 1

Spain

Front 2

Giovanni de Verezzano

Back 2

Discovers NY Harbor, 1524

Front 3

Samuel de Champlain

Back 3

Settles in Quebec, 1608

Front 4

Jacques Cartier

Back 4

Settles at Montreal, 1673

Front 5

'New France'

Back 5

Towns were built around a thriving FUR TRADE with Native Americans

Front 6

England comes into America

Back 6

Defeat Spanish
Set up colony of 'New England'
Settle at Jamestown, Virginia

Front 7

Jamestown

Back 7

Jamestown Virginia (Chesapeake Bay)
Settled by the English in 1607
Many indentured servants
7/10 of people die

Front 8

Reasons for settling at Jamestown

Back 8

Economic gain
Tobacco farming- by indentured servants and slaves

Front 9

Indentured Servants

Back 9

7 year service in exchange for ride to America and 'Freedom Dues' (money).

Front 10

Nathaniel Bacon

Back 10

BACON'S REBELLION- 1676
Tobacco farmers were discontent with the rich.
Native Americans take side of rich fur traders.
Bacon leads a revolt against the rich (Gov. Berkely) & Native Americans

Front 11

Reasons for settling at Plymouth

Back 11

Pilgrims seek religious freedom and emigrate from England

Front 12

John Winthrop

Back 12

wants "city on a hill"
Puritans seek religious freedom and settle in New England at the Massachusetts Bay Area.
Puritans believe in PREDESTINATION.

Front 13

Anne Hutchinson

Back 13

Challenges the Churchs authority by declaring that a holy life doesn't mean salvation. Accused of antinominianism (going against the law). Banished & scalped.

Front 14

Salem Witch Trials

Back 14

1692
Women accused of being witches are tortured and hung in New England
"Witch Hunts" common in Europe, take on new meaning in America

Front 15

The Great Awakening

Back 15

1740s
Massive religious revival
Backlash to less religious times
Old Lights vs. New Lights

Front 16

Old Lights

Back 16

Skeptical of religious emotionalism and theatrics

Front 17

New Lights

Back 17

Said theatrics were necessary for revitalizing the role of religion in the colonies

Front 18

Results of the Great Awakening

Back 18

Increase in Presbyterians and Baptists
First mass movement in America

Front 19

Reasons for settling outside of Massachusetts Bay (North East)
/

Back 19

Religion

Front 20

William Penn

Back 20

King owes his father money, gives William Penn Pennsylvania instead.

Front 21

Roger Williams

Back 21

1636
Settles Rhode Island for religious freedom

Front 22

Henry Hudson

Back 22

Explores NY Ewaterwas

Front 23

Diversity

Back 23

Diverse population of religions, nationalities attracted to fur trade
c1621

Front 24

New Amsterdam

Back 24

Colony of the dutch
Dutch Gov. Peter Stuyvesant surrenders it to England
--> Calls it New York

Front 25

Mayflower Compact

Back 25

1620
Pledged justice, equality, majority rule and direct democracy

Front 26

Faneuil Hall

Back 26

New England town meetings
Direct democract of propertied churchgoing freemen.
Colonial assembly.

Front 27

House of Burgesses

Back 27

1619
Virginia company gave rights to elect representative to legislature
First representative gov in the world.

Front 28

Fundamental Orders of Conneticut

Back 28

1st constitution
Electing representatives who would choose a governer

Front 29

Salutory Neglect

Back 29

1700
England kept loose control of colonies
Let them prosper

Front 30

Causes of the French and Indian War/ 7 Years War

Back 30

Territorial disputes (Ohio River Valley)
Virginians assemble, led by Washington, with guns
Capture empty Ft. Duquesne
French surround Washington at Fort Necessity
General Braddock dies before capture

Front 31

French and Indian War (action of the french)

Back 31

French & Native Americans ally (fur trade)
French troops are concentrated in Europe (frederick the great)

Front 32

William Pitt

Back 32

The "Great Commoner"
Organizes key victory in the Battle of Quebec
Brittish retake Ft. Duquesne and name it Pittsburg

Front 33

Significance of French and Indian War

Back 33

End of Salutory Neglect

Front 34

King George III

Back 34

Gives massive aid to defend colonies from French & Indians

Front 35

Albany Plan of Union

Back 35

1754
Benjamen Franklin & Thomas Hutchinson
representation of all colonies in grand council
president general
union of all the colonies
king george & colonies reject it

Front 36

Mercantlism

Back 36

Object: More exports than imports to increase wealth of mother country

Front 37

Direct Vs. Indirect Tax

Back 37

Direct tax- Added to total
Indirect Tax- Tax part of total

Front 38

Stamp Act

Back 38

1765
Direct tax levied on special stamped paper for all doc's
Protests lead to parliament repealing the aft

Front 39

Townshend Acts

Back 39

1767
indirect tax on imports, such as paper and tea
leads to protests and Boston Massacre

Front 40

Boston Massacre

Back 40

1770
Colonist protests against townshend acts
British fire on crowd
Anti-British sentiment

Front 41

Proclamation of 1773

Back 41

England passes the Tea Act, which gives cheap to to the Colonies from England.

Front 42

Boston Tea party

Back 42

Response to Proclomation of 1773
dump 1500 lbs of tea into the boston harbor in protest

Front 43

Intolerable Acts, 1774
(coercive acts)

Back 43

series of laws punishing colonists.
1) closed Boston Harbor
2) made colonists pay for damaged tea
3) quartering acts
30 Quebec acts

Front 44

Continental Congress

Back 44

1774
Sam Adams, John Adams, George Washington

Front 45

Lexington and Concord

Back 45

'The shot heard round the world'
1775- Colonial minutemen vs. British troops

William Dawes & Paul Revere

War begins!

Front 46

Patriots vs. Tories, advantages and disadvantages

Back 46

Patriots- poorly equipt, no allies, no one is taking them seriously.. however, has something to fight for

Front 47

Common Sense

Back 47

Thomas Paine
A pamphlet that says it is common sense for a large Americca to be independant from the small, distant island of England.

Front 48

The Decleration of Independence

Back 48

1776
15 copies were written

Front 49

Washington Crosses the Delaware

Back 49

Crosses deleware river to suprise hessian mercenaries in Trenton, NJ on Dec. 26, 1776

Front 50

Battle of Saratoga

Back 50

1777
Burgoyne surrenders Albany

Front 51

Valley Forge

Back 51

1777-1778
Washington holds army together while British encounter problems

Front 52

Yorktown

Back 52

1781
US victory

Front 53

Why the Colonists won

Back 53

Fighting a defensive war
Their own wilderness
England has weak generals

Front 54

End of The War

Back 54

Treaty of Paris, 1783
Britain recognizes the 13 colonies as independant
End of revolutionary war.

Front 55

Critical Post-Revolutionary Period

Back 55

1781- 1789

Front 56

Confederation

Back 56

States without central government

Front 57

John Hanson

Back 57

Leader of Confederation

Front 58

Articles of Confederation

Back 58

Accepts treaty of paris- wat ends
Land Ordinance
NorthWest Ordinance

Front 59

Land Ordinance

Back 59

1787
Establishes terms for applying for statehood

Front 60

Northwest Ordinance

Back 60

Bans slavery, promotes education

Front 61

Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation

Back 61

1. No Centralized Power
2. Taxes paid only at request
3. Interstate commerce NOT regulated
4. Every state has own currency
5. 9/13 colonies must agree to pass laws; 13/13 colonies must agree to ammend laws
6. No central court system for interstate crimes
7. No standing army

Front 62

Depression

Back 62

US is bankrupt--> Debtors & Creditors

Front 63

Daniel Shays

Back 63

Shays Rebellion- Daniel Shays leads farmes & local militia against creditors.

Rebellions break out everywhere

Front 64

First Convention

Back 64

Annapolis, Pennsylvania
Only 9 states
Meet to discuss interstate commerce but decide they want to ammend Articles of Confederation

Front 65

Philidelphia Convention

Back 65

1787
55 delegates, James Madison
Federalists & Antifederalists
FEDERALISTS: Washington, John Jay, Masison, Hamilton, Franklin

Front 66

Virginia Plan

Back 66

Proposed by JAMES MADISON
Bicameral legislature
representation based on population

Front 67

NJ Plan

Back 67

Proposed by WILLIAM PATTERSON
Equal representation (benefits smaller states)

Front 68

The Great Compromise/ Conneticut Compromise

Back 68

Proposed by ROGER SHERMAN
House of reps- based on population
Senate- equal representation

Front 69

3/5 compromise

Back 69

South wants slaves to count towards population to gain influence- North compromises that 3/5 of slaves may count towards population

Front 70

Commercial Compromise

Back 70

Taxation of imports not exports
Advantage for the south

Front 71

Ratification of the Constitution

Back 71

The Federalist ( by Hamilton, Jay & Madison) sways public opinion and convinces NY to ratify constitution if Bill of Rights is passed

Front 72

Bill of Rights

Back 72

States agree to ratify constitution if Bill of Rights is ratified.

Amendment 10: All power not delegated to US is reserved to the states.

Front 73

Significance of Battle of Saratoga

Back 73

Turning pt for French & Indian war (??)