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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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___% of the Indian pop. 1492 survived to 17th c.
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10%
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Early 17th c. N. Settlements : SP/FR/ENG
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SP = Santa Fe [1610]
FR = Quebec [1608] ENG = Jamestown, VA [1607] |
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King Henry VIII
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left Catholic church in 1530s, began Protestant Reformation
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Elizabeth I
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thrown in 1558, successful , "Virgin Queen"/never married, Protestant [anger via Catholic SP]
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Buccaneers for ____ and ____
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plunder and Protestantism
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Sir Francis Drake
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most famous ENG sea dog, 600% profit in 1580 b/ SP loot
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1st attempts at ENG colonization =
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Newfoundland
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Sir Humphrey Gilbert
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est. Newfoundland -- failed after he died
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Sir Walter Raleigh
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to N. Carolina's Roanoke Isle in 1585 [brother in law of Gilbert]
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Philip II of SP
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made "invisible armada" vs. England --- lost
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Protestant Wind
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made English win vs. SP
[smaller, faster ships] |
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Primogeniture
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oldest sons get all [younger ones go abroad usually/
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English colonization successful b/c of
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population surge, curiosity, + unemployment
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James I
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[1566-1625] didn't like VA b/c hated tobacco
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Most VA deaths b/c of
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malnutrition, starvation, and disease
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John Smith
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"He who shall not work, shall not eat" , kidnapped in 1607 by Powhatan
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Powhatan
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father of Pocahontas, head chieftan of James R.
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Pocahontas
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[1595-1617] to ENG by husband, John Rolfe - 1st interracial couple
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Lord De La Warr
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new Jamestown/VA governor, harsh military rule, "Irish tactics", vs. Indians, led 1st Anglo-Powhatan War
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1st Anglo-Powhatan War ended b/c
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1st interracial marriage [Rolfe + Pocahontas]
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Powhatan people extinct b/c of the 3 Ds =
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1. Disorganization 2. Disposability 3. Disease
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Father of the Tobacco Industry/Savior of VA
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John Rolfe
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House of Burgesses
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permitted by London Co., " mini parliament" , distrusted by James I
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Maryland
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2nd plantation colony, est. 1634 by Lord Baltimore [ENG Catholic]
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Act of Toleration
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1649 - made by Catholics, protected all Christians
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Sp weak b/c
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1. military overextended
2. rebelling Dutch provinces |
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Tobacco
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poor man's crop
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Sugar
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rich man's crop - needs more land/mills
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____ had a terrible slave code and _____ was the colony that adopted it
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Barbados ; Carolina
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Charles I
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dismissed in 1629, returned 1640 - beheaded 1649 by Cromwell
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Charles II
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restores the thrown in 1660 after Cromwell
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Carolina
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named after Charles II in 1670, king gave Lords-Proprieters land , RICE = principle crop
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William Penn
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rules PA and MD Quakers
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Charlestown
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S. Port, mossy, tolerant o fprods
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Aristocrats =
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VA + SC
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Most democratic, indep. minded + least aristocratic
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RI + NC
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Tuscaroras
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6th nation of Iroquois but killed off in NC
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Appalachian Mts.
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Cherokees, Creeks and Iroquois left
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GA
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buffer between SP FL, FR LA, & ENG SC/NC
- wanted it to make silk, wine and be a haven for debtorrs |
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James Oglethorpe
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founder of GA, statesman-soldier, int. in prison reform, repelled SP attacks
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Savannah = Charlestown b/c
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melting pot for Christians
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John Wesley
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missionary, est. Methodist church in ENG
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Iroquois League/5 Nations
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1. Seneca
2. Oneida 3. Onondagas 4. Cayugas 5 Mohawks by Deganawidah + Hiawatha [sided w/ENG during Am. Rev.] |
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Longhouse
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long home for Indians, many nuclear families via maternal line
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Mohawks
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"keepers of the E. fire"; middlemen w/Europeans
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Senecas
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"keepers of the W. Fire"
fur suppliers |
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Handsome Lake
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angels appeared to him in a dream _ warned tribes people to "Mend Ways"
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Luther
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began Protestant Reformation, Bible = only will via God [no pope]
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Calvin
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Calvinism = predestination, etc. adapted into Puritanism + Presbyterianism, + Huguenots + Dutch Reform
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Institutes of the Christian Religion
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1536 Calvin's doctrine = all powerful God, original sin, the "elect" [predestination, conversion, etc,]
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Puritans
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wanted to cleanse Christians
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James I
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Scot [1603-25], harassed Separatists
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Separatists
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[extreme Puritans] to Holland w/ families but didn't want kids to be Dutch --- deal with VA Co. for Mayflower to Plymouth
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Capt. Myles Standish
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akaCapt. Shrimp - on Mayflower, Indian fighter
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Mayflower Compact
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imp. b/c 1st semblance of govt., like a consitution at Plymouth Rock
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Bradford
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self-scholar, languages, governor 30x of MA Bay Col.
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Charles II
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1629 got rid of Parliament w/Archbishop Laud [Anti-Puritan]
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Great Migration
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1630s - 70k left England
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John Winthrop
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MA Bay Colony, 1st GOVERNOR, lawyer, lor dof manor in ENG, distrusted the "commons"
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Freemen
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adult males of Congregational Church/Puritan
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John Cotton
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clergy, didn't like the Chruch fo ENG moved to MA Bay Colony
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MA "Bible"Commonwealth
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Clergy holds power
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Blue Law State
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CT b/c repressive [ no kissing in public ]
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WIgglesworth
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"Day of Doom" [1662] pop. poem
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Quakers
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fined by Puritans, exiled, "quaked religiously, RELIGIOUS SOCIETY OF FRIENDS AKA, no oaths, spoke up , no war
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Anne Hutchinson
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1591-1643, criticized Puritans [e.g. vs. predestination] = antinomianism = for moral law = high heresy --- banished to RI then NY
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Roger Williams
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pop. Salem minister, vs. Puritans, nice to Indians, ext. Separatist, 1635 guilty of dangerous opinions, exilie dto ENG ---> made Rogue's Island/the sewer w/1st Baptist church in Providence, charter in 1644
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London Fire of 1666
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major rebuilding = more jobs in ENG = less migration = more US black slaves
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Rowley, MA
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textiles via Yorkshire
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Marblehead, MA
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fishing
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Ipswich, MA
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E. Anglican Puritans, harsh rule
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Newbury, MA
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bitter local govt. via W. England
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CT R. Valley
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fertile, many Dutch + ENG
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Hartford
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est. 1635 by Rev. Thomas Hooker w/Boston Puritans
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Fundamental Orders
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1639 modern constitution, control to substantial citizens, aided later CT charter/constitution
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New Haven
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est. 1638 by Puritans, more clergy govt. than MA, no charter
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Sir Ferdenando Gorges
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failed 1623 colonization of ME
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Wampanoag Indians
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befriended ENG, e.g. Squanto , Massasoit = chieftan in 1621
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Metacom
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son fo Massasoit, of the Wampanoags, aka King Philip
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King Philip's War
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Metacom/King Philip made an Indian Alliance vs. ENG -- war ended w/more Indians dead [1675-6]
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New England Confederacy
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est. 1643 = 4 col. [ea. 2 votes] = only Puritan = MA Bay, Plymouth, 2 CT
- against ME + RI |
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Dominion of New England
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made by crown w/W. Jersey + NY + E. Jersey [1686], helped navigation laws
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English Navigation Laws
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mercantilism, tracked USA/foreign trade
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Sir Edmund Andros
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head of new Dominion, HQ = Boston, hated b/c w.Anglican church, later gov. of VA [1636-1714, enforced navig. laws, revoked land, etc.
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Glorious/Bloodless Revolution
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dethroned Charles II [1688-89] ----> William & Mary in power [ended Dominion + Andros' power]
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"Salutary Neglect"
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by Will + Mary, weakly enforced navigation laws
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Dutch Golden Age
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17th c. e.g. Rembrandt, naval strength - 3 Anglo-Dutch Naval Wars
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Henry Hudson
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ENG hired by Dutch E. India Co. to Delaware Bay/New York Bay in 1609 -- Hudson R. [hoped for Asia]
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Dutch W. India Co.
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less profitable than E. - in Africa, Caribbean, & Brazil
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New Netherland [1623-4]
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on the Hudson R., "bought" Manhattan Isle via Indians, 22000 acres
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New Amsterdam
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=NYC, company town for Dutch, no tolerance, all Dutch Reform, Quakers abused, patronships given
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Wall Street
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turmoil between stockholders and Indians in Manhattan - build a short wall
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New Sweden
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1638-55 on Delaware R., trespassing on Dutch
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Golden Age of Sweden
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King Gustavus Adolphus aided Protestantism, during 30 years way [1618-48]
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Peter Stuyvesant
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small 1655 military expedition by Dutch vs. Sweden aka Father Wooden Leg
-ended w/bloodless downfall of Swedish [ Delaware = left many Swedish names] |
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duke of York
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brother of Charles II, given land +made the Dutch surrender = NEW YORK
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Penn
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1660 @ 16 yrs. became Quaker, 1681 got grant of fertile land, called Penn's Woodland = Pennsylvania
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Pennsylvania
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best advert state, multi-lang. pamphlets , w/Philadelphia ["city of brotherly love", well planned city], only death penalty for treason + murder
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New Jersey
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est. 1664 via land via Duke of York , 1674 W. Jersey to Quakers [pre-PA] then got E. Jersey & in 1702 = royal colony
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Delaware
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est. 1703 w/assembly + only 3 counties, under PA govt. until AMerican Revolution
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Middle Colonies
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NY, NJ, DE, PA = fertile "bread" colonies b/c grain export, rivers , fur trade, waterfalls for wheel power, lumber, seaports, ethnically mixed
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