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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1st Amendment
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freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, petition
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2nd Amendment
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right to bear arms
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3rd Amendment
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ensures that troops will not be housed in private homes
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4th Amendment
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need for search warrant
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5th Amendment
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protects the rights of the accused
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6th Amendment
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guarantees a speedy and public trial
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7th Amendment
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guarantees a jury trial
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8th Amendment
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protects against excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment
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9th Amendment
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all right not enumerated are nonetheless retained by the people
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10th Amendment
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all powers not specifically delegated to the federal government are retained by the states
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11th Amendment
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States may not be sued by individuals
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12th Amendment
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Electors will cast separate ballots for Pres. and Vice Pres.- if no clear winner, the House selects the Pres. and the Senate the Vice Pres.
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13th Amendment
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Abolished slavery
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14th Amendment
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Extends citizenship to all persons; Confed. debt void and leaders ineligible for public office; states that denied voting would have rep. reduced; dual citizenship on all citizens
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15th Amendment
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Extends voting rights to blacks
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16th Amendment
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graduated income tax
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17 Amendment
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Direct election of senators
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18th Amendment
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Prohibited manufacture, sale, and use of alcoholic beverages
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19th Amendment
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Voting rights to women
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20th Amendment
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Inauguration date now January 20; eliminated "lame duck" session of Congress
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21st Amendment
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Repealed 18th (prohibition)
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22nd Amendment
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Limits presidents to two terms
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23rd Amendment
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Gives Presidential electoral votes to DC
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24th Amendment
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Prohibits poll taxes
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25th Amendment
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Changed order of the presidential line of succession and provides guidelines for presidential disability
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26th Amendment
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Extends voting rights to 18 year olds
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27th Amendment
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Restricts the practice of congressional salary adjustment
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Action requiring a simple majority
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raising taxes, requesting appropriations, declaring war, increasing national debt, instituting draft, introducing impeachment charge
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Meeting at Mount Vernon
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1785- reps of VA, MD, PA, DE met to discuss interstate commerce, VA legislature called for a convention of all states to discuss same issue
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Annapolis Convention
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Sep. 1786- only 5 states represented, instead call for a convention of all states in Philly to revise Articles of Confederation
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Constitutional Convention
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Madison, Hamilton, Morris, Dickinson, Franklin. Washington elected to preside, document contained checks and balances
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Virginia Plan
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Madison developed- called for an executive branch and two houses of Congress, each based on population
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New Jersey Plan
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smaller states supported this Paterson plan- called for the continuation of a unicameral legislature with equal rep. for the states and increased powers for the nat. gov.
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Great Compromise
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provided for a Presidency, a Senate with all states represented equally (2 Sen. each), and a House of Rep. with rep. according to population
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Slavery in Constitution
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neither endorsed nor condemned, each slaves counts as 3/5 a person for representation and direct taxation, fed. go. prohibited from stopping the importation of slaves prior to 1808
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Presidency in Constitution
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strong, with control of foreign policy and power to veto Congress's legislation- if crime committed, Congress could impeach. Pres. to be elected by Electoral College- if no majority, chosen by House of Rep.
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Ratification of Constitution
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Needed 9 states to take effect. 5 states in quick succession, but tough fight in Massachusetts, eventually ratified. By June 1788 requirement reached, but NY and VA held out, won over. NC and RI as well, but 15 months later they did.
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Federalists
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those favoring Constitution (centralized power) Federalist Papers (Hamilton, Madison, Jay) brilliantly expounded the Constitution
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