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25 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Abbey Kelley
effective public speaker in American Anti-Slavery Society; her election into an all-male committee caused the final break between William Garrison and his abolitionist critics in 1840 that split the organization
American Anti-Slavery System
organization of reformers who embraced moral persuasion to end slavery; founded in 1833, it opposed gradual emancipation, rejected compensation to slaveholders, supported many types of reform, and welcomed women as full and active members
American Colonization Society
organization founded in 1817 that advocated sending freed slaves to a colony in Africa; it established the colony of Liberia in 1827 and encouraged free African Americans to emigrate there as well
American and Society for the Promotion of Temperance
first national temperance organization, founded in1826, which set agents to preach total abstinence from alcohol; the society pressed individuals to sign pledges of sobriety and states to prohibit the use of alcohol
Brook Farm
utopian society established by transcendentalist George Ripley near Boston in 1841; members shared equally in farm work and leisure discussions of literature and art. Nathaniel Hawthorne and others became disenchanted with the experiment, and it collapsed after a fire in 1847.
Burned-over district
area of New York State along the Erie Canal that was constantly aflame with revivalism and reform; as wave after wave of fervor broke over the region, groups such as the Mormons, Shakers, and Millerites found support among the residents
Charles Finney
a leading evangelist of the Second Great Awakening; he preached that each person had capacity fro spiritual rebirth and salvation, and that through individual effort one could be saved. His concept of "utility benevolence" proposed the reformation of society as well as individuals.
Compensated Emancipation
--check packet
Cult of Domesticity
the belief that as the fairer sex, women occupied a unique and specific social position and that they were to provide religious and moral instruction in the home but avoid he rough world of politics and business in the larger sphere of society
Declaration of Sentiments
series of resolutions issued at the end of the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848; modeled after the Declaration of Independence, the list of grievances called for economic and social equality for women, along with a demand for the right to vote
Dorothea Dix
schoolteacher turned reformer; she was a pioneer for humane treatment for the mentally ill. she lobbied state legislatures to create separate hospitals for the insane and to remove them from the depravity of the penal system
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
pioneer in the women's movement; she organized the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 and fought for women's suffrage throughout the 1800s
Frederick Douglass
former slave who became an effective abolitionist with an authenticity to his speeches unmatched by other antislavery voices; initially a follower of William Lloyd Garrison, he broke away and started his own abolitionist newspaper, The North Star. From the 180s to his death in 1895, he the leading black spokesman in America.
Gradual Emancipation
--check packet!
Horace Mann
reformer who led a crusade to improve public education in america; as secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education, he established a minimum school term, formalized teacher training, and moved curriculum away from religious training toward more secular subjects.
James Birney
former slaveholder who at one time was a member of the American Colonization Society, the American Anti-Slavery Society, and the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society; in 1840 and 1844, he ran for president on the Liberty Party ticket
Lewis and Arthur Tappan
founders of the American and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society; as successful businessmen, they funded many antislavery activities in the 1830s and 1840s. They also supported the Liberty PArty in the 1840ss
Liberty Party
political party formed in 1840 that supported a program to end the slave trade and slavery in the territories and D.C.; James Birney ran as the party candidate in 1840 and 1844. In 1848, it merged into the Free Soil Party
Lucretia Mott
Quaker activist i both the abolitionist and women's movements; with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, she was a principal organizer of the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848
Maine Law (1851)
first statewide attempt to restrict the consumption of alcohol; the law prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcohol except for medical reasons
Sarah and Angelina Grimke
Quaker sisters from South Carolina who came north and became active in the abolitionist movement; Angelina married Theodore Weld, a leading abolitionist, and Sarah wrote and lectured on a variety of reforms including women's rights and abolition
Second Great Awakening
period of religious revivals between 1790 and 1840 that preached the sinfulness of man yet emphasized salvation through moral action; it sent a message to turn away from sin and provided philosophical underpinnings of the reforms of the 1830s
Susan B. Anthony
friend and partner of Elizabeth Cady Stanton in the struggle for women's rights; meeting in 1851, Anthony and Stanton founded the National Women Suffrage Association after the Civil War. The 19th Amendment, which extended the right to vote to women in 1920, is sometimes called the "Anthony" amendment
Transcendentalists
writers who believed in the search for reality and truth through spiritual intuition; they held that man was capable of discovering truth without reference to established authority. This belief justified the reformers' challenges to the conventional thinking of the time
William Lloyd Garrison
most prominent abolitionist leader of the antebellum period; he published the antislavery newspaper The Liberator and founded the American Anti-Slavery Society.