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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The period before Christopher Columbus arrived is known as ________________
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the pre-Columbian era
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How did Native Americans get to USA
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Bering Strait b/w Siberia and No. Amer.
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How did Native Americans live a long time ago?
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as farmers, hunters, or gathers. Nature is important.
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What did Columbus tell the king when he returned to Spain?
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there is new world full of riches and easy-to-subjugate natives
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What did Columbus' journey provoke?
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a long period of European expansion and colonialism
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What was THE colonial power during the 1600s? How did they keep title?
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SPAIN!, strong Spanish Armada
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What were the conquistadors' goals in new world in regard to the natives?
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erase their culture and supplant it with Catholicism
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How did most Native Americans die?
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smallpox
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Who sponsored England's first attempt to settle North America? Colony called what?
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Sir Walter Raleigh, Roanoke (the lost colony)
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In what year did gov. try again? What was the name of this colony?
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1606, Jamestown
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Jamestown?
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a joint-stock company (a group of investors who bought the right to establish New World plantations for the king)
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Who finally took over the wobbly Jamestown? How?
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John Smith, Imposed martial law
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What group of local tribes helped English to survive? How?
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The Powhatan Confederacy, taught them how to plant crops there
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What did Powhatan hope w/ helping English? Right or wrong?
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that it would create an alliance. They guess wrong?
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What introduced the cash crop, tabacco?
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John Rolfe
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What did the huge role of tobacco in Virginia's economy result in?
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rapid expansion!
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What was the area around Jamestown later named?
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Chesapeake
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How did indentured servitude system work?
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in return for free passage, Europeans promised 7 years of labor to passage-buyer
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In 1619, what government thing did Virgina establish?
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House of Burgesses.
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In the 1500s, what protestant movement formed? Where?
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Puritanism, England
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What was the name of the 1st puritan group to come to USA? Where did they land? Smart or dumb?
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Separatists/Pilgrims, Plymouth Rock, dumb
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What did the Mayflower Compact say?
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it asserted that the gov's power derives from the consent of the governed and not from God.
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Which Indians helped the Pilgrims?
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Pokanokets
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What was the 2nd wave of Puritans called? Where did they land and when? Smart or dumb? Leader?
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Congregationalists/Puritans, MA Bay 1629, Smart John Winthrop
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What did both the Pilgrims and the Puritans have in common governmentally
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Did now tolerate religious freedom in colonies
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What Indian tribe fought against the MA Bay colony? Name of War? Who won?
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Pequots, Pequot War, MA Bay colonie by massacring every Pequot in sight BAD PUBLICITY
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Which colony was declaired a safehaven of religious tolerance for all Christians in 1635? By whom?
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Maryland, Lord Baltimore (Cecilius Clavert)
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What did the Dutch call New York? Who invaded? Who won?
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New Netherlands, English, English w/o a fight!
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What was the Quaker colony called? Who controled it?
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PA, William Pen
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What kinds of policies did Penn establish?
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liberal- w/ religious freedom and civil liberties
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When did slave start in USA? In which colony?
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1619, Virginia
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Eventually proprietary colonies turned into ________ colonies? What does this mean?
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royal, their leadership was taken over by the king who could exert greater control over their govs.
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When did EXTENSIVE use of African slave begin? (hint: not looking for a date...)
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when colonists from the Carribean settled Carolinas
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What was America called in the slavery shipping route? Why?
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the middle passage, it was the middle leg of the triangular trade routh among colonies, Europe, and Africa
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What crops did slaves farm? Where?
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tobacco, rice, indigo (labor-intensive crops); Chesapeake and the Carolinas
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What is another name for the French and Indian War?
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7 Years War
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Explain salutory neglect? What did this time fuel?
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English interfered in colonial affairs as little as possible, allowing the colonies to develop self-government, fuel revolutionary war
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When did salutory neglect take place?
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1650-1750
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What does the theory of mercantilism say?
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that economic power was rooted in a favorable balance of trade (exporting more than you import) and the control of hard currency (coins)
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What did the Navigation Acts require?
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that the colonists buy goods only from English, to seel certain things only to Engliand, and to import any non-English goods via English parts and pay a duty on the imports.
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What was England's goal in creating the Navigation Acts? Success or no?
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to establish a wide-raning English control over colonial commerce, NO- merchants just got around it
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When did the Bacon's Rebellion occur? WHere?
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1670s, Virginia's western frontier
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What was Bacon's prob? (3)
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he and his group thought they weren't getting a just representation in gov, gov wasn't protecting them, gov using them as buffer b/w aristocrats and indians
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What is Bacon's Rebellion often cited as an early example of?
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a populist uprising in American
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What war marks the end of a formidable Native American presence among the New England colonists?
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King Philip's War (Metacomet-Pokanokets)
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In 1739, what slave uprising occured? What happened?
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Stono Uprising, ~20 slave in SC stole ammo and liberated a lot of slaves and fled to FL
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What did the gov do in the aftermath of Stono Uprising?
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passed more restrictive laws to govern the behavior of slaves
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When did the Salem Witch Trials take place?
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1692
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What was the central cause of the Salem Witch Trials?
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the puritans feared that their religion--which they fervently believed was the ONLY true religion--was on its way out
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What is the Halfway Covenant?
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said that Puritans get baptized at birth (instead of waiting to experience gift of god's grace), but couldn't vote until experience the grace
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In 1739, what slave uprising occured? What happened?
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Stono Uprising, ~20 slave in SC stole ammo and liberated a lot of slaves and fled to FL
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What did the gov do in the aftermath of Stono Uprising?
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passed more restrictive laws to govern the behavior of slaves
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When did the Salem Witch Trials take place?
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1692
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What was the central cause of the Salem Witch Trials?
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the puritans feared that their religion--which they fervently believed was the ONLY true religion--was on its way out
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What is the Halfway Covenant?
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said that Puritans get baptized at birth (instead of waiting to experience gift of god's grace), but couldn't vote until experience the grace
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