A&p Unit 2 Exam

Front 1

Bones are constantly undergoing resorption for various reasons. Which of the following cells accomplishes this process?

Back 1

Osteoclast

Front 2

The notable hardness of bone is attributed to?

Back 2

The presence of inorganic hydroxyapatites

Front 3

The indicated blood vessels and nerve are found within a

Back 3

Central (Haversian) canal

Front 4

When should prevention of osteoporosis start?

Back 4

The prevention of osteoporosis should begin with children while bones are still growing. Children should increase their bone mass to provide additional protection from osteoporosis in the future.

Front 5

List long bones

Back 5

Tibia, femur, radius, fibula, phalanges

Front 6

List short bones

Back 6

Carpals, tarsals, patella

Front 7

The end of long bones is called?

Back 7

Epiphysis

Front 8

The shaft of a bone is called?

Back 8

Diaphysis

Front 9

The periosteum covers the inside and outside of what type of bones?

Back 9

Long bones

Front 10

Fibers that connect the periosteum to compact bone are called?

Back 10

Perforating fibers or sharpey fibers

Front 11

What is the basic structural unit of a bone?

Back 11

Osteon

Front 12

Spongy bone is located in what areas of long bones?

Back 12

Epiphysis

Front 13

What part of long bones is the compact bone found?

Back 13

Diaphysis

Front 14

List Flat bones

Back 14

Ribs, sternum, scapula, cranial bones

Front 15

List irregular bones

Back 15

Facial bones, os coxae, vertebrae, mandible

Front 16

In which step (A-D) does the formation of compact bone first occur?

Back 16

D

Front 17

Which bone cell forms bone?

Back 17

Osteoblasts

Front 18

Which bone cell dissolves bone?

Back 18

Osteoclasts

Front 19

True or false?

The structural unit of compact bone (osteon) resembles the growth rings of a tree trunk.

Back 19

True

Front 20

Hematopoiesis

Back 20

Refers to the formation of blood cells within the red marrow cavities of certain bones

Front 21

Which gland or organ produces hormones that tend to decrease blood calcium levels?

Back 21

Thyroid

Front 22

Name characteristics of the cervical spine

Back 22

7 vertebrae, smallest, support the skull, only section that has transverse foramen

Front 23

Name characteristics of the thoracic spine

Back 23

Consists of 12 bones, only section to support ribs and have overlapping spinous processes

Front 24

List characteristics of the lumbar spine

Back 24

Consists of 5 vertebrae, bares the most weight, largest vertebrae

Front 25

Name the bones of the pectoral girdle

Back 25

Clavicle, scapula

Front 26

Which set of ribs are considered true ribs?

Back 26

1-7

Front 27

What set of ribs are considered false ribs?

Back 27

8-12

Front 28

What set of ribs are considered floating ribs?

Back 28

11-12

Front 29

Osteoarthritis

Back 29

Degeneration of joint cartilage and the underlying bone, most common from middle age onward. Causes pain and stiffness, especially in the hip, knee, and thumb joints.

Front 30

Rheumatoid arthritis

Back 30

Chronic progressive disease causing inflammation in the joints and resulting in painful deformity, especially in the fingers, wrist, feet, and ankles.

Front 31

Gout

Back 31

A disease in which defective metabolism of uric acid causes arthritis, especially in the small bones of the feet, deposition of chalkstones, and episodes of acute pain.

Front 32

Identify number 1

Back 32

Anterior cruciate ligament

Front 33

Identify number 2

Back 33

Lateral condyle

Front 34

Identify number 3

Back 34

Lateral collateral ligament

Front 35

Identify number 4

Back 35

Lateral maniscus

Front 36

Identify number 6

Back 36

Fibula

Front 37

Identify number 7

Back 37

Posterior cruciate ligament

Front 38

Identify number 8

Back 38

Medial condyle

Front 39

Identify number 9

Back 39

Medial collateral ligament

Front 40

Identify number 10

Back 40

Medial maniscus

Front 41

Identify number 11

Back 41

Tibia

Front 42

Identify number 12

Back 42

Patellar ligament