Ap Set 2 Ch 10

Front 1

What is the major difference between the CNS and the PNS?

Back 1

The myelin is made of oligodendrocytes instead of Schwann cells

Front 2

Oligodendrocytes have no ______ or _______ therefor there is no _______ and the sprouts have nothing to guide them back to the _______ so regeneration is ______

Back 2

ct; basement membrane; tubular remnant; point of attachment; unlikely

Front 3

does greater stimulation on nerve fivers cause a greater response? what is there response method

Back 3

no; nerve fibers respond completely or not at all

Front 4

synapse-

Back 4

junction between neurons that contain and secrete neurotransmitters

Front 5

refractory period-

Back 5

this is the brief period of time following the passage of a nerve impulse in which the nerve fiver cannot be stimulated

Front 6

all or none response-

Back 6

if a nerve fiver responds as all, it responds completely. more stumulation does not cause a greater response

Front 7

saltatory conduction-

Back 7

this is thw way impulses are conducted along myelinated merve fibers. this is very repid because the impulse jumps from node of Ranvier to node of Ranvier. (Rather than having to travel the entire length of the membrane as you do on small unmeylinated axons)

Front 8

neurotransmitters- ex.

Back 8

chemicals secreted by synaptic vesicles ex. acetylcholine, which stimulates muscle contraction; cholinesterase decomposes the acetylcholine

Front 9

neuropeptides-

Back 9

act as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators; peptides made by the cns that act as neurotransmitters

Front 10

facilitaion-

Back 10

if an impulse that is below the threshold lefel, the impulse will not be triggered, however, the neuron is more excitable to incoming stimulation bc it is facilitated

Front 11

convergence-

Back 11

this allows an neuron to receive impulses from two or ore incoming fivers. this allows the nervous system to proxess a variety of information

Front 12

divergence-

Back 12

this allows an impulse to leave a neuron on several different fivers. this causes the impulse to be amplified

Front 13

how are neurons classified?

Back 13

structure and function

Front 14

structural differences:

Back 14

unipolar, bipolar, multipolar

Front 15

unipolar-

Back 15

hos one process that branches. one branch acts as a dendrite and the other acts as an axon. found in the pns

Front 16

bopolar-

Back 16

has two branches. one axon and one dendrite. found in the eyes ears and nose

Front 17

multipolar-

Back 17

has one axon and many dendrites. found in the cns

Front 18

functional differences:

Back 18

sensory neurons, motor neuronss, and interneurons

Front 19

sensory-

Back 19

afferent-carry umpulses from the pns to cns

Front 20

motor-

Back 20

efferent-carry impulses from the cns to the effectors maybe accelerator or inhibitory

Front 21

interneurons-

Back 21

connect neurons to the cns

Front 22

merve fiber is an extention of -

Back 22

a neuron

Front 23

what do neurons and neuroglial cells make?

Back 23

nerve tissue

Front 24

nerve tissue:

Back 24

made up of masses of neurons, neurons area the functional units of the nervous system

Front 25

nerve impulse conduction:

Back 25

1)unmyelimniated fibers conduct an umpulse along the entire length of membrane 2) this is slow 3)myelinated nerve fibers have specialized structures called the nodes of Ranvier 4)these are extremely permeable to ions 5) this allows impulse to jum from node to node