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70 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Behavior which is statistically unusual, maladaptive, and personally distressing to the individual
Abnormal Behavior
The weakest level of a stimulus that can be correctly detected at least half the time
Absolute Threshold
Learning in which the relationship between and among stimuli are more important than the physical features of the stimuli
Abstract Learning
Process by which we modify our schemas to fit new information; process of changing the curvature of the lens to focus light rays on the retina of the eye
Accommodation
A neurotransmitter that causes contraction of skeletal muscles, helps regulate heart muscles, is involved in memory and also transmits messages between the brain and spinal cord. Lack of this is associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Acetylcholine (ACh)
The desire to accomplish something, to excel, or reach a standard of excellence.
Achievement Motive
Tests that measure our current mastery of a subject or specific program of study.
Achievement Tests
The encoding of sound, especially the sound of words.
Acoustic Encoding
Learning a new behavior; refers to the initial stage of conditioning in which the new response is established and gradually strengthened.
Acquisition
Also called an impulse, this is the "firing" of a neuron; a net flow of sodium ions into the cell that causes a rapid change in potential across the membrane when stimulation reaches threshold.
Action Potential
During REM sleep the brainstem stimulates the forebrain with random neural activity, which we interpret as a dream.
Activation-Synthesis Theory
Rogers' term for hearing another person with complete attention to what he/she says and means through acknowledging feelings, echoing, restating, and seeking clarification.
Active Listening
Tendency to focus on our own situations and the other person, rather than his/her situation, which we interpret behavior.
Actor-Observer Bias
Ability to detect fine details; sharpness of vision. Can be affected by small distortions in the shape of the eye.
Acuity
Structures or behaviors that increase chances of survival.
Adaptions
Physiological dependence on a drug that has changed brain chemistry, necessitating taking the drug to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
Addiction
Endocrine glands atop kidneys. The cortex, their outer layer, produces steroid hormones such as cortisol which is a stress hormone. Its medulla, the core, secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine which prepare the body for "fight or flight" like the sympathetic nervous system does.
Adrenal Glands
Disorder characterized by significant shifts or disturbances in mood that affect normal perception, thought, and behavior; e.g. depression and bipolar disorders
Affective (Mood) Disorder
Also called sensory neuron, nerve cell in our PNS that transmits impulses from receptors to the brain or spinal cord.
Afferent Neuron
The need to be with others
Affiliation Motive
The end of the second trimester in pregnancy; the point at which there is a reasonable chance the fetus will survive if born prematurely.
Age of Viability
Any behavior intended to hurt someone, either physically or psychologically.
Aggression
The end of the second trimester in pregnancy; the point at which there is a reasonable chance the fetus will survive if born prematurely.
Age of Viability
First stage of Selye's general adaption syndrome (GAS) to stress; involves increasing activity of the sympathetic nervous system speeding up heart rate, blood pressure, and releasing adrenaline.
Alarm Response
The end of the second trimester in pregnancy; the point at which there is a reasonable chance the fetus will survive if born prematurely.
Age of Viability
The end of the second trimester in pregnancy; the point at which there is a reasonable chance the fetus will survive if born prematurely.
Age of Viability
Recessive trait that produces lack of pigment, and involves quivering eyes and inability to perceive depth with both eyes.
Albinism
Any behavior intended to hurt someone, either physically or psychologically.
Aggression
The end of the second trimester in pregnancy; the point at which there is a reasonable chance the fetus will survive if born prematurely.
Age of Viability
Problem-solving strategy that involves a slow, step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution to certain types of problems.
Algorithm
Any behavior intended to hurt someone, either physically or psychologically.
Aggression
First stage of Selye's general adaption syndrome (GAS) to stress; involves increasing activity of the sympathetic nervous system speeding up heart rate, blood pressure, and releasing adrenaline.
Alarm Response
Any behavior intended to hurt someone, either physically or psychologically.
Aggression
Any behavior intended to hurt someone, either physically or psychologically.
Aggression
The law that the neuron either generates an action potential when the stimulation reaches threshold or it doesn't fire when stimulation is below threshold. The strength of the action potential is constant whenever it occurs.
All-Or-None Principle
First stage of Selye's general adaption syndrome (GAS) to stress; involves increasing activity of the sympathetic nervous system speeding up heart rate, blood pressure, and releasing adrenaline.
Alarm Response
Recessive trait that produces lack of pigment, and involves quivering eyes and inability to perceive depth with both eyes.
Albinism
First stage of Selye's general adaption syndrome (GAS) to stress; involves increasing activity of the sympathetic nervous system speeding up heart rate, blood pressure, and releasing adrenaline.
Alarm Response
Recessive trait that produces lack of pigment, and involves quivering eyes and inability to perceive depth with both eyes.
Albinism
Problem-solving strategy that involves a slow, step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution to certain types of problems.
Algorithm
Problem-solving strategy that involves a slow, step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution to certain types of problems.
Algorithm
First stage of Selye's general adaption syndrome (GAS) to stress; involves increasing activity of the sympathetic nervous system speeding up heart rate, blood pressure, and releasing adrenaline.
Alarm Response
An unselfish interest in helping others.
Altruism
Recessive trait that produces lack of pigment, and involves quivering eyes and inability to perceive depth with both eyes.
Albinism
Recessive trait that produces lack of pigment, and involves quivering eyes and inability to perceive depth with both eyes.
Albinism
The law that the neuron either generates an action potential when the stimulation reaches threshold or it doesn't fire when stimulation is below threshold. The strength of the action potential is constant whenever it occurs.
All-Or-None Principle
The law that the neuron either generates an action potential when the stimulation reaches threshold or it doesn't fire when stimulation is below threshold. The strength of the action potential is constant whenever it occurs.
All-Or-None Principle
Problem-solving strategy that involves a slow, step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution to certain types of problems.
Algorithm
Problem-solving strategy that involves a slow, step-by-step procedure that guarantees a solution to certain types of problems.
Algorithm
A fatal degenerative disease in which brain neurons progressively die, causing loss of memory, reasoning, emotion, control of bodily functions, then death.
Alzheimer's Disease
An unselfish interest in helping others.
Altruism
The law that the neuron either generates an action potential when the stimulation reaches threshold or it doesn't fire when stimulation is below threshold. The strength of the action potential is constant whenever it occurs.
All-Or-None Principle
An unselfish interest in helping others.
Altruism
A fatal degenerative disease in which brain neurons progressively die, causing loss of memory, reasoning, emotion, control of bodily functions, then death.
Alzheimer's Disease
The law that the neuron either generates an action potential when the stimulation reaches threshold or it doesn't fire when stimulation is below threshold. The strength of the action potential is constant whenever it occurs.
All-Or-None Principle
An unselfish interest in helping others.
Altruism
A fatal degenerative disease in which brain neurons progressively die, causing loss of memory, reasoning, emotion, control of bodily functions, then death.
Alzheimer's Disease
A loss of memory.
Amnesia
A loss of memory.
Amnesia
A fatal degenerative disease in which brain neurons progressively die, causing loss of memory, reasoning, emotion, control of bodily functions, then death.
Alzheimer's Disease
A loss of memory.
Amnesia
Part of the limbic system of brain that influences emotions such as aggression, fear, and self-protective behaviors; is involved in the storage of emotional memories.
Amygdala
Part of the limbic system of brain that influences emotions such as aggression, fear, and self-protective behaviors; is involved in the storage of emotional memories.
Amygdala
A loss of memory.
Amnesia
An unselfish interest in helping others.
Altruism
Part of the limbic system of brain that influences emotions such as aggression, fear, and self-protective behaviors; is involved in the storage of emotional memories.
Amygdala
Part of the limbic system of brain that influences emotions such as aggression, fear, and self-protective behaviors; is involved in the storage of emotional memories.
Amygdala
A fatal degenerative disease in which brain neurons progressively die, causing loss of memory, reasoning, emotion, control of bodily functions, then death.
Alzheimer's Disease
A loss of memory.
Amnesia
Part of the limbic system of brain that influences emotions such as aggression, fear, and self-protective behaviors; is involved in the storage of emotional memories.
Amygdala