Ap Psych Unit 9 Vocab Cards

Front 1

developmental psych

Back 1

studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout life span

Front 2

zygote

Back 2

fertilized egg, which develops into and embryo

Front 3

embryo

Back 3

developing human organism from 2 weeks after fertilization through the 2nd month

Front 4

fetus

Back 4

developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth

Front 5

teratogens

Back 5

chemicals or viruses that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm

Front 6

fetal alchohol syndrome

Back 6

abnormalities in a child caused by a women's heavy drinking during pregnancy

Front 7

habituation

Back 7

decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation, especially in infants

Front 8

maturation

Back 8

biological growth process that changes behavior

Front 9

cognition

Back 9

mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

Front 10

schema

Back 10

framework that organizes info in our mind

Front 11

assimilation

Back 11

assimilating new experiences into existing schemas

Front 12

sensorimotor stage

Back 12

infants know the world through sensory impressions

Front 13

object permanence

Back 13

awareness that things continue to exist when not perceived

Front 14

proportional stage

Back 14

child learns language but doesn't understand logic

Front 15

conservation

Back 15

properties of mass, volume , and number remain constant despite change in forms

Front 16

theory of mind

Back 16

people idea about their own and others mental states

Front 17

concrete operational stage

Back 17

cognitive development where children gain logic and understand concrete events

Front 18

formal operational stage

Back 18

people think logically abut abstract concepts

Front 19

autism

Back 19

disorder where child is deficient in communication, social interaction, and theory of mind

Front 20

stranger anxiety

Back 20

fear of strangers that infant display

Front 21

attachment

Back 21

emotional tie with another person, caregiver

Front 22

critical period

Back 22

optimal period shortly after birth when an organism's exposure to stimuli or experiences produces proper development

Front 23

imprintging

Back 23

process by which animals form attachments during a critical period of their lives

Front 24

temperament

Back 24

persons characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity

Front 25

basic trust

Back 25

sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy

Front 26

self concept

Back 26

our understanding and evaluation of who we are

Front 27

gender

Back 27

biological and social differences that distinguish male of female

Front 28

aggression

Back 28

behavior intended to hurt someone

Front 29

x chromosome

Back 29

found on both sexes, 2 for male, 1 for female

Front 30

y chromosome

Back 30

found in women, 1

Front 31

testosterone

Back 31

male sex hormone, stimulates growth of sex organs and male characteristic s during puberty

Front 32

role

Back 32

set of expectations about a social position

Front 33

gender role

Back 33

set of behaviors for a male or female

Front 34

gender identity

Back 34

our sense of being male or female

Front 35

gender typing

Back 35

acquisition of traditional male of female role

Front 36

social learning theory

Back 36

theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being punished or rewarded

Front 37

adolescence

Back 37

transition period from child to adult

Front 38

puberty

Back 38

period of sexual maturation

Front 39

primary sex characteristics

Back 39

body structures that make sexual reproduction possible

Front 40

secondary characteristics

Back 40

nonreproductive sexual characteristics like -female hips, breasts -male voice

Front 41

menarche

Back 41

first mental period

Front 42

identity

Back 42

our sense of self

Front 43

social identity

Back 43

the sense of self from group membership

Front 44

intimacy

Back 44

ability to form loving relationships

Front 45

menopause

Back 45

time of natural cessation of menstruation

Front 46

cross sectional study

Back 46

study in which people of different ages are compared with one another

Front 47

longitudinal study

Back 47

research in which the same people are studied and retested over a long period of crystallized intelligence

Front 48

crystallized intelligence

Back 48

our accumulated knowledge and verbal skills

Front 49

fluid intelligence

Back 49

our ability to reason speedily and abstractly

Front 50

social clock

Back 50

preferred timing of social events- marriage, children