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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
CT Scan
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Computed Tomography.
Takes X Rays of the brain. |
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PET Scan
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Positron Emission Tomography.
Patient eats radioactive glucose. Glucose goes to part of brain that is functioning, lighting up that area. |
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MRI Scan
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer generated images of soft tissue. |
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fMRI
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Multiple MRI in quick succession. Shows blood flow. |
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Brainstem
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Oldest and most central part of brain. Responsible for automatic functions.
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Medulla
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Base of brainstem. Controls heart beat and breathing.
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Pons
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Coordinates movements.
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Reticular Formation
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Controls arousal.
Filters information and relays important info to the brain. |
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Thalamus
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Brain's sensory switchboard. Recieves information from senses and routes it to higher brain regions.
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Cerebellum
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"Little brain"
Judges time, modulates emotion, discriminates sounds and textures. Coordinates voluntary movements with pons. |
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Limbic System
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Includes hypothalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus. Associated with emotions and drives.
Located between cerebral hemispheres. |
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Amygdala
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Controls fear and aggression.
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Hypothalamus
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Governs bodily maintenance.
Influences hunger, thirst, body temperature and sexual behavior. Controls master gland-the pituitary gland. Brain's pleasure and reward center. |
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Cerebral Cortex
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Thin surface of interconnected tissue. Ultimate control and information processing center.
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How many nerve cells are there?
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20 to 23 billion.
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Glial Cells
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Cells in the nervous system that support, nourish and protect neurons.
"glue cells" Provide nutrients and insulating myelin. |
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Fissures
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Folds in the brain.
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Motor Cortex
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Controls voluntary movements.
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Sensory Cortex
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Area at the front of parietal lobe that registers and processes body touch and movement sensations.
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Parietal Lobes
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Recieves sensory input for touch and body position. Top of the head and towards the rear.
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Frontal Lobe
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Speaking, muscle movement, making plans and judgements.
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Occipital Lobes
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Back of the brain. Recieves information from the visual fields.
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Temporal Lobes
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Roughly above the ears. Includes auditory areas, receives information from the opposite ear.
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Association Areas
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Areas of the cerebral cortex that are not involved in primary motor or sensory functions; rather, higher mental functions such as learning, remembering, thinking and speaking.
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Aphasia
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Impairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca's area or Werknicke's Area
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Broca's area
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Controls language expression-an area, usually in the left frontal lobe, that directs the musle movements involved in speech.
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Werknicke's area
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Controls language reception.\
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Angular Gyrus
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Effects your ability to read aloud.
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Plasticity
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The brain's ability to change by reorganizing after damage.
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Neurogenesis
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The formation of new neurons.
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Corpus Callosum
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Relays messages between two hemispheres of the brain.
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Right hemisphere of brain
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Visual perception and recognition of emotion.
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Left hemisphere
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More verbal than right hemisphere.
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Sensory Neurons
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Carry messages from the body to the brain.
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Motor Neurons
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Carry message from the brain to the body.
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Interneurons
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Neurons inside the brain and spinal cord.
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Dendrites
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Bushy, branching extensions that recieve messages and and conduct impulses towards the cell body.
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Axon
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The extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers.
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