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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who believed that the mind & body were connected? |
Hebrews Aristotle Augustine |
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Who believed that the mind & body were separate? |
Socrates Plato Descartes |
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Who believed that ideas were inborn? |
Socrates Plato |
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Who believed that the mind in a blank slate? |
Aristotle Locke |
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What did John Locke's essay argue? |
the mind at birth is a blank slate- a "white paper"-upon which experiment writes |
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How is empiricism a rationale for democracy? |
it states that we're all equal at birth (as the US Declaration of Independence suggests) |
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Who launched the first psychology lab in Leipzig, Germany (making him the father of psychology)? |
Wilhelm Wundt |
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What does introspection require? |
smart, verbal people |
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What are two problems of introspection? |
1. unreliable 2. varied from person to person experience to experience |
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What was William James' alternative approach to studying the mind (alternative to structuralism)? |
considered the evolved functions of our thoughts and feelings |
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Who influenced James' assumptions? |
Charles Darwin |
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Pragmatism |
tested truth by its practical consequences--believing in free will has practical value, it gives you a reason to plan, take initiative, and discipline yourself |
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Mary Calkins |
pioneering memory researcher and American Psychology Association president |
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Margaret Floy Washburn |
the first woman to receive a psychology Ph. D. --she synthesized animal behavior research in "The Animal Mind" |
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Who wrote the first psychology textbook and what was its title? |
James "Principles of Psychology" |
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1920's definiton: |
"the science of mental life" |
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1920's-1960's definiton: |
"the science of observable behavior" |
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What are the three big issues that psychology wrestles with? |
1. stability vs change 2. rationality vs irrationality 3. nature vs nurture |
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Charles Darwin's belief: |
nature selects those that best enable an organism to survive and reproduce in an environment |
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___ has also become an important principle for twenty-first century psychology. |
Evolution |
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What is the current perspective on the nature-nurture issue? |
nurture works on what nature endows |
