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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vector |
Quantity that involves magnitude and direction Addition: Side A + Side B = Side (A + B) Scalar multiplication: kA Subtraction: A - B = A + (-B) Magnitude of a vector: Pythagorean theorem |
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Displacement |
Change in position ∆x |
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Speed |
Avg speed = total distance/time |
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Velocity |
Avg velocity = displacement/time ∆x/∆t |
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Acceleration |
Avg acceleration = change in velocity/time a = ∆v/∆t |
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Big 5 kinematic equations |
1. ∆x = .5(v0 + v)t 2. v = v0 + at 3. x = x0 + v0t + .5at^2 4. x = x0 + vt - .5at^2 5. v^2 = v0^2 + 2a(x - x0) |
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Newtons first law |
An object will continue in its state of motion unless compelled to change by a force impressed upon it. Law of inertia: objects naturally resist changes in their velocities Measure of inertia = mass |
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Newton's second law |
Acceleration of an object will be directly proprotional to the strength of the net force and inversely proportional to the object's mass. Fnet = ma = newtons Forces are vectors |
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Newton's third law |
To every action, there is an equal, but opposite, reaction F1 on 2= F2 on 1 |
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Weight |
F = mg |
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Work |
Application of force over a distance and the resulting change in energy of the system that the force acted on gives rise to the concept of work Fd d W = Fdd = distance |
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Kinetic energy |
The energy an object possesses by virtue of its motion K = .5mv^2 |
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Work-energy theorem |
A system gains or loses kinetic energy by transferring it through work between the environment and the system Wtot = ∆K |
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Potential energy |
The energy an object or system has by virtue of its position or configuration ∆Ug = -W(by gravity) ∆Ug = mgh |
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Conservation of mechanical energy |
The sum of an object's kinetic and potential energy E = K + U Ki + Ui = Kf + Uf |
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Power |
The rate at which work gets done P = work/time = W/t |
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Momentum |
p = mv |
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Impulse |
J = F∆t = ∆p pf = pi + J |
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Conservation of linear momentum |
Two interacting objects experience equal but opposite momentum changes total pi = total pf |
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Types of collisions |
Elastic - the objects bounce perfectly off each other in opposite directions. Both KE and momentum are conserved. Inelastic - the objects travel in the same direction after the collision. KE is lost and momentum is conserved. Perfectly inelastic - the objects stick together and travel in the same direction. Greatest KE is lost and momentum is conserved. |
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Centripetal acceleration |
ac = v^2/r Fc = mac = mv^2/r |
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Newton's law of gravitation (gravitational force) |
Fg = Gm1m2/r^2 |
