A&p Of The Eye Mid-Term

Front 1

Divides structure into left and right side

Back 1

Sagittal Plane

Front 2

Divides the structure into superior and inferior parts

Back 2

Transverse Plane

Front 3

Divides the structure into anterior and posterior sides

Back 3

Coronal or Frontal Plane

Front 4

Divides structure into right and left halves

Back 4

Midsagittal Plane

Front 5

Space in the eye bounded by the cornea in the front and the lens in the back

Back 5

Anterior Cavity

Front 6

Space in the eye bounded by the cornea in the front and the iris in the back

Back 6

Anterior Chamber

Front 7

Space in the eye bounded by the lens in the front and the retina in the back

Back 7

Posterior Cavity (Vitreous Chamber)

Front 8

Space in the eye bounded by the iris in the front and the lens in the back

Back 8

Posterior Chamber

Front 9

Middle Vascular Coat

Back 9

Iris, Ciliary body, and Choroid

Front 10

Outer Fibrous Coat

Back 10

Cornea and Sclera

Front 11

Inner Neural Layer

Back 11

Retina

Front 12

Tissue that carries impulses in the body

Back 12

Nerve Tissue

Front 13

"Packing Peanuts" of the body

Back 13

Connective Tissue

Front 14

Tissue that provides movement in the body

Back 14

Muscle Tissue

Front 15

Lining, covering, and glandular tissue of the body

Back 15

Epithelial Tissue

Front 16

Control center of the cell

Back 16

Nucleus

Front 17

Liquid portion of the cytoplasm

Back 17

Cytosol

Front 18

"Powerhouse" of the cell

Back 18

Mitochondria

Front 19

Site of protein synthesis

Back 19

Ribosomes

Front 20

Separates inside of cell from outside of cell

Back 20

Cell Membrane

Front 21

All the material inside the cell outside of the nucleus

Back 21

Cytoplasm

Front 22

"Warehouse" of the cell

Back 22

Golgi Apparatus

Front 23

Sacs filled with powerful digestive enzymes

Back 23

Lysosomes

Front 24

Clear image is observed with no correction needed

Back 24

Emmetropia

Front 25

Nearsightedness

Back 25

Myopia

Front 26

Farsightedness

Back 26

Hyperopia

Front 27

Away from midline

Back 27

Lateral

Front 28

Toward the midline

Back 28

Medial

Front 29

Away from head

Back 29

Inferior or Caudal

Front 30

Farther away from the point of origin

Back 30

Distal

Front 31

Toward the head

Back 31

Superior or Cranial

Front 32

Toward the back

Back 32

Posterior or Caudal

Front 33

Closer to the point of origin

Back 33

Proximal

Front 34

Toward the front

Back 34

Anterior or Ventral

Front 35

Performs the majority of refraction of light

Back 35

Cornea

Front 36

Absorbs excess light entering the eye

Back 36

Choroid

Front 37

Contains the Pupil

Back 37

Iris

Front 38

White of the eye

Back 38

Sclera

Front 39

Transition area of cornea to sclera

Back 39

Limbus

Front 40

Produces Aqueous Humor

Back 40

Ciliary Body

Front 41

T or F, the cells of the corneal endothelium are typically hexagonally shaped

Back 41

True

Front 42

T or F, the surface layer of the Corneal Epithelium contains Microvilli and Micriplicae to assist in holding the Aqueous Humor to the anterior surface of the Cornea

Back 42

False

Front 43

What is not a factor that would affect the amount of refraction of the cornea

Back 43

The diameter of the cornea

Front 44

T or F, the surface layer of the corneal epithelium contains cells that get replaced as they slough off

Back 44

True

Front 45

T or F, Myopia is usually caused by the eyeball being too short

Back 45

False

Front 46

T or F, the Cornea is densely vascular used with blood vessels

Back 46

False

Front 47

T or F, the Sclera of a newborn is usually bluish because the Sclera is so thick

Back 47

False

Front 48

T or F, the Cornea is thinnest upon awakening, but will return to baseline thickness after a couple of hours

Back 48

False

Front 49

T or F, Water content is precisely controlled in the Cornea

Back 49

True

Front 50

T or F, Bownman's Layer does not regenerate if damaged

Back 50

True

Front 51

T or F, Corneal Edema changes the Posterior Corneal Curvature rather than the Anterior Corneal Curvature

Back 51

True

Front 52

T or F, the cells of the corneal endothelium constantly reproduce

Back 52

False

Front 53

The place where the Aqueous Humor is absorbed into the bloodstream

Back 53

Canal of Schlemm

Front 54

T or F, the Corneal Epithelium can heal rapidly ( in 24-48 hours) if the damaged area is small

Back 54

True

Front 55

T or F, Damage to the storm results in formation of scar tissue

Back 55

True

Front 56

T or F, damage to the Corneal Endothelium thulium is easily repaired by the replacement of the damaged cells with new ones

Back 56

False

Front 57

The Integral Proteins in the Plasma Membrane of the cells of the Corneal Epithelium and Endothelium that act as channels to permit movement of water in and out of the cells are called?

Back 57

Aquaporins

Front 58

Myopia usually developed between what ages?

Back 58

Ages 8-14

Front 59

Growth of abnormal blood vessels in the Corneal area is called _________?

Back 59

Neovascularization

Front 60

T or F, Ultralight radiation is absorbed by the Corneal Endothelium

Back 60

False

Front 61

T or F, Fuch's Dystrophy is a viral disease that leads to a loss of Corneal Endothelium function and can lead to stream Edema

Back 61

False

Front 62

T or F, A Poorly fitting contact lens that does not allow adequate tear exchange can lead to Corneal Edema

Back 62

True

Front 63

T or F, the storm is the thickest layer of the cornea

Back 63

True

Front 64

The weakest area of the Sclera is called the_________

Back 64

Lamina Cribosa

Front 65

T or F, the Cornea is densely inner acted with sensory fibers

Back 65

True

Front 66

T or F, most of the Oxygen supplied to the layers of the Cornea is supplied by the blood vessels of the Limbus

Back 66

False

Front 67

T or F, Corneal Edema cause a reduced scattering of light by the cornea

Back 67

False

Front 68

T or F, Healing of the Cornea Epithelium generally results in the formation of scar tissue

Back 68

False

Front 69

T or F, Bowman's Layer of the cornea contains cells that are produced prenatally and do not reproduce

Back 69

True

Front 70

T or F the innermost layer of the corneal epithelium is bound tightly to the layer beneath, Descemet's Membrane

Back 70

False

Front 71

The layers of the cornea from anterior to posterior are:

Back 71

Epithelium

Bowman's Layer

Stroma

Descemet's Membrane

Endothelium

Front 72

T or F, the middle layer of the corneal epithelium is composed of wing cells

Back 72

True

Front 73

T or F, Decemet's Membrane is the basement membrane for the epithelium of the cornea

Back 73

False

Front 74

T or F, the storm of the cornea contains Elastic Fibers, Keratinocytes, and Ground Substance

Back 74

False

Front 75

T or F, Healing of the Cornea Epithelium generally results in the formation of scar tissue

Back 75

False

Front 76

Circular ridge on the pupil

Back 76

Collarette

Front 77

Middle layer of muscle tissue in the ciliary body

Back 77

Radial Muscle Fibers

Front 78

Outermost layer of muscle tissue in the ciliary body

Back 78

Longitudinal Muscle Fibers

Front 79

The specialized capillary bed of the choroid

Back 79

Choriocapillaris

Front 80

Innermost layer of the choroid

Back 80

Bruch's Membrane

Front 81

The junction of the ciliary body and the choroid

Back 81

Ora Serrata

Front 82

The valve-less veins that collect blood from each quadrant of the eye

Back 82

Vortex Veins

Front 83

Thinnest part of the Iris

Back 83

Iris Root

Front 84

Region of the iris inside the collarette

Back 84

Pupillary Zone

Front 85

Large size of pupil in low light conditions

Back 85

Mydriatic

Front 86

Very small size of pupil in bright light conditions

Back 86

Miotic

Front 87

Regulates the amount of light reaching the retina

Back 87

Pupil

Front 88

Region of the iris outside the collarette

Back 88

Ciliary Zone

Front 89

Outermost layer of the ciliary body

Back 89

Supraciliaris

Front 90

The highly vascularized layer of the ciliary body

Back 90

Stroma

Front 91

Innermost layer of muscle fibers in the ciliary body

Back 91

(Muller's) Annular Muscle

Front 92

The shape of the Lens

Back 92

Bioconvex

Front 93

Primary Zonules

Back 93

Fibers that attach lens to ciliary body

Front 94

Fetal Nucleus

Back 94

Includes all lens fibers created before birth

Front 95

Ciliary muscle is relaxed, zonules are stretched

Back 95

Far Vision

Front 96

Attach primary zonules to each other

Back 96

Secondary Zonules

Front 97

Adult Nucleus

Back 97

Includes all lens fibers created up to the time of sexual maturation

Front 98

Embryonic Nucleus

Back 98

Core of the lens

Front 99

Epithelium-Fiber Interface

Back 99

Border between apical membrane of anterior epithelium and apical membrane of elongating lens fibers

Front 100

Tension Fibers

Back 100

Anchor primary zonules to ciliary valley

Front 101

Ciliary muscle is contracted, zonules are relaxed

Back 101

Near Vision

Front 102

Diabetic Cataract

Back 102

Caused by elevated glucose levels

Front 103

Cataract

Back 103

Any lens opacity

Front 104

Lens Capsule

Back 104

Gives the lens protection from infectious viruses and bacteria

Front 105

Crystalline

Back 105

Proteins of the lens fibers

Front 106

Age-Related Nuclear Cataract

Back 106

Due to a decline in glutathione

Front 107

Posterior Subcapsular Cataract (PSC)

Back 107

May be due to radiation damage from radiation treatments

Front 108

Brunescence

Back 108

Dark-brown concentration of pigment that may accumulate in the lens

Front 109

Age-Related Cortical Cataract

Back 109

Due to high lifetime exposure to UVR

Front 110

Presbyopia

Back 110

Loss of accommodative ability of lens over time

Front 111

The lens first appears as the_____

Back 111

Lens Vesicle

Front 112

The center of the anterior lens is called______

Back 112

Anterior Pole

Front 113

The _____is the transparent envelop that surrounds the entire lens

Back 113

Lens Capsule

Front 114

The main medication used to treat IOP

Back 114

Prostaglandins

Front 115

Cribiform Layer

Back 115

Connective tissue that separates the Canal of Schlemm from the Trabecular Meshwork

Front 116

Cribiform Layer

Back 116

Connective tissue that separates the Canal of Schlemm from the Trabecular Meshwork

Front 117

Trabecular Meshwork

Back 117

Flattened, perforated sheets of collagen and elastic fibers

Front 118

Cribiform Layer

Back 118

Connective tissue that separates the Canal of Schlemm from the Trabecular Meshwork

Front 119

Trabecular Meshwork

Back 119

Flattened, perforated sheets of collagen and elastic fibers

Front 120

Canal of Schlemm

Back 120

Blood vessel that absorbs Aqueous Humor

Front 121

Cribiform Layer

Back 121

Connective tissue that separates the Canal of Schlemm from the Trabecular Meshwork

Front 122

Trabecular Meshwork

Back 122

Flattened, perforated sheets of collagen and elastic fibers

Front 123

Canal of Schlemm

Back 123

Blood vessel that absorbs Aqueous Humor

Front 124

Corneoscleral Meshwork

Back 124

Outer region of Trabecular Meshwork

Front 125

Uveal Meshwork

Back 125

Inner region of Trabecular Meshwork

Front 126

Uveal Meshwork

Back 126

Inner region of Trabecular Meshwork

Front 127

Scleral Spur

Back 127

Attachment site for Trabecular Meshwork

Front 128

Hyalocytes

Back 128

Vitreous Cells

Front 129

Hyalocytes

Back 129

Vitreous Cells

Front 130

Intermediate Zone

Back 130

Middle Vitreous Zone

Front 131

Hyalocytes

Back 131

Vitreous Cells

Front 132

Intermediate Zone

Back 132

Middle Vitreous Zone

Front 133

Vitreous Cortex

Back 133

Outermost Vitreous Zone

Front 134

Hyalocytes

Back 134

Vitreous Cells

Front 135

Intermediate Zone

Back 135

Middle Vitreous Zone

Front 136

Vitreous Cortex

Back 136

Outermost Vitreous Zone

Front 137

Area of Martegiani

Back 137

Funnel-shaped space at the optic nerve head

Front 138

Hyalocytes

Back 138

Vitreous Cells

Front 139

Intermediate Zone

Back 139

Middle Vitreous Zone

Front 140

Vitreous Cortex

Back 140

Outermost Vitreous Zone

Front 141

Area of Martegiani

Back 141

Funnel-shaped space at the optic nerve head

Front 142

Cloquet's Canal

Back 142

Innermost Vitreous Zone

Front 143

Primary Germ Layers

Back 143

Form Embryonic Plate

Front 144

Primary Germ Layers

Back 144

Form Embryonic Plate

Front 145

Eyelids

Back 145

Form from folds of surface ectoderm

Front 146

Primary Germ Layers

Back 146

Form Embryonic Plate

Front 147

Eyelids

Back 147

Form from folds of surface ectoderm

Front 148

Lacrimal Gland

Back 148

Not fully developed until age 3 or 4

Front 149

Primary Germ Layers

Back 149

Form Embryonic Plate

Front 150

Eyelids

Back 150

Form from folds of surface ectoderm

Front 151

Lacrimal Gland

Back 151

Not fully developed until age 3 or 4

Front 152

Foveola

Back 152

Last area of neural retina to reach maturity

Front 153

Primary Germ Layers

Back 153

Form Embryonic Plate

Front 154

Eyelids

Back 154

Form from folds of surface ectoderm

Front 155

Lacrimal Gland

Back 155

Not fully developed until age 3 or 4

Front 156

Foveola

Back 156

Last area of neural retina to reach maturity

Front 157

Cones

Back 157

First photoreceptor to differentiate

Front 158

Primary Germ Layers

Back 158

Form Embryonic Plate

Front 159

Form from folds of surface ectoderm

Back 159

Eyelids

Front 160

Not fully developed until age 3 or 4

Back 160

Lacrimal Gland

Front 161

Last area of neural retina to reach maturity

Back 161

Foveola

Front 162

First photoreceptor to differentiate

Back 162

Cones

Front 163

Created from the lip of the optic cup

Back 163

Iris

Front 164

Formed by atrophy of cells or assimilation of cells into nearby structures

Back 164

Anterior Chamber

Front 165

Influence one developing structure has on another

Back 165

Induction

Front 166

Produced from Optic Stalk

Back 166

Optic Nerve

Front 167

First Stage of eye development

Back 167

Optic pits