A&p Muscles

Front 1

frontalis

Back 1

ORIGIN
Occipital : highest nuchal line and mastoid process. Frontal: superior fibers of upper facial muscles
INSERTION
Galeal aponeurosis

Front 2

occipitalis

Back 2

ORIGIN
Occipital : highest nuchal line and mastoid process. Frontal: superior fibers of upper facial muscles
INSERTION
Galeal aponeurosis

Front 3

masseter sternocleidomastoid

Back 3

ORIGIN
Anterior two thirds of zygomatic arch and zygomatic process of maxilla
INSERTION
Lateral surface of angle and lower ramus of mandible
ORIGIN
Anterior and superior manubrium and superior medial third of clavicle
INSERTION
Lateral aspect of mastoid process and anterior half of superior nuchal line

Front 4

temporalis orbicularis oculi

Back 4

ORIGIN
Temporal fossa between inferior temporal line and infratemporal crest
INSERTION
Medial and anterior aspect of coronoid process of mandible
ORIGIN
Medial orbital margin and lacrimal sac (orbital, palpebral and lacrimal parts)
INSERTION
Lateral palpebral raphe

Front 5

zygomaticus orbicularis oris

Back 5

Anterior surface of zygomatic bone
INSERTION
Modiolus at angle of mouth

Front 6

trapezius

Back 6

ORIGIN
Medial third superior nuchal line, ligament nuchae, spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments to T12
INSERTION
Upper fibers to lateral third of posterior border of clavicle; lower to medial acromion and superior lip of spine of scapula to deltoid tubercle

Front 7

deltoid

Back 7

ORIGIN
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula to deltoid tubercle
INSERTION
Middle of lateral surface of humerus (deltoid tuberosity)

Front 8

latissimus dorsi

Back 8

ORIGIN
Spine T7, spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments of all lower thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae, lumbar fascia, posterior third iliac crest, last four ribs (interdigitating with external oblique abdominis) and inferior angle of scapula
INSERTION
Floor of bicipital groove of humerus after spiraling around teres major

Front 9

triceps brachii

Back 9

ORIGIN
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula. lateral head: upper half posterior humerus (linear origin). medial head: lies deep on lower half posterior humerus inferomedial to spiral groove and both intermuscular septa
INSERTION
Posterior part of upper surface of olecranon process of ulna and posterior capsule

Front 10

biceps brachii

Back 10

ORIGIN
Long head:supraglenoid tubercle of scapula. Short head: coracoid process of scapula with coracobrachialis
INSERTION
posterior border of bicipital tuberosity of radius (over bursa) and bicipital aponeurosis to deep fascia and subcutaneous ulna

Front 11

brachialis

Back 11

ORIGIN
Anterior lower half of humerus and medial and lateral intermuscular septa
INSERTION
Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

Front 12

extensor carpi radialis longus

Back 12

ORIGIN
Lower third of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus and lateral intermuscular septum
INSERTION
Posterior base of 2nd metacarpal

Front 13

extensor digitorum

Back 13

ORIGIN
Common extensor origin on anterior aspect of lateral epicondyle of humerus
INSERTION
External expansion to middle and distal phalanges by four tendons. Tendons 3 and 4 usually fuse and little finger just receives a slip

Front 14

brachioradialis

Back 14

ORIGIN
Upper two thirds of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus and lateral intermuscular septum
INSERTION
Base of styloid process of radius

Front 15

flexor carpi radialis

Back 15

ORIGIN
Common flexor origin of medial epicondyle of humerus
INSERTION
Bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals via groove in trapezium and slip to scaphoid

Front 16

palmaris longus

Back 16

ORIGIN
Common flexor origin of medial epicondyle of humerus
INSERTION
Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis

Front 17

flexor carpi ulnaris

Back 17

ORIGIN
Humeral head: common flexor origin of medial epicondyle. Ulnar head: aponeurosis from medial olecranon and upper three quarters subcutaneous border of ulna
INSERTION
Pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal via pisohamate and pisometacarpal ligaments

Front 18

pronator teres

Back 18

ORIGIN
Humeral head: medial epicondyle, medial supracondylar ridge and medial intermuscular septum. Ulnar head: medial border of coronoid process
INSERTION
Just posterior to most prominent part of lateral convexity of radius

Front 19

pectoralis major

Back 19

ORIGIN
Clavicular head-medial half clavicle. Sternocostal head-lateral manubrium and sternum, six upper costal cartilages and external oblique aponeurosis
INSERTION
Lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus and anterior lip of deltoid tuberosity

Front 20

pectoralis minor

Back 20

ORIGIN
3, 4, 5 ribs
INSERTION
Medial and upper surface of coracoid process of scapula

Front 21

Abdominal wall

Back 21

a

Front 22

rectus abdominis

Back 22

ORIGIN
Pubic crest and pubic symphysis
INSERTION
5, 6, 7 costal cartilages, medial inferiorcostal margin and posterior aspect of xiphoid

Front 23

internal oblique

Back 23

ORIGIN
Lumbar fascia, anterior two thirds of iliac crest and lateral two thirds of inguinal ligament
INSERTION
Costal margin, aponeurosis of rectus sheath (anterior and posterior ), conjoint tendon to pubic crest and pectineal line

Front 24

transversus abdominis

Back 24

ORIGIN
Costal margin, lumbar fascia, anterior two thirds of iliac crest and lateral half of inguinal ligament
INSERTION
Aponeurosis of posterior and anterior rectus sheath and conjoint tendon to pubic crest and pectineal line

Front 25

external oblique

Back 25

ORIGIN
Anterior angles of lower eight ribs
INSERTION
Outer anterior half of iliac crest, inguinal lig, public tubercle and crest, and aponeurosis of anterior rectus sheath

Front 26

sartorius

Back 26

ORIGIN
Immediately below anterior superior iliac spine
INSERTION
Upper medial surface of shaft of tibia

Front 27

rectus femoris

Back 27

ORIGIN
Straight head: anterior inferior iliac spine. Reflected head: ilium above acetabulum
INSERTION
Quadriceps tendon to patella , via ligamentum patellae into tubercle of tibia

Front 28

vastus lateralis

Back 28

ORIGIN
Upper intertrochanteric line, base of greater trochanter, lateral linea aspera, lateral supracondylar ridge and lateral intermuscular septum
INSERTION
Lateral quadriceps tendon to patella, via ligamentum patellae into tubercle of tibia

Front 29

vastus medialis

Back 29

ORIGIN
Lower intertrochanteric line, spiral line, medial linea aspera and medial intermuscular septum
INSERTION
Medial quadriceps tendon to patella and directly into medial patella, via ligamentum patellae into tubercle of tibia

Front 30

gluteus maximus

Back 30

ORIGIN
Outer surface of ilium behind posterior gluteal line and posterior third of iliac crest lumbar fascia, lateral mass of sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament and coccyx
INSERTION
Deepest quarter into gluteal tuberosity of femur, remaining three quarters into iliotibial tract (anterior surface of lateral condyle of tibia)

Front 31

biceps femoris

Back 31

ORIGIN
Long head: upper inner quadrant of posterior surface of ischial tuberosity. Short head:middle third of linea aspera, lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
INSERTION
Styloid process of head of fibula. lateral collateral ligament and lateral tibial condyle

Front 32

gracilis

Back 32

ORIGIN
Outer surface of ischiopubic ramus
INSERTION
Upper medial shaft of tibia below sartorius

Front 33

semitendinosus

Back 33

ORIGIN
Upper inner quadrant of posterior surface of ischial tuberosity
INSERTION
Upper medial shaft of tibia below gracilis

Front 34

tibialis anterior

Back 34

ORIGIN
Upper half of lateral shaft of tibia and interosseous membrane
INSERTION
Inferomedial aspect of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

Front 35

extensor digitorum longus

Back 35

ORIGIN
Upper two thirds of anterior shaft of fibula, interosseous membrane and superior tibiofibular joint
INSERTION
Extensor expansion of lateral four toes

Front 36

gastrocnemius

Back 36

ORIGIN
Lateral head: posterior surface of lateral condyle of femur and highest of three facets on lateral condyle. medial head: posterior surface of femur above medial condyle
INSERTION
Tendo calcaneus to middle of three facets on posterior aspect of calcaneus

Front 37

soleus

Back 37

ORIGIN
Soleal line and middle third of posterior border of tibia and upper quarter of posterior shaft of fibula including neck
INSERTION
Tendo calcaneus to middle of three facets on posterior surface of calcaneus