Ap Lect 10 Joints Movement & Disease

Front 1

3 joint classification

Back 1

1. Synarthrosis
2. Amphiarthrosis
3. Diarthrosis

Front 2

What is a Synarthrosis joint?

Back 2

immovable; may fuse over time

Front 3

what is an Amphiarthrosis joint?

Back 3

slightly moveable

Front 4

what is Diarthrosis joint? aka ____

Back 4

freely moveable--moves thru free range of motion
aka synovial joint

Front 5

3 types of aka dynamic motion

Back 5

1. linear
2. angular
3. rotation

Front 6

Joint moving in 1 axis are called

Back 6

Monaxial

Front 7

joints moving in 2 axis are called?

Back 7

Biaxial

Front 8

Joint moving in 3 axis are called?

Back 8

Triaxial

Front 9

What motions does Linear make?

Back 9

gliding; pencil vertical only point moves; left to right & front to back

*think of name Linear means line***

Front 10

What motion does Angular make?

Back 10

point stays; only shaft angle to table changes

Front 11

what movement does Circumduction make?

Back 11

pencil point anchored , shaft at angle moves in circle

Front 12

what movement is Rotation

Back 12

pencil point anchored, shaft spins

pencil is twisting in circle

Front 13

clavicle and manubrium
&carpals & tarsal bones
are examples of?

Back 13

Linear motion----gliding

Front 14

motion based on reference to anatomical position

Back 14

angular

Front 15

Flexion & Extension are what ___ do not ____

Back 15

is movement not what muscles do**

Front 16

_____ Contraction & relaxation

Back 16

what all muscles do ***

Front 17

arm make fist---posterior side of arm is ______ motion is called ____

Back 17

arm is contracted; motion is called extension

Front 18

Flexion

Back 18

movement itselt; decrease angle between 2 elements

Front 19

to bend your arm, you ____ bicep brachii . and flexion of the arm occurs. what happens to Tricep brachi (posterior side)

Back 19

contract

tricep brachi is relaxed

Front 20

to straighten arm, you _____ biceps brachii and ____ the triceps brachii to cause extension of the arm

Back 20

relax biceps

contact triceps

Front 21

straighten leg extend leg---contract quad muscles

Back 21

flex leg contact hamstring

Front 22

hyperextension

Back 22

extension past anatomical position;;movement outward (opposite of flexion)

prone to dislocation

Front 23

extended

Back 23

natural position

Front 24

ABducted

Back 24

taking away from midline

**like abducted kidnapped

Front 25

ADDuction

Back 25

toward the midline

Front 26

circumduction

Back 26

circular motion but no rotation happening--bone is not rotating

Front 27

humerous is not twisting around--palm stays down

Back 27

circumduction

Front 28

Rotation

Back 28

diaphysis is spinning around

Front 29

T/F
Rotation is in regard to longitudinal axis of body

Back 29

TRUEEEE

Front 30

Medial rotation

Back 30

Rotates toward axis;
inward rotation

Front 31

Lateral rotation

Back 31

outward rotation;

Rotates away from axis

Front 32

Pronation & Supination are releateve to ______ only.

Back 32

to forearm

Front 33

What is Pronation?

Back 33

Rotates forearm
Radius over ulna

*palm down

Front 34

What is Supination?

Back 34

Forearm in Atomical position

forearm is supined in anatomical position

*Palm up hold soup

Front 35

INversion

Back 35

turning into
twist foot medial

Front 36

Eversion

Back 36

turn outward
twist foot laterally

Front 37

Inversion, Eversion, Dorsiflexion & Plantar Flexion are in regard to _____

Back 37

Feet

Front 38

Dorsiflexion

Back 38

flexion at ankle (Lift toes)

tos towards knee

Front 39

Plantar Flexion

Back 39

Extension at ankle (Pointing toes)

*planting self into ground--ballerina

Front 40

OPPOSition

Back 40

move thumb toward fingers (grasping)

*like opposal thumbs***

Front 41

protrAction

Back 41

moves anteriorly in horizontal plane;;; push forward

slide bottom teeth like underbite
-protrude neck outward

Front 42

Retraction

Back 42

pull back in horizontal plane anter/post

move neck inward like turkey neck

Front 43

Elevation

Back 43

move superior direction

shrug shoulders

Front 44

Depression

Back 44

move in inferior direction

Front 45

Lateral Flexion

Back 45

bend vertebral column side to side

Front 46

Gliding Joint

Back 46

joints slide over each other but ligaments prevent movement or limit range of motion

***NONaxial

Front 47

Hinge

Back 47

Monoxial plane; henge on door like elbow; Angular motion

ex/ ulna & humerus,

Front 48

Pivot

Back 48

monaxial permit rotation only
**think pivot one foot & spin in circle---rotation only

like c1 & c2 (atlas, axis)

Front 49

6 types of Synovial Joints

Back 49

People Everywhere BS Sadly to Gain Hierarchy
1. Pivot
2. Ellipsoid
3. Ball-and-socket
4. Saddle
5. Gliding
6. Hinge

Front 50

elbow joint, knee, ankle, & interphalangeal are examples of?

Back 50

Hinge Joint

Front 51

Atlas/axis & Proximal radio-ulna joint are examples of?

Back 51

Pivot Joint

Front 52

Sacroilliac, vertebrocostal joints, intercarpel/intertarsal examples of?

Back 52

Gliding Joints

Front 53

Joints with Greater range of motion are ______

Back 53

weaker

Front 54

Ellipsoid joint? and what type of movement does it have?

Back 54

oval articular face within depression; movement=biaxial ( motion in 2planes)
***Think eclipse -oval face(shadow) within depression (moon)
ex/ carpals

Front 55

Saddle Joints

Back 55

something straddled; biaxial

concave & convex
1st carpometacarpo joint
*think straddle bull back forth 2 directions
ex/ thumb & trapezium

Front 56

Ball-And-Socket

Back 56

have all combo angular & rotation movement ; Triaxial

ex/ hip, humerus

Front 57

Henge joint not moving or caused not to move in monoaxial plane?

Back 57

subluxation; can move out of position easily

Front 58

Glenohumeral joint

Back 58

shoulder joint

Front 59

Joint with the greatest range in the body?

Back 59

Shoulder joint

Front 60

elbow joint, knee, ankle, & interphalangeal are examples of what Synovial Joint & what type of movement??

Back 60

Hinge Joint ;; movement=monaxial

Front 61

Atlas/axis & Proximal radio-ulna joint examples of what Synovial Joint & what type of movement??

Back 61

Pivot Joint ;;; movement= monaxial (rotation)

Front 62

Sacroilliac, vertebrocostal joints, intercarpel/intertarsal examples of what Synovial Joint & what type of movement?

Back 62

Gliding Joints----movement=slight nonaxial or multiaxial

Front 63

Joints with Greater range of motion are ______

Back 63

weaker

Front 64

Ellipsoid joint

Back 64

oval articular face within depression; motion in 2 planes (biaxial)

ex/ all carpals

Front 65

Saddle Joints

Back 65

movement in 2 directions (biaxial);;;;
concave & convex (the cave part) think thumb only place found

FOUND:: thumb & trapezium (first metacarpel joint)
**think of riding bull-move in 2 directions)

Front 66

Ball-And-Socket

Back 66

have all combo angular & rotation movement ;diarthrosis; Triaxial

ex/ shoulder, hip joint

Front 67

Henge joint not moving or caused not to move in monoaxial plane?

Back 67

subluxation; can move out of position easily

Front 68

Glenohumeral joint

Back 68

shoulder joint
scapula/humerus

Front 69

Joint with the greatest range in the body & least stable?

Back 69

Shoulder joint

Front 70

T/F

Glenohumeral Joint is supported by skeletal muscles, Tendons & Ligaments

Back 70

TRUEEEEE

Front 71

Where is the Shoulder Joint?

Back 71

Head of Humerus & Glenoid Fossa/Cavity of Scapula

Front 72

Elbow Joint

Back 72

stable complex hinge joint

Articulations: Humerus, Radius & ulna

Front 73

what is ligament?

Back 73

bone against bone

Front 74

within the Humero-ulnar joint, what is articulating?

Back 74

Trochlea of humerus & lunar notch of ulna

Front 75

what are the 2 articulations(joints) of the elbow?

Back 75

1.Humero-ulnar joint
2. Humeroradial Joint

Front 76

Biggest articulation in elbow?

Back 76

Humero-ulnar joint

Front 77

what articulates in the humeroradial joint?

Back 77

Capitulum of Humerus & the head of the Radius

Front 78

Hip joint aka coxal joint

Back 78

strong ball & socket diarthrosis

wide range of motion

Front 79

what are the structures of the Hip Joint

Back 79

Head of Fumur sits in Acetabulum & is extended by Cartilaginous labrum

Front 80

T/F
More likely to break Hip Joint then have it pop out of socket because ligaments hold it down

Back 80

TRUEEEEE

Front 81

Knee Joint

Back 81

complicated Hinge Joint; transfer weight from femur to tibia

Front 82

Periosteum

Back 82

around the bone; separate bones from ligaments

Front 83

3 Articulations in Knee Joint

Back 83

TWO in Femur-tibia Articulations:
1) at medial & 2)lateral condyles

3) between patella and patellar surface of femur

Front 84

weight bearing bone

Back 84

Tibia

Front 85

Medial & Lateral Menisci

Back 85

Fibrous pads
cushion to stabilize joint
give lateral support

Front 86

What happens when you lock knee

Back 86

“Locks” knees by jamming lateral meniscus between tibia and femur

Front 87

7 Ligaments in the Knee

Back 87

1) Ant Patellar ligaments
2/3 two popliteal lig
4/5 Ant & post cruciate lig (inside joint capsule)
6) tibial collateral lig
7) Fibular collateral lig

Front 88

Rheumatism

Back 88

Pain stiffness of skeletal muscle sys

Front 89

Arthritis

Back 89

all form of rheumatism that damage articular cartilages of synovial joints

artho= joint :::: inflammation of joint

Front 90

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Back 90

inflammatory
caused by infection
involves immune sys
Lots of causes

Front 91

Osteoarthritis

Back 91

most common form
inflammation of joint at bone itself

Front 92

Gouty Arthritis

Back 92

Occurs when crystals (uric acid or Ca2+ salts) form
within synovial fluid

Front 93

Bursitis

Back 93

Inflam. of bursa

Caused by:::: trauma, infection, overuse &misuse

Front 94

Dislocation

Back 94

Displac. of bone from a joint ligaments held together

Capsule & tendons are damaged

Front 95

SPrain

Back 95

partial or compl. tear of ligaments & capsule of a joint

Front 96

STrain

Back 96

tearing of muscles not joint