Ap Lang Rhetorical/literary Terms

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Epizouxis

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Repetition of words consecutively or two repetitions of a word but delays the last one for a moment

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Anaphora

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Occurs when a speaker repeats the same word(s) at the start of clauses

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Epistorphe, antistrophe

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The repetition of a word or phrase at the end of a series

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Symploce

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Words are repeated at the start of successive sentences or clauses, and other words are repeated at the end of them, often with a small change in the middle

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Anadiplosis

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The use of the same language at the end of one sentence or clause and at the start of the next (ABBC)

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Polyproton

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Repeating the root of a word with a different ending

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Isocolon

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The use of successive sentences, clauses, or phrases of similar length and parallel in structure

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Chiasmus

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Words or other elements are repeated with their order reversed (ABBA)

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Anastrophe

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Words appear in unexpected order

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Polysyndeton

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Repetitive use of conjunctions

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Asyndeton

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Leaving out a conjunction where it is expected

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Ellpsis

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Omission of expected words

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Paralipsis

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Speaker describes hat he will not say

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Aposiopesis

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Breaking of a sentence and leaving it unfinished

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Metonia

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Correcting oneself

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Litotes

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A speaker avoids making an affirmative claim directly

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Erotema (Erotessi)

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Question that does not call for a reply

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Hyphora

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Speaker asks a question and answers it

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Prolepsis

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Speaker anticipates an objection and comments on it

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Absolute statement

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Free from limitations or qualifications

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Adage

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A familiar proverb or wise saying

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Allusion

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A reference to a well-known real or fictional person, place, song, movie, or event

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Ambiguity

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The double or multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of word, phrase, sentence, or passage

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Analogy

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A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them

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Aphorism

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A concise statement that expresses succinctly a general truth or idea, often using rhyme or balance

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Cliche

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An expression that has been overused to the extent that its freshness has worn off

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Colloquial

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The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing

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Conceit

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A fanciful expression

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Connotation

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What a word suggests beyond its basic definition

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Euphemism

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An indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant

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Idiom

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An expression in a given language that cannot be understood from the literal meaning of the words in the expression; or a regional speech or dialect

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Invective

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A intensely, highly emotional verbal attack

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Limerick

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A fixed form consisting of five lines of anapestic meter

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Jargon

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The specialized language or vocabulary of a particular group or profession

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Malapropism

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The mistaken substitution of one word for another word that sounds similar

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Maxim

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A concise statement, often offering advice; an adage

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Metonomy

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The name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it

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Synecdoche

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The use of the part for the whole

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Paradox

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A statement or situation that appears to be false or self-contradictory, but that proves to be true upon reflection

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Phillipic

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A strong verbal denunciation

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Syllepsis

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A construction in which one word is used in two different senses

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Synesthesia

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Describing one kind of sensation in terms of another

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Tautology

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Needless repetition which adds no meaning or understanding

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Understatement

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The deliberate representation of something as lesser in magnitude than it actually is; a deliberate under-emphasis

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Vernacular

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The every speech of a particular country or region

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Zuegma

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A grammatically correct construction in which a word, usually a verb or adjective, is applied to two or more nouns without being repeated