A&p Lab Test 2, Bones

Front 1

longer than wide with broad ends

Back 1

long bones

Front 2

exs. of long bones

Back 2

humerus, ulna, radius, metacarpals, femur, tibia,
fibula, metatarsals, phalanges

Front 3

length and width close to equal

Back 3

short bones

Front 4

exs. of short bones

Back 4

carpal group, tarsal group and sesamoid bones (patella)

Front 5

thin, flat shape with parallel surfaces

Back 5

flat bones

Front 6

exs. of flat bones

Back 6

bones of the skull, ribs, sternum

Front 7

varied usually due to serving "many bosses"

Back 7

irregular bones

Front 8

exs. of irregular bones

Back 8

bones of face, vertebral column, coxal (hip)

Front 9

found lateral to midsagittal plane(the right one and left one are mirror-images)

Back 9

paired bones

Front 10

found medially in midsagittal plane

Back 10

single bones

Front 11

what forms the BONY THORAX

Back 11

a) Ribs
b) Sternum

Front 12

forms the axial skeleton

Back 12

1) SKULL and HYOID BONE
2) VERTEBRAL COLUMN
3) BONY THORAX

Front 13

forms APPENDICULAR SKELETON

Back 13

1) PECTORAL GIRDLE
2) UPPER LIMB
3) PELVIC GIRDLE
4) LOWER LIMB

Front 14

skeleton of all the limbs, our appendages

Back 14

appendicular skeleton

Front 15

large rounded projection; roughened

Back 15

tuberosity

Front 16

narrow ridge of bone

Back 16

crest

Front 17

very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process (only on femur)

Back 17

trochanter

Front 18

narrow ridge of bone

Back 18

line

Front 19

small rounded projection or process

Back 19

tubercle

Front 20

a bulge near a condyle, but not an articulating surface

Back 20

epicondyle

Front 21

sharp, slender, often pointed projection

Back 21

spine

Front 22

any bony prominence

Back 22

process

Front 23

an armlike bar of bone that is near a joint, but not an
articulating surface

Back 23

ramus

Front 24

narrow cylinder which supports a head

Back 24

neck

Front 25

bony expansion carried on a narrow neck

Back 25

head

Front 26

smooth, nearly flat articular surface

Back 26

facet

Front 27

rounded articular projection

Back 27

condyle

Front 28

canal like passageway

Back 28

meatus

Front 29

cavity within a bone, filled with air and lined with mucous membrane

Back 29

sinus

Front 30

shallow, basinlike depression in a bone

Back 30

fossa

Front 31

furrow

Back 31

groove

Front 32

narrow, slitlike opening

Back 32

fissure

Front 33

round or oval opening through a bone

Back 33

foramen

Front 34

function = protection of brain

Back 34

cranium

Front 35

composed of flat bones

Back 35

cranial vault

Front 36

composed of irregular bones

Back 36

cranial base

Front 37

grows quickly and matures in early childhood

Back 37

cranium

Front 38

surrounds the beginning of respiratory and digestive systems, also serves sensory and communication functions

Back 38

face

Front 39

growth matches skeleton growth, in general, and matures @ approx. 22 years

Back 39

face

Front 40

composed of irregular bones

Back 40

face

Front 41

forms the superior lateral and posterior aspects of the skill and forehead

Back 41

cranial vault (calvaria) (skullcap)

Front 42

forms the skills inferior aspect

Back 42

cranial base (cranial floor)

Front 43

house the eyebeals

Back 43

orbits

Front 44

constructed of bone and hyaline cartilage

Back 44

nasal cavity

Front 45

cinsists of 5 skull bones: frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, & maxillary bones. contain mucosa-lined sinuses

Back 45

paranasal sinuses

Front 46

name the 6 cranial bones

Back 46

1) Frontal bone 2) Parietal bones 3) Occipital bone 4) Temporal bones 5) Sphenoid bone 6) Ethmoid bone

Front 47

name the 8 facial bones

Back 47

1) Mandible 2) Maxillae 3) Zygomatic bones 4) Nasal bones 5) Lacrimal bones 6) Palatine bones 7) Vomer bone
8) Inferior nasal conchae

Front 48

anterior, superior portion of skull

Back 48

frontal bones

Front 49

thickened superior margines of the orbitals

Back 49

supraorbital margins

Front 50

supports the frontal lobes of the brain

Back 50

anterior cranial fossa

Front 51

pierces the ant. cranila fossa; allows the supraorbital artery and nerve to pass to the forehead

Back 51

supraorbital foramen (or notch)

Front 52

smooth portion of the frontal bone between the orbits

Back 52

glabella

Front 53

areas lateral to the glabella are riddles internally with these

Back 53

frontal sinuses

Front 54

superior lateral walls of the cranium

Back 54

Parietal bones

Front 55

where a parietal and temporal bone meet on the lateral aspect of the skull

Back 55

squamous suture

Front 56

parietal bones meet the frontal bone anteriorly

Back 56

coronal suture

Front 57

parietal bones meet superiorly at the cranial midline

Back 57

sagittal suture

Front 58

parietal bones meet the occipital bone posteriorly

Back 58

lambdoid suture

Front 59

posterior, inferior aspect of skull

Back 59

Occipital bone

Front 60

supports the cerebellum

Back 60

posterior cranial fossa

Front 61

where the inferior part of the brain meets witht he spinal cord

Back 61

foramen magnum

Front 62

articulate with the first veterbra of the spinal column in a way that permits a nodding movement

Back 62

occipital condyles

Front 63

through which a nerve of the same name passes

Back 63

hypoglossal canal

Front 64

medial protrusion superior to the foamen magnum

Back 64

external occipital protuberance

Front 65

inferior to parietal bones

Back 65

Temporal bones

Front 66

abuts the squamous suture

Back 66

squamous region

Front 67

barlike; meets the zygomatic bone of the face anteriorly

Back 67

zygomatic process

Front 68

projection of your cheek formed from the zygomatic process and squamous region.

Back 68

zygomatic arch

Front 69

recieves the condyle of the mandible, forming the moveable temporomandibular joint

Back 69

mandibular fossa

Front 70

surrounds the ext. ear canal; aka eardrum

Back 70

tympanic region

Front 71

ext. ear canal where sound enters

Back 71

external auditory (acoustic) meatus

Front 72

attatchment point for several tongue and neck muscles

Back 72

styloid process

Front 73

exhibits the mastoid process

Back 73

mastoid region

Front 74

anchoring site for some neck muscles; lump just posterior to the ear

Back 74

mastoid process

Front 75

between the styloid and mastoid processes, allows cranil nerve VII to leave the skull

Back 75

stylomastoid foramen

Front 76

NOT paranasal

Back 76

mastoid sinuses

Front 77

part of the temporal bone contributes to the cranial base; looks like a ridge

Back 77

petrous region

Front 78

suports the temporal lobes; formed by spenoid bone and petrous portions

Back 78

middle cranial fossa -

Front 79

allows passage of the internal jugular vein and 3 cranial nerves

Back 79

jugular foramen

Front 80

transmits the internal carotid artery into the cranial cavity

Back 80

carotid canal

Front 81

a jagged opening between the petroud temp. bone and sphenoid bone.

Back 81

foramen lacerum

Front 82

transmits cranial nerves VII and VIII

Back 82

internal acoustic (auditory) meatus

Front 83

location = middle of cranial floor

Back 83

Sphenoid bone

Front 84

within this are the spenoid sinuses

Back 84

body -

Front 85

make up the body of the sphenoid bone

Back 85

sphenoid sinuses -

Front 86

superior surface of the body has a saddle-shaped prminenece

Back 86

sella turcica –

Front 87

seat of the sella turcica saddle; forms a snug enclosure for the pituitary gland

Back 87

hypophyseal fossa –

Front 88

abutts anteroirly and posteriorly the fossa

Back 88

tuberculum sellae -

Front 89

abutts anteroirly and posteriorly the fossa

Back 89

dorsum sellae -

Front 90

the dorsum sellae terminates laterally in this

Back 90

posterior clinoid processes -

Front 91

horn-like form part of the floor of the anterior cranial fossa

Back 91

lesser wings –

Front 92

provides an achoring site for securing the brain within the skull

Back 92

anterior clinoid processes

Front 93

trough shaped; projects inferiorly from the junction of the body and greater wings

Back 93

pterygoid processes -

Front 94

lie anterior to the sella turcica; allow optic nerves to pass to eyes

Back 94

optic canals -

Front 95

a long slit between the greater and lesser wings. allows cranial nerves that control eye movements to enter the orbit

Back 95

superior orbital fissure

Front 96

anterior to sphenoid bone

Back 96

Ethmoid bone

Front 97

provide passage ways for branches of cranial nerve V to reach the face

Back 97

foramen rotundum & foramen ovale

Front 98

help form the roof the of the nasal cavities and the floor of the anteroir cranial fossa

Back 98

cribriform plate -

Front 99

transmits the middle meningeal artery, which serves teh internal faces of some of the cranial bones

Back 99

foramen spinosum -

Front 100

project laterally from the body forming 3 parts

Back 100

greater wings

Front 101

a triangular process between the cribriform plates

Back 101

crista galli -

Front 102

projects inferiorly in the median plane and forms the superior part of the nasal septum

Back 102

perpendicular plate -

Front 103

flanking the perpendicular plateand riddled with ethmoid sinuses

Back 103

lateral mass -

Front 104

sinues of the ethmoid bone

Back 104

ethmoid sinuses -

Front 105

protrude into the nasal cavity; delicatly coiled

Back 105

superior and middle nasal conchae (turbinates) -

Front 106

lateral surfaces of the ethmoids lateral masses

Back 106

orbital plates

Front 107

lower jaw

Back 107

mandible

Front 108

upper jaw

Back 108

Maxillary Bones or Maxillae

Front 109

carry the upper teeth

Back 109

alveolar margins

Front 110

means branches

Back 110

rami

Front 111

where each ramus meets the body posteriorly

Back 111

mandibular angle

Front 112

two processes are separated by this

Back 112

mandibular notch

Front 113

insertion point for the large temporalis muscle that elevates the lower jaw during chewing

Back 113

coronoid process -

Front 114

articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

Back 114

mandibular condyle

Front 115

openings on the lateral aspects of the madibular body

Back 115

mental foramen

Front 116

contains the sockets wehre the teeth are embedded

Back 116

alveolar margin -

Front 117

sockets for the teeth

Back 117

alveoli

Front 118

a slight depression in the midline of the madibular body

Back 118

mandibular symphysis -

Front 119

one on the medial surface of each ramus; permits the nerves for tooth sensation to pass to the teeth in the lower jaw

Back 119

mandibular foramina

Front 120

project posteriorly from the alveolar margins; forms anterior 2/3 of the hard palate,

Back 120

palatine processes

Front 121

serves as a passage way for blood vessels and nerves

Back 121

incisive fossa (foramen)

Front 122

extend superiorly to the frontal bone, forming part of the lateral nose bridge

Back 122

frontal processes

Front 123

largest of the paranasal sinuses

Back 123

maxillary sinuses

Front 124

the maxillae articulate with the zygomatic bones via ___

Back 124

zygomatic processes

Front 125

permits the sygomatic nerve, macillary nerve and blood vessels to pass to the face

Back 125

inferior orbital fissure

Front 126

allows the infraorbital nerve and artery to reach the face

Back 126

infraorbital foramen

Front 127

lateral and posterior to maxillae

Back 127

Zygomatic (malar) bones

Front 128

located at bridge of nose

Back 128

Nasal bones

Front 129

anterior, medial walls of orbit

Back 129

Lacrimal bones

Front 130

delicate finger-nail; contribute to the medial walls of each orbit

Back 130

lacrimal fossa

Front 131

posterior hard palate

Back 131

Palatine bones

Front 132

complete the posterior portion of the hard palate

Back 132

horizontal plates -

Front 133

form part of the posterolateral walls of the nasal cavity and a small part of the orbitals

Back 133

perpendicular (vertical) plates -

Front 134

inferior nasal septum

Back 134

Vomer bone

Front 135

inferior lateral walls of nasal cavity

Back 135

Inferior nasal conchae (turbinates)

Front 136

anterior neck, inferior to mandible

Back 136

HYOID BONE

Front 137

support tongue above and larynx “voicebox” below

Back 137

hyoid bone

Front 138

a ring - lacks body or spinous process

Back 138

ATLAS vertebrae

Front 139

encloses spinal cord in vertebral foramen

Back 139

vertebral arch

Front 140

all vertebral foramina together form

Back 140

vertebral canal (spinal
cavity)

Front 141

permits nodding

Back 141

atlas vertebrae

Front 142

allows pivoting of head

Back 142

dens (odontoid process)

Front 143

typical cervical vertebrae have ...(1-3)

Back 143

a) bifid spinous process
b) transverse foramina
c) small body

Front 144

ribs articluate to...

Back 144

- facets on the transverse processes of vertebrae
- facets or demi-facets on the bodies of vertebrae

Front 145

protrude superiorly and inferiorly from the pedicle-lamina juntions

Back 145

superior articular processes

Front 146

forms the sacroiliac joint

Back 146

auricular surfaces

Front 147

two joints of the pelvis

Back 147

sacroiliac joint

Front 148

anterosuperior margin of the first sacral vertebra

Back 148

sacral promontory

Front 149

mark the lines of fusion of the sacral vertebrae

Back 149

transverse lines

Front 150

penetrate the sacrum at the lateral ends of ridges and transmit blood vessels and spinal nerves

Back 150

anterior sacral foramina