A&p Ii The Urinary System Cont

Front 1

What is the uretha?

Back 1

is a thin walled muscular tube that drain urine from the bladder and convey it out of the body

Front 2

NAME
this is a thin walled muscular tube that drain urine from the bladder and converys it out of the body

Back 2

uretha

Front 3

What kind of tissue does the uretha have?

Back 3

mostly pseudostratifed columnar eptihelia (2)near the bladder it it becomes transtitional peithelia (3)near the external opening it changes to a protective strafied squamous eptihliea

Front 4

NAME
this has mostly pseuodostratifed columnar epithelia, near the bladder it changes to transitional epithelia and near the external opening to protective strafied squamous epithelia

Back 4

urethra

Front 5

What is hthe internal urethral sphincter?

Back 5

is a involuntary sphinceter that keeps the urethra closed and prevents leaking btwn voidings

Front 6

NAME
this is a involuntary sphinceter that keeps the urethra closed and prevents leaking btwn voidings

Back 6

internal urethral sphincter

Front 7

What is the external urethral sphincter

Back 7

is a voluntary constrictor of the urethra

Front 8

NAME
this is a voluntary constrictor of the urethra

Back 8

external urethral sphincter

Front 9

the external urethral sphinceter can also be called the (1)

Back 9

sphincter urethrae

Front 10

(1)can also be called the sphinceter urethrae

Back 10

the external urethral sphinceter

Front 11

How do the internal and external urethral sphinctors differ strucurally?

Back 11

(1)internal is composed of smooth muscle (2)the external is composed of skeletal muscle

Front 12

How do the internal and external urethral sphinctors differ functionally?

Back 12

(1)internal- is involuntary (2)external- is controled voluntarily

Front 13

NAME
this sphincter is involuntary

Back 13

internal urethra sphincter

Front 14

NAME
this urethral sphinceter is voluntariy

Back 14

external

Front 15

NAME
this urethral sphinceter is composed of smooth muscle

Back 15

internal

Front 16

What is the internal urtheral sphinceter composed of?

Back 16

smooth muscle

Front 17

NAME
this urtheral sphincter is composed of smooth muscle

Back 17

internal

Front 18

What is the external urtheral sphincter composed of?

Back 18

skeletal muscle

Front 19

NAME
this urtehral sphincter is composed of skeletal mucles

Back 19

external

Front 20

What is the external urethral orfice?

Back 20

is the external opening of the urthrea

Front 21

NAME
this is the external opening of the urethra

Back 21

external urethral orfice

Front 22

The external urethra orfice is also called the (1)

Back 22

meatus

Front 23

(1)is aslo called the meatus

Back 23

the external urethra orfice

Front 24

How does the urethra differ in both sexes? (2)

Back 24

(1)females-it is much shorter and it tightly bound to the vaginal wall by fibrous connective tissue (2)males- it is longer, has three regions: prostatic urethra, the membranous urethra, and the spongy urethra, and has a double function of carrying urine and semen out of the body

Front 25

How is the male urethra differ comapared to the females? (3)

Back 25

(1)the males is longer, (2)has a double function of carrying urine and semen out the body (3)has three regions: the prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, and the spongy urethra

Front 26

How does the female urethra differ compared to the male urethra?

Back 26

it is much shorter and it tigtly bound to the vaginal wall by fibrous connective tissue

Front 27

NAME
this is much shorter and is tightly bound to the vaginal wall by fibrous connective tissue

Back 27

the female urethra

Front 28

NAME
this has three regions: the prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, and the spongy urethra,

Back 28

the male urethra

Front 29

NAME
this has three regions: the prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, and the spongy urethra, two functions (the carrying out of semen and urine out of the body), and it is much longer

Back 29

the male urethra

Front 30

What are the 2 functions of the male urethra?

Back 30

to carry urine and semen out of the body

Front 31

NAME
its two functions include; to carry urine and semen out of the body

Back 31

the male urethra

Front 32

What are the (3)regions of the male urethra?

Back 32

(1)the prostatic urethra (2)the membranous urethra (3) the spongy urethra

Front 33

What is the prostatic urethra>

Back 33

the part of the male urethra that contains the prostate gland

Front 34

NAME
this is the part of the male urethra that contains the prostate gland

Back 34

the prostatic urethra

Front 35

What is the spongy urethra?

Back 35

passes through the penis and opens at the extrenal urethral orfice

Front 36

NAME
this passes through the penis and opens at the external urethral orfice

Back 36

spongy urethra

Front 37

The spongy urethra can also be called the (1)

Back 37

penile urethra

Front 38

(1) can also be called the penile urethra

Back 38

spongy urethra

Front 39

Why can improper habbits cause females to get infections?

Back 39

bc the female' urethra is shorter and its external orfice is so close to the anal opening

Front 40

NAME
females are more suspectable for this than males bc the female's urethra is shorter and its external orfice is so close to the anal opening

Back 40

infections due to improper habbits such as wiping the wrong way

Front 41

Why can intercourse cause females to get bladder infections ?

Back 41

bc the females urethra is so short and it external orfice is so close to the anal openings-- sex can drive bacteria from the vagina and extrenal genital region twoard the bladder

Front 42

NAME
bc the females urethra is so short and it external orfice is so close to the anal openings--this can drive bacteria from the vagina and extrenal genital region twoard the bladder

Back 42

bladder infections caused by sex

Front 43

Why can the use of spermicides increase a female's chance of getting a bladder infection?

Back 43

bc the spermicde kills helpful bacteria-- thus allowing the infectious bacterai to conoloze the vaginia

Front 44

NAME
this can kill helpful bacteria--thus allowing the infectious bacteria to conolize the vaginal wall

Back 44

spermicides

Front 45

What is urethrisits?

Back 45

is inflammation of the urethra

Front 46

NAME
this is a inflammation of the urethra

Back 46

urethritis

Front 47

What is cytistis?

Back 47

refers to bladder inflammation

Front 48

NAME
this refers to bladder inflammation

Back 48

cytisitis

Front 49

What is pyelonephritis?

Back 49

refers to renal inflammation

Front 50

NAME
this refers renal inflammations

Back 50

pyelonephristis

Front 51

What is dysuria?

Back 51

refers painful urinartion

Front 52

NAME
this refesr to painful urination

Back 52

dysuria

Front 53

What are the symptoms of a urinary tract infection? (5)

Back 53

(1)dysuria (2)urgency (3)urinary frequency (4)fever (5)sometimes cloudy or bloody urine

Front 54

NAME
some symptoms of this include dysuria, urgency, urinary frequency, fever, and sometimes cloudy or bloody urine

Back 54

a urinary tract infection

Front 55

What is micturition?

Back 55

refers the act of emptying the bladder

Front 56

NAME
this refers to the act of emptying the bladder

Back 56

micturition

Front 57

What are some other names for micturition? (2)

Back 57

(1)voiding (2)urination

Front 58

What are some other names for voiding? (2)

Back 58

(1)micturition (2)urination

Front 59

What are some other names for urination? (2)

Back 59

(1)voiding (2)micturation

Front 60

When about (1)of urine has accumulated afferent impulese are transmited to the briain creating a urge to void

Back 60

200 ml

Front 61

What is the micturtion center?

Back 61

the dorsolateral pons

Front 62

NAME
this refers to the dorsolateral pons

Back 62

the micturtition center

Front 63

T or F
bc the external sphincer is voluntary controlled we can chose to keep it closed

Back 63

true

Front 64

After tolder yrs, what can incontinence be caused by? (4)

Back 64

(1)emotional problems (2)physical pressure (3)pregrancy (4)nervous system

Front 65

NAME
after tolder years, this can be caused by emotional problems, physcial pressure, pregrancy and the nervous system (such as laughing to hard)

Back 65

incontinence

Front 66

What is urinary rentation?

Back 66

refers to when the bladder is unable to expel its contained urine

Front 67

NAME
this refers to when the bladder is unable to expel its contained urine

Back 67

urinary rentation

Front 68

NAME
this can be inserted through the uretrha to drain the urine and prevent the bladder trauma from excessive streching

Back 68

a catheter

Front 69

NAME
sometimes this can be caused by general anesthesia, and hypertrophy of the prostate gland

Back 69

urinary rentation

Front 70

What can urinary retentaion be caused by? (2)

Back 70

(1)general anesthesia (2)hypertrophy of the prosate gland

Front 71

What are the three most abnoramlitles of the urinary system? (3)

Back 71

(1)horse shoe kidneys (2)kidney hypospadis (3)polycystic kidney

Front 72

NAME
these include horse shoe kidneys, kidney hypospadis, and polycystic kidney

Back 72

the three most common kidney abonromalites

Front 73

What is hypospadisa?

Back 73

is found in male infants only and refers to when the urethral orfice if located on the ventral surface of the penis

Front 74

NAME
this is found in male infants only and refers to when the urethra orfice is located n the ventral surface of the penis

Back 74

hypospadisa

Front 75

NAME
this is the most common congential abnormaility of the the urethra

Back 75

hypospadias

Front 76

What is congenital polycystic kidneys?

Back 76

is an inherited conditions in which the baby's kidneys have many urine filled cysts

Front 77

NAME
this is an inherited condition in which the baby's kidneys have many urine filled cysts

Back 77

congential polycystic kidneys

Front 78

What is adult polycystic kidney disease?

Back 78

is an inherited condition in which cysts develop so gradually that they produce no symptoms until about 40 yrs of age

Front 79

NAME
this is a inherited condition in which the cysts develop so gradually that they produce no symptoms until about 40 yrs of age

Back 79

polycystic kidneys

Front 80

Why is incontinence normally in infants?

Back 80

bc they have not yet learned how to control the external urethral sphincter

Front 81

NAME
this is common in children bc they have not yet learned how to control their external urehtral sphinceter

Back 81

incontinence

Front 82

What bacteria causes most urinary problems?

Back 82

E coli

Front 83

NAME
e coli causes most of these

Back 83

urinary tract problems/infections

Front 84

NAME
this accounts for 80% of all urinary tract infections

Back 84

normal residents of the urinary tract

Front 85

E coli accounts for (1)of all urinary tract infections

Back 85

normal bacertia flora of the urinary tract

Front 86

T or F
the bladder of an aged person is shrunken,w less than half the capcity of a young adult

Back 86

true

Front 87

What is nocturia?

Back 87

is the need to get up urinate during hte night to

Front 88

NAME
this refers tot he need to get up urinated during the night

Back 88

nocturia

Front 89

NAME
this plagues most of the population

Back 89

nocturia

Front 90

What is one differ btwn the ascending and descending loop of Henle? (2)

Back 90

(1)descending limb is relavitely impearble to solutes and freely permeable to water (2)the ascending limb is permeable to solutes but not to water

Front 91

NAME
this is relativly impearable to solutes and freely permeable to water

Back 91

the descending loop of Henle

Front 92

The decending loop of Henle is impearble to (1)and freely permeable to (2)

Back 92

(1)solutes (2)water

Front 93

The ascending loop of Henle is permeable to (1)but not to (2)

Back 93

(1)solutes (2)water

Front 94

NAME
this is permeable to solutes but no to water

Back 94

the ascending loop of Henle

Front 95

NAME
these are permeable to urea

Back 95

the deep medullary regions of the collecting ducts

Front 96

The deep medullary regions of the collecting duct are permeable to (1)

Back 96

urea

Front 97

The (1) of the collecting duct are permeable to urea

Back 97

deep medullary regions

Front 98

Where are the kidneys located? (not refering to the lumbar region)

Back 98

behind the lower abdominal cavity

Front 99

NAME
these are located behind the abdominal cavity

Back 99

abdominal cavity

Front 100

Describe the filtrate flow from the PCT (5)

Back 100

(1)PCT (2)Descending of the loop of Henle(3)ascending limb of the loop of Henle (4)DCT (5)collecting duct

Front 101

Describe the flow of urine from the collecting duct? (7)

Back 101

(1)minor calyx (2)major calyx (3)renal pelvis (4)ureter (5) urinary bladder (6)urethra (7)external urethra orfice

Front 102

Blood pressure drives (1)

Back 102

filtration

Front 103

(1)drives filtration

Back 103

blood pressure

Front 104

What is responisble for cleaning up proteins and the big stuff?

Back 104

the lympathic and immune system

Front 105

NAME
these (2)systems are responsible for cleaning upt the big stuff like protiens

Back 105

the lmypathic and the immune system

Front 106

NAME
this sytem cleans up the little stuff

Back 106

the urinary sytstem